Indirect speech
Indirect speech
I. Indirect speech ( câu gián ti p)ế
1. Cách s d ngử ụ
ví d :ụ
a. “I’ll send you a postcard when I arrive in London”,
Mary said to Daisy
Mary said to Daisy that she would send Daisy a
postcard when she arrived in London
b. “I have made many mistakes”, he said to me.
He said to me that he had made many mistakes
Câu gián ti p dùng đ t ng thu t l i l i nói ế ể ườ ậ ạ ờ
ho c l i phát bi u c a đó ặ ờ ể ủ

2. Nh ng s thay đ i khi chuy n câu tr c ti p sang câu gián ti pữ ự ổ ể ự ế ế
a. “I was born in 1980”, she said She said that she was born
in 1980
Thay đ i đ i t nhân x ng d a vào l i d n tr c ti p ( l i d n ổ ạ ừ ư ự ờ ẫ ự ế ờ ẫ
tr c ti p: “….. ”,she said)ự ế
b. 1. “I have made many mistakes”, he said to me.
He said to me that he had made many mistakes
2. “I will send you a postcard when I arrive in London”, Mary said to
Daisy
Mary said to Daisy that she would send Daisy a postcard when she
arrived in London
S thay đ i v các thì. Chúng ta có các quy t c thay đ i c ự ổ ề ắ ổ ụ
th nh sau:ể ư

b. “The Earth goes around the Sun”, scientists said.
Scientists said that the Earth goes around the Sun
câu tr c ti p nói v s th t hi n nhiên, chân lý luôn luôn đúngự ế ề ự ậ ể
c. “I often get up late”, said he. He said that he often gets up
late
câu tr c ti p nói v thói quen c a ai đóự ế ề ủ
d. Câu tr c ti p có “should/ had better/ ought to/ used to…..ự ế
e. Câu tr c ti p có c u trúc “It + tobe + time/ high time + sb + Ved/ Vp1 ự ế ấ
(Ai đó đã đ n lúc ph i làm gì)ế ả
Ví d : “It was high time you did your homework”, Janne said to Davidụ
Janne said to David that it was high time he did his homework
f. Câu tr c ti p là câu đi u ki n lo i 2 và lo i 3, ho c các mênh đ gi đ nh ự ế ề ệ ạ ạ ặ ề ả ị

(wish / as if / if only…), ho c có xen k thì QKĐ và QKTDặ ẽ