Bộ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ
NGUYỄN NGỌC CHINH
QUAN HỆ NGUYÊN NHÂN - KẾT QUẢ
TRONG TIẾNG NGA VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT VÀ
CÁC PHƯƠNG THỨC BIỂU ĐẠT CHÚNG
Chuyên ngành: Ngôn ngữ Xlavơ
Ma số:
5.04.09
LUẬN ÁN TIÊN Sĩ NGỮVẢN
HÀ NỘI
- 2001
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ
NGUYỄN NGỌC CHINH
QUAN HỆ NGUYÊN NHÂN - KẼT QUẢ
TRONG TIẾNG NGA VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT VÀ
KaH/ỊH/ỊaTa 4 >HJiojiorHHecKHX H ayK
CneLỊHajibHOCTb:“PyccKHỈi ÍĨ3biK”: 5.04.09
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2001
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