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'EoO%1<.&7[7&
R?<&Nb'& =&,J13
K&.T/&<&op'/&'&`op
#W
+ = +
⇒ − + = − +
⇒ − = −
E E E E
E E E E
E E
E E
% %
% % % %
2 % 3 2% 3

⇒ − = −
⇒ − = −
⇒ =
⇒ =

u`
− −
= = =


?Z] ?Z]
Z^ ]
_
_
'

= =

?Z]
Z^ ]
_
9
− −
=


?Z] ?Z]
_
_
ovp
' 8&K&&&67.W

E E\?\ E\??
9-#$W
( )

n y −
o`=&zkp
9-#$&
Xr
n
n y −
r
n y n y t    − = − = −
o'=&zkpovp
u-#$@6#&
Xr
n
n y −
r
n y n y {    − = − − = −
o'=&zkp
' 8&0&2W

2
4(1 )x
wmrk
9-#$&

2
4(1 )x
wmrk
⇔ − =
2
2 (1 ) 6x


9#;<=>&
.*(/'A2A&AB:AC*(
DEF
 =

95&
G6,178199BA,'A2A&AB:A-
GHBA,")>(1)&A?


=

− <

, neáu 0
, neáu 0
a a
a
a a
ZFGHI*,X b!C!c!#
n
 
=
%AB&s&67h o.hw67dwddp
0&2W
n
h dn= = −
9-#$&
n
h dn= = −

o| d{p | d{− = −
9-#$@6#&
n
o| d{p | d{ d{ |− = − = −
9#;<=>&. I&J;
n
 =
C
>(1)&AB:A2-

%&%' ()*!+,#*-./*0*!1#%&!
y

 !"##$"
%ABD&Q&..&./'3}.&7&>.WRs$&./
)b'+&A.W
$1&./'a1f3KG.Tq3
#W
n n n n
 n n    − + = − +
1
( ) ( )
n n
   − = −
odp
e$1I6&&'2,W
( ) ( )
n n
   − = −
F,#W

d+=
un
d+=
u
d+=
sr|
d+=
dmr|
d+=


|r
d+=


|
n
ro
d+=
p
n
1dmr
n
pdo +=

dmr~0ud~
U97&,&&&&7.Wdpdmr0ud

0rdy
npdmrwo0udp

"#&*%&L&'(")&VB5S=

PF*(;3
(#+,9"#8&*(;;6K(>(1)&A -]

%&%' ()*!+,#*-./*0*!1#%&!
m

 !"##$"
95&^(47&_NIA\*$7
 &O$%(?`:a0(5S:*(;<
2
A
Qbb5<c?
2
A
QL(

EM;K1>"#2@
2
A
QPL(DEM;K1>2-
[FGHIdQ!I!eB.&K!
'?s&|{PKQD@&./h67dn{
xBW
2 H < 3
H <
+

E


E
E E
_
E _ E f
E
E

o'
H C < C H <≥ ≥ ≠\ \
p
`61H.&.&S•.&,BS
Fc$1H.&X.&v
%AB8&K&&&67ygoPKQhw67djtnp
xB&>.W
nk |y t dg {n
− + +
9-#$&
nk |y t dg {n |3y h3y t n3h tm3n
n y t y h n m n y dy n d| {
− + + = − + +
= − + + = − + =
9-#$@6#&
nk |y t dg {n |3y h3y t n3h tm3n
n y t y h n m n dy n y
− + + = − + +
= − + + = −
9#;<=>&
8de #;L&a?


t y | t y n | = = = = = = == + − − = − − = −

9-#$@6#&
`=&
k= ≥
3#W
( )
n
n
t y |
t y n t y n m
 = = =
= = = = = = =
= + − −
= + − − = + − =
%ABG&s&toPshjn{p
xB&>W
t
n |g` = =
=

= + −
9-#$&
n
t t
n |g n | t
n t | t m t ovp
=
` = = =
= =


= −

9-#$&
( )
n n
3
d dovp
1 = 1
1 =1 =1 1
= = =
`
1 1 1 1 1
1 1
= 1
= = =
1
1 1 1

− −
= − = − = −


= − = − − = −
9-#$@6#&
D,>}0,]W
k=1 ≥
€
k1 ≠
30[&-7W

1 1 =
1 =1
= =
`
1 1 1
1 1
1 =
= = =
1
1 1 1


= − = −



= − = − + − = −

`61W 2
k=

€1zk
d n
=
`
1
= −
'2
k=


=

− < ≥


G

+,"
k ≥
G
k ≥
5
( )
n
n
k=
 =
=  



= ⇔

= =


GiL(
k ≥
5jEF
 

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3
gd3nym h3 dm t3 | dn= = =
ovp
3
mny ny y y
dm n
| n
= = =
ovp
9-#$@6#&
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gd3nym gd3 nym h3dm d||
= = =
3
mny mny ny
dm |
dm
= =
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( )
n
y n t3 y n dy n
t
t
t
+ + +
= =

− +
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( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
n
n y d n y d n y d
n y d
ny d dn
y d
y d y d
y d
+ + +
+
= = = =


− +

N
( )
( )
( )
( )
n y d n y d
n
n y d
d

( )
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( )
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y { t y { t y { t y { t
y
n3 { h | |
n { t
n { t 3 { t
− − − − −
= = = =
− −
+
+ −
3
n d
t
n t


=
+
N 
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( )
n
n
n n n n
n h

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( )
( ) ( )
( )
n y d n y d
n y d
y d n
y d
y d y d
+ +
+
= = =


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( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
n
n
y n { t y n { t
y
3
n { t
n { t 3 n { t
n { t
y n { t

   


 

 
 
 
6
− −
= =
+
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= =
− −
 i'=&
k

'
h
|
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j
k#;<=>&
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   + = +

-
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GiK,L*(;9O7B(-
GH8"2(#;?
  


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( )
H  
H
 
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d d d d
d
d k
d n k
d d
d
d
ko p
d n k d
n
= = = =
=
=
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= =
=
=
= 
= = = =
=
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 
⇔ ⇔
 
− − =
− = −

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( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
t
t t
t
n
d d d d d d
d d k d n k d n k
= = = = = =
= = = = = = = =
− + = ⇔ − = − ⇔ − = −
⇔ − − − = ⇔ − − = ⇔ − − =
k=⇔ =
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d n t
k€ d€ n= = == = =
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k ≥
( )
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n
k=
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dm
z
d{
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pd{|otnp3d{ −<=


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t


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+
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=
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3
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7&#0u
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k10

w
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=
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H
H H
H H
H
+ =

=− =−
 
⇔ ⇔ ⇔

 
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E\?? E\??
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H H+ = +Z E
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H H H H H H2 H 3
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u>A &P&(;&<W

%&%' ()*!+,#*-./*0*!1#%&!
dm

 !"##$"
- ?,N,&E&A,>I#*3
- ?,N,&E&A,>

m
dk
m dk
m
=
=
= =
=
 ≤







≥ ⇔≥


>



U&A"$7,%W
0 dk

3
'E0,>&>#*W
d
X

> +


Q26W
d
d n
n
d n
=
=

− ≤ < −


> +


u>A &P&(&&&$7onpWQ&7
&'2"onp,N,&E&A0qk3

%&%' ()*!+,#*-./*0*!1#%&!
d{

 !"##$"
u.,#$@6#&
D&E&A"0W
n0 d kodp
n0 donp=
+ ≥


< −
 
> +



> +



`61&>X#*&W
d n=
> +
'_ 0.W
n n
t t= =
− + ≤

u.,#$&D&E&AW
n
t=

n n n n
n n
n n
n
t t t todp
t o tp k
tod tp konp
od tp kotp

=
=

− =


− − ≤


o`W
n
0 t≥
p

u.,#$@6#&
D&E&AW
n
t
t t
t
=
= =
=


≥ ⇔ ≥ ⇔

≤−





o`W
n
0 j t k

p

n
n
t
t d
t
t d
=
=
=
=





− ≥





− ≥

⇔ ⇔ ≥






≤ −

`61W
0 t€ n€ n3= == ± ≥ ≤ −
6&.V1$%&L6K(lQm"NK7_F-
'mn0Fog0;56%74%r({(%q|

'??Xr0
n
wt0uy3}&X'=&0≥nS
 u.,#$&
4 H N H O7
 
= − + ≥ ∀ ∈
 ÷
 
E
_ ?? ??
E Z Z
`61}&Xr
??
Z


< P H
= + +
'=&01„qk

9.,#$&K&.T0≥1≥„qk3
.1W0w„qk⇒1o0w„p≥„o0w„p
⇒01w1„u„
n
≥0„
?&&'20„W
< < P
P H H
− + ≥ ?
odp
}N#
H <
< H
+ ≥ E
onp
?odp'onpW
H < P
< P H
+ + ≥ _
}&X

rt⇔0r1r„3

9>A &Q&']'45
H < P→ →
&>X

4
H H
=
− +
E
?
f E\?^

u.,#$&VJX#T,8&9X#&]=$&M
:$3
#W0
n
wm0unkdhro0wtp
n
unkdk≥nkdk∀0∈x3
}&o0
n
wm0unkdhprnkdk⇔0rt3
`61}0Xr
H 7⇔ =
?
_
E\?\


%&%' ()*!+,#*-./*0*!1#%&!
nk

 !"##$"
u>A &1,7./.&676.&&\,]RX

}C.&(9 C'$"$,\W,%1#7
!51C..&7J./#T'M./+&9.&7J./#T'
M./193

u.,#$@6#&
#W0
n
wm0unkdhro0wtp
n
unkdk≥nkdk∀0∈x3P1W
4 C H O
H H
= > ∀ ∈
− +
E
?
\
f E\?^
3
F,#WX=$&'G&
4
?
:$⇔0
n
wm0unkdh:$3
}W}&o0
n
wm0unkdhprnkdk⇔0rt3
`61}0Xr
H 7⇔ =

&
|
⇒ = −


d
k
n
= + = ⇔
d
|

==

`61
d
&
|
= −



d
|
= −=

9-#$@6#&
=
0,]&
k= ≥

< < <
<
< < 7
H H H
 
− ≥ ⇒ + ≥
 ÷
 
 
− ≥ ⇒ + ≥
 ÷
 
E
E
E
E
E
E
? ?
\ E
? ?
\ E
}N'0qk€1qk9.1W
H <
H < 7 7 7
< H < H
 
 
+ + ≥ =
 ÷

 
= + + = = = +
 ÷
 ÷  ÷
 ÷
 
   
 
E
E
E E E E E E
E E
E E E E
? ? ? ? ? ?
}N#W
H< H<
H< H< H<
 
+ = + +
 ÷
 
? ? ?[
?f ?f
odp
…7 !$,\?1#W
H< 7 H<7
H< H<
+ ≥ =
? ? ?
E

Ey^
?f
&'G&W

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nn

 !"##$"
H <
H <
H<
H<
=


⇔ = =

=


?
?
E
?f
o:%
H <+ = ?
p
6&
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0,]&]"&2,>$,\;

nt

 !"##$"
,"&2)7&#,(#85& '61.L#&E.&$1
#7(&213
D>J$ @1'&B7.&B67
<&&'&97&‰&27&#777& @1+"/
&2).&'J1(/&&@&&2'.&3
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 !"##$"
&,%/C1.&(".&-C7&85
$9@,#&,&7J,&>=&'#7(&21.'=&
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.&,>,#,]=',,=&&512)&A77C
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".&5,#&'&9#>&&512'$,E.&C7&
c&>3U&&4,./&67&9&>5' !,>H
#>+‰I"3
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#:&&2.#'&2123
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/'#$I.3
*QH> J:


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