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Chapter 3: Words in Context 31
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3. Since landlords get reimbursements, they shouldn’t complain about losing
money.
(A) bills
(B) increases
(C) payments
(D) housing benefits
4. The elderly are not excluded from rent raises that all tenants have to pay
when the landlord makes a major improvement.
(A) obliged
(B) included
(C) excited
(D) eliminated
5. When their rent increased from $200 to $400 a month, they protested
against such a tremendous increase.
(A) light
(B) difficult
(C) huge
(D) tiring
6. Because the city is slow in processing applications, many of the elderly do
not get housing benefits.
(A) providing
(B) working on
(C) raising
(D) trying
7. The landlord notified his tenants that their rent would be increased the
following month.
(A) janitors

(C) unavoidable
(D) intriguing
2. What you need after a hard week’s work is a little frivolity over the weekend.
(A) luxury
(B) harmony
(C) fireworks
(D) triviality
3. The general planned a new stratagem to conquer the rebel forces.
(A) strafing
(B) scheme
(C) bomb
(D) headquarters
4. Only a quack would recommend a lettuce diet to an athlete.
(A) charlatan
(B) duck
(C) coach
(D) doctor
03_TOEFL Vocab,Ch3,27-60 8/4/06, 12:3032
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Chapter 3: Words in Context 33
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5. The expression “out of the frying pan and into the fire” means to go from one
dilemma to a worse one.
(A) situation
(B) predicament
(C) embarrassment
(D) aura
6. He made one last futile effort to convince her and left the house.
(A) difficult

1. The correct answer is (C).
2. The correct answer is (D).
3. The correct answer is (B).
4. The correct answer is (A).
5. The correct answer is (B).
6. The correct answer is (D).
7. The correct answer is (B).
8. The correct answer is (C).
9. The correct answer is (C).
10. The correct answer is (A).
Many English words are made up of a combination of word elements. A root is a word
element, often taken from Latin or Greek, that serves as a base to which other elements
are added to modify the root itself. A prefix is a word element placed at the beginning
of a root, and a suffix is attached to the end of a root or word. Both prefixes and suffixes
change the meaning of the root and form a new word.
Recognizing and understanding word elements provide a valuable system of analyzing
words, figuring out their meaning, and comparing them to find relationships with words
you already know. Using this system, you will also be able to organize and learn words
in groups rather than individually.
Here are some common Latin and Greek prefixes. Study them and look up the meanings
of the words you do not know in the Example column.
Prefix Meaning Example
ab, a away from abduct, amoral
ad, ac, ag, at to advent, accrue, aggressive, attracts
ante before antedated
anti against antipathy
bene well benefit
circum around circumnavigate
com, con, col together compliant, conducive, collate
contra against contrary

2. That sentence requires a(n) __________.
half colon
3. His _______________ condition was excellent.
after the operation
4. The law requires that there be a(n) _______ from the second floor apartment.
way out
5. Magellan ___________ the world.
sailed around
6. Our new president is much more popular than his ___________________.
one who came before
7. After the protest march, the crowd __________.
split apart
03_TOEFL Vocab,Ch3,27-60 8/4/06, 12:3035