W
EXERCISE
1
:
How are these words usually used, as
NO~S
or
ADJECTIVES?
Use each word
in
a
sentence.
1.
busy
+
I'm
too busy to go to
2.
computer
,
ADJ
+
Computers are machmes.
3.
tall
NOUN
ADJ
4.
apartment
NOUN
AD)

expensive
NOUN
AD)
13.
grammar
NOUN
AD)
8-1
MODIFYING NOUNS WITH ADJECTIVES AND NOUNS
ADJECTIVE
+
NOUN
Adjectives
can
modify nouns,
L-
1.
<a). See
Chart
(a)
I
bought an
axpensive
book.
4-2
for a list of common adjectives.
NOUN
+
NOUN
Nouns

shoes store.
A noun that is used as
an
adjective is always
in
its
singular
form.
In
(c): the store sells shoes, but it
is
called
a
shoe
(singular
form)
store.
~wcm
+
NOUN
+
NOUN
Both
an
adjective and a noun
can
modify a noun;
(e)
I
bought an

4.
The busy waitress poured coffee into the empty cup.
5.
A
young man carried the heavy suitcase for Furniko.
6.
I
sat in an uncomfortable chair at the restaurant.
7.
There is international news on the front page of the newspaper.
8.
My
uncle is a wonderful man.
EXERCISE
3:
Find the
NOUNS
USED AS
ADJECTIVES
and identify the nouns they modify.
fl
1.
We sat at the
kitchen
table.
2.
I
bought some new CDs at the music store.
3.
We met Jack at the miin station.

3.
A
story that appears
in
a newspaper is called
Rooms
in
hotels are called
Soup that is made of beans is called
6.
A
worker in an office is called
7.
A
room that contains computers is called
8.
Seats on airplanes are called
9.
A
bench that is found in a park is called
10.
A
tag that gives the price of something is called
326
m
CHAPTER
8
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EXERCISE
5:

4.
we watched a
(;a;t
1
government
5.
I
ed to a
{
c
)
school
vegetable
6
Mom made some (bean
1
chicken
7.
He told me about
a
television
zut er
1
8.
We took alan
airplane
9.
I
couldn't
find

The teacher gave us a
/o-m~nt.
long
assignment
2.
program
I
watched a
good
telarision
3.
road
mountain
dangerous
We drove on a
4.
automobile
Janet was
in
a

,
bad
acniient
5.
arh'cle
I
read an
magazine
interesting

car
(e) a
beautfful Greek
island
(
f
)
OPINION
AD]ECTNES
dangerous
favorite imponant
d#kult
good inmstihg
dirty
hatW
SmW
expensive honest wondet$l
In
(a): two adjectives
(large
and
red)
modify a
noun
(carJ.
Adjectives follow a particular orda. In
(a), an adjective describing
.she
(large)
comes

MAIBRUL
red
Greek
metal
blue
Chinese
glass
bhh Mexican
plastic
(g)
some
delicious Meuican
food
(h) a
anallglrras
vase
(
i
)
a
kind
old
Chinese
man
A noun is usually modified by only one or two
adjectives, although sometimes there
are
three.
*NO=: Adjectives
that

tall
gb~5
vase
tall
2.
delicious
some food
Thai
'
3.
red
smaN
some tomatoes
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4.
old
big
bmwn
5.
narrow
dirt
6.
young
serious
7.
long
black
beautiful
some
COWS

Canadian leather
unhappy
coffee
1.
Jack is wearing a white
cOtton
shirt.
2.
Hong Kong is an important
city.
3.
I'm wearing some comfortable old
shoes.
.I ,
4.
Tommy was
alan
little boy when he broke his
favorite toy.
5.
Ann
has alan
wool blanket on her bed.
6.
Our dorm
is
a
tall
red
building.

We bought a blue
blanket.
4.
Alice has gold earrings.
5.
Tom has short hair.
6.
Mr. Lee is alan
young man.
7.
Jack lives
in
a large
brick house.
8.
I
bought a big suitcase.
9.
Sally picked a/an
red flower.
10.
Ali
wore an old
shirt to the picnic.
NOUNS. ADJECTIVES. AND PRONOUNS
W
331
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EXERCISE 10-ERROR ANALYSIS:
Many, but not

I
i
4.
I read a newspaper article interesting this morning.
5.
Spiro gave me a wonderful small black Greek box as a birthday present.
6.
Alice reached down and put her hand in the mountain cold stream.
7.
Pizza is my favorite food Italian.
8.
There was a beautiful flower arrangement on the kitchen table.
9.
Jack usually wears brown old comfortable shoes leather.
10.
Gnats
are black tiny insects.
1 1. I used a box brown cardboard to mail a gift to my sister.
12. Tony has a noisy electric fan in his bedroom window.
13.
James is a middle-aged handsome man with brown short hair.
332
.
CHAPTER
8
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EXERCISE
I
1
-ORAL:

A:
some ripe soup??
I
don't think soup can be called ripe.
STUDENT
B:
Okay. How about "some ripe fruit"?
OR:
"some ripe bananas"!
STUDENT
A:
That's good. Some ripe fruit or some ripe bananas.
1.
a kitchen.
.
.
11.
a birthday
.

A.

,g
':

%
2.
a busy

.

,p:
+,
;;
,
i.
5.
some expensive
.
.
.
I
:
.
,
,
15.
an easy
.
.
.
. .
,
6.
an
interesting old
. . .
16.

a dangerous
. .
.
,
/,,
18.
a flower.
.
.
.
.
:
<.
'
I
9.
a beautiful Korean
. .
.

*.
19.
a bright.
. .
if
1/11
'
10.
some delicious Mexican
. . .

. . .
28.
a rubber bicycle
29.
a hospital
30.
a movie
20.
some small round.
.
.
*,
i'
-7
3 1.
some great old
32.
a television
33.
a very deep
34.
an office
.
. .
3.5.
a gray wool.
.
.
36.
an afternoon

food.
(c)
Susie ate
some of
her
food.

all of
=
100%
most of
=
a large part, but not all
some of
=
a small or medium part
(a)
Rita
ate
all of
the
food
on her olate.
All of, most of,
and
some of
express quantities.
v[{,';$;
i,:,
I,

with
aN; all
cannot be omitted.
1.2,4,6,8:
Allof
these numbers are even.
2.
1, 3,
5,
7:
these numbers are odd.
3.
1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9:
these numbers are odd.
4.
1,
3, 4, 6, 7, 8:
these numbers are odd.
5.
1,
3,4, 5,7,9:
these numbers are odd.
334
W
CHAPTER
8
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6.
the birds in Picture
A

dark
hair.
x
11.
the students in
this
class are using pens rather
than
pencils to do this exercise.
12.
the students in this class wear glasses.
13.
the students in this class can speak English.
NOUNS, ADJECTIVES, AND PRONOUNS
H
335
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8-4
EXPRESSIONS
OF
QUANTIW SUBJECT-VERB

,.
AGREEMENT
,
~
.,

,
(a)

(b):
aN
of+
plural
noun
+
plural
verb.
In (c):
some of+
singular
noun
+
singular
verb.
In (d):
some of+
plural
noun
+
plural
verb.
When a subject includes an expression of quantity,
the verb agrees
with
the noun that immediately follows
&
COMMON
EXPRESSIONS
OF

3.
We saw one movie. Some of the movie
interesting.
(was \were)
4.
We saw
five
movies. Some of the movies
interesting.
(was \were)
.
,
5.
Half of the glasses
empty,
.
-
(is
\
are)
*
.
3
and
half
of the glasses
full.
(is
\
are)

9.
Almost all of the
air
in
the city
polluted.
(is
\
are)
10.
Almost
all
of the oceans
in
the world
polluted.
(is
\
are)
1 1.
Most of the students on time.
(arrives
\
arrive)
12.
Most of our
mail
in
the morning.
(anives

(b).
ONE OF
+
PL.
NOUN
+
SNG.
VBRB
When
one
of
+
a
plural noun
is the subject of a
(c)
Oneof
myfrienda
is
sentence, it is followed by a
singular
verb,
as
in
(d) INCORRECT:
One of my
fn'endS
are
here.
(c):

none
of+
aplural noun
can be
singular, as in (e), or
plural,
as
in
(f). Both are
correct.*
*In
very
formal
English,
a
sinBulpr
verb
is used
after
MM
of+
a
plum1
noun:
Nm
ofthe
students
WM
la&.
In

studend
\
be
\
one of
my
\
classmate
NOUNS. ADJECTIVES. AND PRONOUNS
H
337
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3. one of my
\
book
\
be
\
red
4.
one of my
\
book
\
have
\
a green cover
5.
(name of a place)
\

live
\
in
(name of a place)
9,
(title of a TVprogram)
\
be
\
one of the best
\
program
\
on
TV
10.
(name of a person)
\
be
\
one of the most famous
\
people*
\
in the world
1
1. one of my biggest
\
problem
\

\
be
\
soft and comfortable
*People
is a
plural
noun even though it does not have
a
final
-a.
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EXERCISE
15:
Complete the sentences with your own words.
1.
One of my favorite is
2.
is one of the most interesting in the world.
3.
Oneofthe in my is
4.
is one of my best
5.
Oneof
6.
None of
EXERCISE
16:
Choose the correct

\
ate)
6.
One of my favorite colors
(is
\
are)
7.
My best friends in Brazil.
(lives
\
live)
8.
One of my best friends
(lives \live)
9.
Some of the students
in
my class lap-top computers.
(has
\
have)
10.
One of the students in Pablo's class a mustache.
(has \have)
1 1.
None of these letters for you.
(is
\
are)

kind people.
5.
One of my friends
Sam Brown.
6.
Most of the rivers in the world
polluted.
7.
Some of the Pacific Ocean
badly polluted.
8.
Most of this page
white.
9.
Most of the pages in this book
full
of grammar exercises.
10.
One of the pages in this book
the title page.
,
t
.IJ,
-
EXERCISE
18-0RAL
(BOOKS CLOSED):
Answer the questions in complete sentences.
Use any expression of quantity
(all

How many of your classmates are from
(name of a
country)?
5.
How many of the people in this room can speak (English)?
6.
How many of the women in this room are wearing earrings? How many of the men?
7.
What is one of your favorite
TV
programs?
8.
How many of the people in this city
are
friendly?
:
.
1
.
9.
Who is one of the most famous people in the world?
10.
How many of the married women
in
your country work outside the home?
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+
-

:

:::.::
,.:
.,.>
;,.
,<:.:.:
.:.:
. .:.
:.:;
,
,.
.:::.
.
.
~

,.:-
.1
.
~.
.
~ ~
(a)
Ev ,
.tu&nt
ha8
a book.
(a)
an^
,-,
LrVr

a
book.
(d)
INCORRECT:
Ewqy
students
hawe
books.
(
f)
Everybody
ha.
a
book.
Everyone
and
aerybo&
are
followed by a
singular
verb.
I
Evsry
is not immediately followed by
of.
Ewty
is immediately followed by a
ahpuler
noun,
NOT

are
mine.
(book
\
books)
(is
\
are)
2.
Every on this desk mine.
(book
\
books)
(is
\
are)
3.
Allofthe here today.
(student
\
students)
(is
\
are)
4.
Every here today.
(student
\
students) (is
\

All of the in my counay that story.
(child
\
children)
(knows
\
know)
9.
All of the in this class studying English.
(person \people) (is
\
are)
10.
Everyone in this class
to learn English.
(wants
\
want)
NOUNS. ADJECTIVES. AND PRONOUNS
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11.
all
of the
in
this class speak English well?
(Does \Do) (student
\
students)
12. every in the world like to listen to music?
(Does \Do) (person \people)

in an
apartment with one of my friend.
3. We saw a pretty flowers garden in the park.
4.
Almost of the students are
in
class today.
5.
Every people in my class are studying English.
6.
AU
of the cities in North America has traffic problems.
7.
One of my books are green.
8.
Nadia drives a blue small car.
9.
Istanbul is one of my favorite city in the world.
10. Every of students
in
the class have a grammar book.
11. The work will take a long time. We can't fdsh every
things
today.
12. Everybody in the world want peace.
342
CHAPTER
8
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SINGULAR

The
students'
books
are red.
(d)
My
friends
have a
car.
f&ndi
f*iends'
MyfriendP'
caris blue.
To
show that a person possesses
something, add an apostrophe
(')
and
-s
to
a singular noun.
POSSESSIVE
NOUN,
SINGULAR
noun
+
apostrophe
(')
+
-8

Smith
2.
Bobs cat likes to sleep on the sofa.
3.
My teachers names are Ms. Rice and
Mr.
Molina.
4.
My mothers first name is Marika.
5.
My parents telephone number is
555-9876.
6.
My Unde George is my fathers brother.
7.
Nicole is a girls name.
8.
Erica and Heidi are girls names.
9.
Do you lie Toms shirt?
10.
Do you
know
Anitas brother?
1
1.
The teacher collected the students test papers at the end of the period.
NOUNS, ADJECTIVES. AND PRONOUNS
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12.

.!I

7.
briefcase is on the floor.
8.
I
need
to
borrow
dictionary.
9.
Do you like mustache?
':a
'
'
10.
Do you know wife?
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EXERCISE 23-WRITTEN:
Write sentences about things your classmates possess.
Example:
Kim's book is on his desk. Anna's purse is brown. Pablo's shirt is green.
EXERCISE
24:
Complete the sentences.
1.
My husband's
brother
is my brother-in-law.
2.

;:
on the floor.
(b) The store sells
men's
doclong.
(c)
That
store sells
women's
clothing.
(d)
I
like
to how about other
@eopkSs
lives.
. .
.

Irregular ,
ildren,
mn,
wm
,
r r ,
-


1.
children
That store sells
ch/l&
s
I
books.
2.
girl
Mary is a
name.
3,
girk
Mary and Sue are
names.
4.
women
Mary
and Sue are
names.
NOUNS. ADJECTIVES, AND PRONOUNS .
345
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5.
uncle
6.
person
7.
people
8.

in California.
MY name is Fido.
MY
names are Fido and Rover.
Are
Jim
and Tom names?
Chris can be a
nickname or a
nickname.
Our
school is near our house.

.
EXERCISE
26:
Add apposnophes and final
-s
as necessary to make Gosses&e nouns.
,
.
Paul's
.::.
1.
Someone stole Paul
,,
bicycle.
*,
$
~

my
father's
nose
=
My
nose looks like
my
father's nose;
I
inherited
the
shape
of
my
nose
from my
father.
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9.
It's important to respect other people opinions.
10. My husband sister is visiting us this week.
11. Excuse me. Where is the men room?
12. That store sells children toys.
8-9
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS:
MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, OURS, THEIR
(a) This book belongs to me.
It is
my
book.

That
book
is
mine.
INCORRHCT:
That
is
mine
book.
EXERCISE
27:
Complete the sentences. Use
OBJECT
PRONOUNS,
POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES,
and
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS.
1.
I
own this book.
4.
She
owns this pen.
This book belongs to
me
.
This pen belongs to
This is
my

EXERCISE
28:
Complete the sentences. Use the cqrrect possessive form of the words in
italics.
1.
I
a. This bookbag is
mine
.
Sue
b. That bookbag is
/
c.
My
bookbag is red.
she
d.
/-/US
is green.
2.
we
they
we
they
3.
Tom
Mary
he
she
4.

1.3
.,
a. This notebook is
r
.'
b. That one is
c. has name on it.
d. has name on it.
5.
Jim
a.
.,
L
,
apartment is on Pine Street,
.
we
b. is on Main Sweet,
.
r8
he
c. apartment has three rooms.
we
d. has four rooms.
I
,).
,
,
,
.

c.
gets
17
miles to the gallon.
d.
car gets
30
miles to the gallon.
a. These books
are
b. Those are
II
.
c. are on desk.
d. are on desk.
,
1,
EXERCISE
29:
Choose the correct completion.
,,
,
.I
.
2.
Please give this dictionary to Olga. It's
(her
\
hers)
3.

Isn't that the Smiths' car? That one over there. The blue one.
B: No, that's not
car is dark blue.
(their \theirs)
(Their
\
Theirs)
6.
A:
Jim
and I really
like
new apartment. It has lots of
'C
(our\ ours)
I

space. How do/you like
?
(your
\
yours)
B:
is small, but it's comfortable.
(Our
\
ow

-