ThaiNguyen University
VietNam

southern Luzon state Univesity
Philippines LINKING THE SCHOOL, FAMILY AND SOCIETY IN ENHANCING MORAL
EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN HANOI A Dissertation
Presented to
The Faculty of
GraduateSchool
Southern LuzonStateUniversity
Lucban, Quezon
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Doctor of Philosophy
in Education Management
by
HOANG HONG TRANG ( Moonlight )

by
HOANG HONG TRANG ( Moonlight )
April, 2014 1

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
With sincerity, I would like to express my thanks to all of Professors of Southern
Luzon State University (SLSU) and Thai Nguyen University (TNU) for their insightful
lectures in different subjects provided me with the knowledge and techniques to develop a
informative research.
The first and most important, I want to thank Prof.Dr Teresita V. Dela Cruz, my
supervisor, for her invaluable thoughts, suggestions and insightful useful guidance during the
thesis work. More over, I also appreciated my committee members for their valuable comments
and constructive suggestions, which are of significant value to this research.
I would like to express deep gratitude to Prof.Dr. Phan Van Que, who was dedicated
to guide me throughout the research process and complete my thesis to get good results today.
Sincere thanks to 10 high schools in Hanoi, teachers, students, parents of students,
family, friends, colleagues dedicated to provide documents, suggestions, encouragement for
me to complete this thesis.
Although I've tried hard, due to time limited and capacity, my thesis has certainly
inevitable shortcomings, I hope to receive comments from scientists, the teachers, colleagues
and those interested in ethics education for students in the current period.

Hoang Hong Trang



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2.6 THE LINKAGE OF THE SCHOOL, FAMILY AND SOCIETY IN THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF MORAL EDUCATION FOR HIGH SCHOOL
STUDENTS IN HANOI 23
2.7 OBJECTIVES OF HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION 24
2.8 THE OBJECTIVES OF MORAL EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS 24
2.9 THE BASIC CONTENT OF MORAL EDUCATION FOR HIGH SCHOOL
STUDENTS 25
2.10 THE TASK OF MORAL EDUCATION FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS 29
2.11 THE MEANING OF THE LINKAGE OF THE SCHOOL WITH THE FAMILY
AND SOCIETY FOR ENHANCING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MORAL
EDUCATION FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN HANOI. 33
2.11.1 The linkage between the school with the family in the moral education for high
school students 34
2.11.2 The linkage between the school with social forces in the moral education for high
school students 35
2.12 THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LIKAGE
OF THE SCHOOL, FAMILY AND SOCIETY IN THE IMPLEMENTATION
OF MORAL EDUCATION FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN HANOI. 36
2.13 RESEARCH PARADIGM 40
CHAPTER III 41
METHODOLOGY 41
3.1 LOCATION OF THE STUDY 41
3.2 RESEARCH METHODS 42
3.2.2. Practical research methods 42
3.3 POPULATION AND SAMPLING 43
3.4 INSTRUMENTATION 44

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BIBLIOGRAPHY 111
APPENDICES 115
APPENDIX A 115
APPENDIX B 116
APPENDIX C 122
APPENDIX D 124
CURRICULUM VITAE 126

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ABSTRACT
Today, the moral education programs are implemented for students from young to
elder ages. In pre-primary level, it is the education of ethical behavior; in the elementary
level, it is the subject of morals; in high school, it is the civic education. Teaching ethics in
schools is still considered one of the important directions against the moral degradation in the
part of students. But textbook programs are too heavily depending on theory, not associated
with the reality, lack of soft skills, failed to remarkly form the personality of students. The
education program is too heavy, hence difficult for students to remember and concentrate. The
program in high school civic education textbooks has not changed drasticly. It seems to be
philosophical, academic, stuffing, dry, lack of the formation of the right moral habits, which
has not made a mark in students’ hearts, making them vulnerable of social context. High
school students in adolescents (16-18 years old), they are in their physical, psychological,
physiological development stage, which is a period of transition from children to young
adults. This is the period when children join actively in social life, thereby forming qualities
of the citizens. Instead of teaching students further moral lessons, it is time for the school to
educate children about kindness, tolerance, generosity, and education on ethics in social
relations. It is a need to find effective forms of living, creating a healthy playground for
students. Building a good educational environment, in large in the society and school,
particularly in family and classes, in order that students can study to become virtuous and
talented.
In order to collect information for the study, we have delivered questionnaires to

operation, the sharing of responsibility in community… and are tested by different experts in
education. This program with appropriate procedures and measures hopes to have reasonable
contribution to the training of a future generation for the country.

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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1: The content of moral education 21
Figure 2.2: The nature of management 22
Figure 2.3: Schematic of independent variables, dependent variables and the result of the
study 40
Figure 3.1: Map of the 10 schools in Hanoi 42
Figure 3.2: Describing and comparing the results ethical ranking of students 53
in 10 schools in 03 schoolyears 53
Figure 3.3: Forms of parents' involvement in the learning activity 47
Figure 4.1: Satisfaction in status of moral education in high school 56
Figure 4.2: Satisfaction level of evaluation of the surveyed about Curriculum Framework 58
Figure 4.3: Satisfaction level of evaluation of the surveyed about Implementation/ Teaching
resources and assessment 59
Figure 4.4: Satisfaction in the effect of extra- curriculum activities in the implementation of
moral education for high school students 61
Figure 4.5: Satisfaction level of evaluation of the surveyed about Linkages 62

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1: List of 10 high schools in Hanoi where the study was conducted 41
Table 3.2: Number of survey participants 43
Table 3.4: Results ethical ranking of students in 10 schools in 2010-2011 52
Table 3.5: Results ethical ranking of students in 10 schools in 2011-2012 53
Table 4.1: Weighted Mean Distribution of satisfaction in status of moral education in high

The today’s Vietnamese youth inherits many advantages from a new era with the
intelligence, dynamic, eager-to-learn and enterprising spirits Nevertheless, through many
years in the context of the market economy and the globalisation of international economic
intergration, in Vietnam “it appears many particularly worrying phenomena, that some parts
of students have moral degradation, hazy ideals, practical lifestyles, lack of ambitions to settle
for the future of themselves and their country”.

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The twenty first century is the time of intergation, knowledge and the development of
science and technology. Humans, especially high school students, are often affected by very
complex, sometimes contradictory, multilateral and multidimentional effects. Hence, school
education needs to collaborate closely with families and society to minimize the negative
impacts, in order to train out the people with fully developed personality.
Therefore, to develop human resource and enhance the quality of school education, it
is necessary to combine the education at school, at home and in the society, creating a healthy
educational environment, mobilizing the synergy, establising the consistency, that all impacts
on the comprehensive development of the young personality.
Highschool, the final level of general educational system has a great mission in
implementing educational objectives - “The objectives of the education and training
Vietnamese people are to have the comprehensive development with morals, knowledge,
health, aesthetics and professional career, the loyalty with the ideal of national independence
and socialism, forming and nuturing the citizens’ virtues and abilities to meet the requirement
of building and protecting the country” (Education Law 2011, National Political Publishing
House, Hanoi). Especially, at this school level, the target is to train out teenagers from the age
of 16 to 18 to acquire a solid comprehensive common knowledge, ethics, system of necessary
abilities to prepare for life. In fact, however, the massive development in scale, and number of
high school students in recent years is not proportional to the quality of cultural and ethical
quality. There are manifestations of the moral degradation of the high school students. This is
an issue being addressed by the Education – Training sector and the whole society.
Moral education for students becomes an extremely important mission, especially in

the real life knowledge, not unreal and impractical concept
(http:/vnexpress.net/detail/print?id=2912608&page=1)
According to mass media, the Ministry of education and training has plans to organize
conference and seminars on the moral education at national level so that they can have ground
for the improvement and renovation for the program.

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From the direction by the state leaders, the worries/ concens of the schools and society,
the suggestion by the students, the plan of renovation of MOET and the demand by the social
development, the intergration and globalization, there must be more studies on moral
education and solution as well. Which these main reason, we have decided to choose the
topic: “Linking the school, family and society in enhancing the moral education program
for high school students in HaNoi.” for the study.
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
In the time of globalization and intergration, the introduction and spread of Western
culture has created a very powerful wave to influence other cultures, especially the Eastern
culture, and Vietnam is an example of this phenomenon. Besides, the life of the industrial and
modern era makes people become more utilitarian which is the main cause for so many
changes of attitude and moral standards of Vietnamese in general and Hanoian in particular.
The age at high school from 16 to 18 years-old is affected much and quickly by this factor.
They are very sensitive and need to be educated to shape the behaviors and lifestyles, ethical
standards, the true value of human compassion and education. However, what they learn in
books is not enough. Educational programs in some case are not quite
flexible and interesting. Most of moral teachers in high schools are not very well-trained and
do not have high competency in teaching. Normally, head - teachers are responsible for this
subject. They teach this subject together with classroom activities on Monday. Therefore,
students do not see this as an important subject, more over documents and teaching methods
are rather poor. Thus, in the opinion of many people the moral education program in school is
not quite effective. In addition the moral education by the family is causing a lot of
controversy, parents in general try to put too much hope on their children related to academic

We do not answer these questions separately, but we will try to give comprehensive answer as
a whole through following chapters 15
1.3 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Linking the school, family and society in the implementation of moral education has a
positive impact on improving the quality of moral education for students (In the case of high
school students in HaNoi)
1.4 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research aims to find out the way of enhancing the linkage of the school, family and
society in the implementation of moral education, and the solutions will be beneficial for the
following objects:
1.4.1. For each student.
Understanding the nature of morality, principles, contents and ethical standards of the
Vietnamese people in the modern society, matching the requirements at their age, at the same
time understand the necessity to train themselves to meet the requirements of ethical
standards, having healthy and aesthetic lifestyles, deserving to become the country's future.
Having the right attitude of moral sentiments and social relationships. Have a clear
attitude towards the political morality in society.
Building habits of regularly practising ethical behavior, in behavior and in social
activity. Being self-aware of implementing ethical behaviors, obeying the convention of the
law and culture. Having healthy and pure lifestyle, showing the good status of the a student.
Actively fighting against the symptoms of depraveing and debauched lifestyle, selfishness,
pragmatism, indifferent to the problems of life, not thinking of the sacrifice and the loss of
their father's generation. Having academic training, scientific researching, working,
participating in social activities frequently and positively to prepare for the future career.
1.4.2. For the family
As there is only one or two children in almost present Vietnamese families, that
makes a favourable condition for the success of family education, contributing actively and

Government’s office, in Social organizations, the parents and relatives of students…The
research is done at 10 high schools, different offices and different families in HaNoi.
Method of collecting data and information:
- Interview whoever related to the research in the above school/ offices/families.
- Give questionnaires to them for their opinion/ comment.

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- Seminar with different groups for information.
As for the linkage of with the society, we just focus on the role, the responsibilities of
some major social organizations (Youth Union, Women’s Union, Trades Union, Professional
associations), Social Functions (Festival, Entertainment, Sport and cultural events) and some
other offices most related to the educating young generation (office of police, justice, mass
media…)
1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS
* Moral: Moral is a special form of social consciousness, expressed in the form of
principles, rules and standards to regulate human behaviors in relationships between human
and nature, between human to human.
* Moral education: A process of turning the system of moral standards, from external
demands of social for individuals, to internal demands of individuals, forming beliefs, needs
and habits of educational object.
* Management: The way of organizing control, impact of management subject to
management object in order to effectively achieve objectives set by the organization.
* Enhancing: Strengthening / making better of something which is in existence.
* Linkage: The connection also the co- operation between people/ organization/
countries in order to implement/ to achieve something
* Organization: A structure linking the individuals in a system in order to to achieve
the system’s objectives based on certain principles and rules.
* Coordinating: The impact on the object to create the targeting influence
relationship with consistency and focus to mobilize the combined strength of all the objects in
order to achieve the objectives.

rules and standards to regulate the behaviour of people in the relationships between human
and the nature and the society, human and human and with themselves.
Of course, morals is a form of consciousness that is always affected by the history, the
classes, and the ethnicity, associated with the evolution of the human race and the ethnicity,
morals is not only subjected to the provisions of the economic and the physical conditions, but

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also be affected by the social interaction, the interplayed of other social consciousness as law,
culture, education, custlimitoms
The basic categories, contents, and the concepts of morals can be summarized as
follows:
* The basic categories of morals exist and develop in the following opposite forms:
- Good and Bad
- Conscientious and Dishonest
- Responsible and Remiss
- Loyal and Disloyal, Disrespectful
- Glorious and Disgraceful
- Happy and Unfortunate
* The basic moral content:
- Affection for the people and country
- Passion and possitive attitude in working
- Sense of collectiveness, community, solidarity, descipline
- Humanism
- International consciousness in the new era
- Civilised lifestyle
* The possitive behaviour:
- Righteousness and Honesty
- The Principle and Steadfastness
- Modesty and Politeness
- Generosity and Delicateness

the society in which students participate in have the educational impact on students. These can
be combined in order to strengthen and support the moral education. If not combined properly
these can conflict, disable and weaken the result of moral education. Thus moral education is
only effective when educators have the ability to organize and make efficient educational
measures in order to achieve educational goals.

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According to Professor – Dr. Ha Nhat Thang "Educating the humanistic moral value
system is a process of organizing educational activities in many ways, many measures to help
people understand the standard moral system that suit the demand of the social development
and to help people in self-assessment, having the need to carry out those standards. This value
system orients and regulates the behavior of people, because education with self possitive
activities, people increasingly understand the role of the sense of conscience, individual honor
and personal ethics in public, and they train themselves towards the true value, make the
standard moral system from the external into the internal demands such as individual belief,
need, and habit of the educated person" (Ha Nhat Thang (9/96 page 8). Home-teacher with
managing the education of the high school students in new condition).
Figure 2.1: The content of moral education 22
The moral education carries out the curriculum which aims to develop students in the
6 domains of (i) Self-awareness and mastery, (ii) moral development, (iii) education and
career planning, (iv) citizenship development, (v) life roles management and (vi) leadership
development. The programme complements and supports the Student Development
department's aim to develop passionate and innovative individuals who can serve the
community with empathy, integrity and responsibility.
2.3 THE CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT
There are many different concepts of management but all refer to the nature of
management activites. That is how to organize the controls and impact of management subject

of management

Aim of
management

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2.4 THE CONCEPT OF ENHANCING
Enhancing generally means the strengthening, improving or making something better.
In this study, enhancing means the strengthening of the linkage and the co-operation between
the school with the family and society in the moral education for high school students. In
reality, the linkage between the school with the family and society is already in existence and
always a key factor in moral education. Therefore, how to enhance this linkage must be taken
into consideration in order to achieve better objectives in moral education.
2.5 THE CONCEPT OF THE LINKAGE
Linkage is understood as the collaboration among the people, organization,
countries… in order to implement certain tasks. In this study, it refers to the collaboration and
also the connection, the exchange of information and procedures between the school with the
family and society in moral education for high school students. The linkage is manifested and
realized in different ways, but in this study, we only deal with the most common way of
linkage- that is the working together between school with the family and society for fostering
new generation.
2.6 THE LINKAGE OF THE SCHOOL, FAMILY AND SOCIETY IN THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF MORAL EDUCATION FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
IN HANOI
Linkage of the school with the family and society in moral education for students has
the impact on the object to create the targeting influence relationship with consistency and
focus to mobilize the combined strength of the school, the family and society in order to
achieve the objective.
EPSTEIN and her colleagues have conceptualized the relationships among school-
family- society as action strategies of parents, of the school and society that efficiently