VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
LE THI HOA
The novelistic artistic features of Laotian writer
Suvanthon Bupphanuvong
Major: Literary theory
Major code: 62 22 01 20
SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS
Hanoi - 2014
The work was completed in Graduate academy of
socical sciences – Vietnam academy of social sciences.
Name of supervior: Prof. Dr. Nguyen Duc Ninh
Critic 1 : Prof. Dr. Tran Dang Suyen
Hanoi National University of Education
Critic 2 : Assoc. Dr. Truong Dang Dung
Literature Faculty, Graduate Academy of Social
Sciences
Critic 3 : Assoc. Dr. Pham Thanh Hung
University of Social Sciences and Humanities in
Hanoi
INTRODUCTION
1. The significance of the subject
1.1. Vietnam and Laos, two adjacent countries on the
Indochinese peninsula, has many relationships with each other
in history. However, research Laotian literature, especially
Laotian modern literature in Vietnam and other countries in
the world still meager. Appearance of Laotian modern
literature have not been studied in depth by Vietnamese
scientists. From the fact that the literary discipline of Vietnam,
we boldly chose the novel compositions of Suvanthon
Bupphanuvong - a writer of prose fit for study, to elucidate

the theory of treasures modern novel, a genre still in the
process of development rich.
2.2. Based on the theory of the modern novel, thesis tasks
are analysis and evaluation of novel compositions of
Suvanthon on the various aspects of poetic fiction. Since then,
systematize the characteristics which makes stylish, nuanced
novel of Suvanthon
3. Limit of research issues
3.1. Scope writing
In total of five novels of writers Suvanthon
Bupphanuvong include: Reminiscing (2 volumes), Two sisters
(3 volumes), Battalion Two (4 volumes), Two by the river (2
volumes), Daughter of the Party (2 volumes), two novels have
been translated into Vietnamese Two sisters novels and Two
Battalion novels. We directly examine these works in both
Vietnamese and Laotian. In addition, we also examine some
Laotian novels of other writers to compare and contrast with
Suvanthon novels.
3.2. Scope of the research
The thesis will focus on three main aspects of the art of
fiction writers Suvanthon include: Typical arts organizations
and events; Typical space and time art; Typical language arts
and narrative methods.
4. Research Methodology
In the process of conducting research topics, we use
research methods such as implementation approach learning,
method type, method of interdisciplinary research, method
comparisons, analysis, total right to highlight the
characteristics of the fiction art of writing Suvanthon.
5. New contributions of the thesis

Chapter 4: Features of language arts and modes of narrative in
the novel of Suvanthon
Chapter 1: OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES
1.1. The modern novel in Laotian literature
1.1.1. Theory of the novel
The novel is a genre still flexible, pliable and does not
seem to be framed in the narrow normative order as a number
of other genres. In the history of the genre, the novel had been
aware from many different angles. The perception that reflects
the level of development of the novel itself. And on the other
hand, the perception is also the novel's conception, the
Convention institutions, react to the development of novel
creates characteristic of the genre
1.1.2. Laos modern novel and the basic characteristics
Novel advent of modern Laos derived from the demand
itself, internally, from the need to reflect the liberation
struggle of the peoples, yet to be fully prepared theoretically
or less influenced by the external factors.
Although, at the beginning of the 60s of XX century, the
theoretical premise of Marxist literature and art - Lenin started
gaining popularity in the liberated areas, but only in a certain
extent, the content of the concept unexplained deep, was
simple and brief. However, Since 1954 Geneva Agreements
on Indochina was signed, the Lao revolutionary forces are
concentrated in two provinces Sam Nua and Phan Sa Li
leaning against North Vietnam and China, Lao literature have
conditions exchange exposure literature neighboring countries,
the region and the literary world. Many students, students,
officials and soldiers from the Lao liberation overseas training,
study and exchange in various fields of science, education,

novel as in other literature. Realising the war against the
United States was not exciting waiting on novel concepts. The
novel compositions respectively born in Laos for more than
two decades 70, 80 of the twentieth century is the experience
of the pen used to live, study and absorb the category theory
point of view in Vietnam, in France, in Russia.
However, real life and literary traditions and ethnicity
were defined process to acquire dominant literary East - West
in Laotian modern fiction. The basic features of the Laotian
novel can be generalized in some respects follows:
In terms of topics and subjects. Launched into reality
and grasping flames of the struggle for national liberation, the
subject of the Laotan novel is the subject of Revolutionary
Struggle. Just as the story works, letters, writing novels Laos
focuses on two wars against the French and Americans. If the
novel before 1975 reflect only stopped a typical historical
events, a typical fate of society, the novel after 1975 scale
reflects a broader, simultaneously, the work reflects many
significant historical events in time and large space, with more
prolonged fate, intertwined life scenarios. Work so much at
the same time reflect the theme; variety of topics, ideas
contained in a certain holistic art
However, the exploitation of the reality of the life
segment, Laotian novel is based primarily on the traditional
concept. The folk philosophy with good wins evil, sage having
fresh for life phenomena in the match, in contrast, have
limited cognitive processes, reflect reality. Reality is
perceived, even simple reflection, not seeing the complex
diversity of its multifold.
In terms of structural work, Laotian people often prefer

language through the use of non-narrative style venues, the
monologue and song melody of language (such as Baby Si
novel of Khamlieng, Two Sisters novel of Suvanthon), the
main characteristics of the language in the Laotian modern
novel is to bring more language media properties. This stems
from the life circumstances and tasks of the genre in literature
patriotism. Press nature makes novel natural language of
statistics, descriptions that are not portrayed the character's
personality.
We can say, Laotian novel, right from its inception was
right in tune with the mission, new content and nature of
literature. Tasks, new content and nature that is, the novelist to
portray reality honestly, in particular, describes the history of
the development a reality. And so, the task of the novelist
discovers reality in tomorrow's reality today, to define the
nature of social life and the laws of its development objective ,
to foster patriotism, love of socialism, imbued with
revolutionary belief in love and the dream of a bright future of
the country. This has characterized the dominant poetic genre.
The synthesis between the ideal and the reality. Laotian
novels was born in environments folklore is primarily a
literature valuing ideal, spiritual life seriously, respect the
community relations. Lofty ideals of the past, just have a solid
basis in the working masses and poor patriot, in the temples,
has not yet been individualist capitalism make tomorrow a
new heroes were present now acquire and improve on the
basis of a new world, Marxist worldview. Two wars against
colonialism and imperialism has brought the ideal of ethnic
patriotism to a whole new level. In addition, in view of the
direction of the Laotian People's Revolutionary Party of

Laotian modern prose in Vietnam, Laos, and in some
countries of the world is no less. However, in most of the
works are of interest to study some basic content of modern
prose: history underlying problem - society, the way of
formation and development, threads, threads, the iconic
character. Only very few studies or articles published in
journals with the exploration and discovery of specific forms
and genres. As for the novel, the typical Laotian art of fiction
and general fiction Suvanthon particular, is still a new issue,
although some have questioned the study's novel Suvanthon,
new song only mention one or two aspects of the work of art.
The problem poetics of the genre, style characteristic problems
of the writer or the art of the typical aspects of his work has
not been studied in-depth, so there are theoretical
generalizations about Laotian novel characteristics as well as
the characteristics art in Suvanthon novel. However, all the
research scholars are ahead of theoretical basis and practical
for us to implement theoretical aspects of the fiction art of
writers Suvanthon.
Chapter 2: Features of organizations and
events in the novel of Suvanthon
2.1. Features of the character organization art in
Suvanthons novel
2.1.1. Classification of the characters under ideal society
Is the definition of characters based on ideological
aspects, ie relations with society's ideal writer. Characters are
divided into two categories: a hero and villain. The main
character area known as positive character, is the moral
character, lofty ideal, represents the views of positive thinking
writer. When a hero meaningful standards for a class, class,

the villain in a work of art intended to confirm quality writer's
extraordinary heroes - soldiers in opposition to the mediocrity
of the hostile forces.
2.1.2. Art building character heroes - soldiers
2.1.2.1. Legend of the character's ability
By a combination of realism and romance, Suvanthon has
created color legend in the compositions when described
heroic feats of character. Pen of the writer in describing the
battle as unwholesome, refreshing character of the war. The
heroes - soldiers under his pen bearing the appearance of the
skin at the iron his valiant, invincible, divine strength can spell
sudden impulse between the enemy full of tanks, cannons to
win.
Not only is represented in online games, the main
characters in the novel of Suvanthon are always an potential
extraordinary ability in all situations, especially in situations
passive, isolated besieged least power extraordinary character
to shine like never before.
Description brave actions of the characters, writers have
proven that lofty ideal revolutionary and profound hatred for
the enemy has cornered the will, the passion of the heroes
focus on the one side and to give them an extraordinary
power. Characters in novels of Suvanthon are so beauty
romantic revolutionary, a beauty rooted in reality, closely
associated with a profound realization basis. That is the nature
of true romance does not sugarcoat reality, it is associated with
cognitive heroic nature of life, describing life in the movement
for future development. Themselves living facility for the
realization of the ideal and ideal for illuminating the meaning
of struggle.

represents physical strength and community spirit of the
nation, the heroes - soldiers in the novel Suvanthon also
shining beauty of virtue, the soul All This is manifested in
behavior, lifestyle and noble deeds of the characters.
In many works, to portray the beauty of the character
qualities writer especially interested in depicting chivalrous
spirit of the warrior.
By combining depict beauty and personality of the
character, and character portraits heroes - soldiers in many
novels of Suvanthon is now apparent to all beauty integrity.
When portrays beauty and personality of the characters,
Suvanthon often let characters reveal themselves or through
another character's point of view. So the beauty ideal of
characters is subjective and deeply value realization.
2.1.2.3. Put characters in many multi-dimensional
relationship
Qualities of the hero - warrior of Suvanthon novel is
usually expressed as two basic relationship is the relationship
between the hero and his party people and the relationship
between the hero for guys revenge.
In relation to teammates and people, characters is the
collective conscious, closely linked with the masses.
Collective spirit of the hero is to explain the concept of life
and fight for the people and have to rely on people to live and
fight, that's the concept put the interests of ethnic communities
on the benefits personal interests. And thus, the character
always had absolute faith in the people and the nation, in the
inevitable triumph of justice.
If the love that characters for the team and the people
how much bigger the character's hatred for the greater enemy.

leading to a perfect, flawless. There has expressed an
indispensable principle of the just war, has shown that
aspiration, optimism of the masses, deeply rooted vision folk,
folk philosophy.
2.2.3. Artistic penmanship event organization
* Ability to convey a broad and large event space in each unit
of work.
From the real historical events, the author has connected
series of events that occur repeatedly in the course of
implementing the plot. Each event after event has ever larger,
more aggressive level. These events are not only historical
events large events, of a great nation, but at the same time, it
also affects and can affect the destiny of the peoples of
Southeast Asia. By a large reproduction events, historical
events of a revolutionary way to much loss sacrificed writer
inspiration reveals clear history, one of the major inspirations
epic.
* Describe penmanship
With penmanship events depicted through art image, at
the same time, the writer has done both task: just hold on to
the historic event just generalize the history of an era, that is
just generalize Lao revolutionary struggle by art, by art
imagery, has recorded the most dynamic features, the most
specific of the historical events took place in the last two wars.
So the writer is considered "loyal secretary of the times", is
written "Annals" by Lao art image.
Chapter 3: Features of space and time in the
novel of Suvanthon
3.1. Artistic space in the novel of Suvanthon
Suvanthon novel direction to reflect major events, the

plane may help writers expand the boundaries to the maximum
width of space . So the space plane is also a form of public
space is reflected in the choice of Suvanthon in his work.
In addition to online space, space plane, the writer also
uses spatial points. In Suvanthon novels, is always space to
stretch band but always comes from a certain space, a place to
carry out the various spatial domain, create a public space
diaphragmatic coated.
We can view the public space as an artistic counterpoint in
the a writer to build the character enormity.
3.1.2. The battlefield space
The rich realization of the liberation struggle in Laos is
felt not only Suvanthon length in the historical time, but also
the width, depth in the space history. Iconic characters directly
involved in the historical events are subject to explore and
reflect mainly in the works. Thus, the battle space is exploited
writer with new qualities, space combat not only as a backdrop
for the action nuanced epic, epic new style of the era, but also
recreate the feel inspired historical epic, which is space writer
portrayed in many media, can feel with all the senses.
If public space is an artistic counterpoint accommodate the
enormity of the hero, the battlefield space re-affirmed
functional hero qualities of the characters. Describing the epic
space battlefield, fierce tension Suvanthon novel is derived
from artistic intentions of the writer, in fact it is the
preparation of the necessary conditions for the appearance of
the image new, iconic people in the struggle to build and
protect the country.
3.1.3. Natural space
The nature space in the novel of Suvanthon quite diverse,

to compare with "this", from which "attributed to" the
problems of the times, movement direction of society. Two
faces, past and present is expressed through many different
contents, make some familiar motifs such as motif before
poverty, injustice - this happy, fair; before the main motif -
after strong. This feature is quite familiar in the novel Vietnam
period 1945 - 1975, this stems from the similarities in terms of
social history, and also explain in part the impact, of the
receptive Suvanthon office during the construction works.
3.2.3. Time trials and hope
Reflecting the reality of life in the war years with many
hardships, time in Suvanthon novel is not merely time events,
meaningful time with attribution matching, but also the time
probation hearts.
Firstly, time means to challenge the courage, resource
wise warrior, which is more time-style disaster, danger, strong
pressure, forcing characters to act.
War of Independence incredibly arduous and long term is
a major challenge of the human heart. Time, thus becoming
the measure of the love and faithfulness of the couple love
each other, as long, as the quality radiant characters by "time-
like image of a deity bearing function tests challenges of
human qualities "
Chapter 4: Features of language arts and
modes of narrative in the novel of
Suvanthon.
4.1. Characteristics of art language in the novel of
Suvanthon
4.1.1. Colorful folklore and Buddhist in novel language of
Suvanthon

Buddhism is one of the manifestations of ethnicity in
Suvanthon novels.
4.1.2. The language of dialogue, monologue and double
tone language in the novels of Suvanthon
* Language Conversation
Conversation Reflects soul, personality
In Suvanthon novel, dialogue language, first of all,
contributing to portray the hero - warrior, the ideal of the
nation. The beauty of virtue, talent and their strength is not
only expressed through language dialogue between them and
the team and the people that are expressed through the
language of dialogue between them and the enemy. In the first
case, language becomes the means of dialogue transporting art
of deep emotions, expressing concern, caring attitude and love
close military and civilians as fish to water. Sentiment _ also
expressed in the sensitive, always think for people. In the
second case, the language of dialogue becomes a sharp
weapon capable of defeating opponents.
For the reactionary forces minions, language dialogue
become powerful vehicles of writers in potrayed and expose
their nature. Stems from the nature of the spirit of equality,
language dialogue has a special advantage in reflecting the
social conflicts. We can say, without a word means which is
capable of showing the sharpest conflicts in the language of
social dialogue. Through dialogue with the spirit of equality,
figures show conditions outside all what he wanted to
persuade or attempt to overwhelm the enemy. Since then, the
nature of the relationship and the soul of his personality are
revealed clearly. Perhaps so, in Suvanthon novel, portrayed as
the villain, writers often focus pull of language amplitude of

optimism. It also is the key to decoding the awareness,
enlightenment of the characters about life, love and the ideal.
Language inner monologue of a hero, villain or characters
intermediate in the novel of Suvanthon express the
characteristic of the world between the different forces in the
social mode together. It is a new contribution and significant
background Suvanthon modern prose fledgling Laos. It not
only marked a renewed interest for the main character but also
provides a comprehensive guide to the exploitation of new
villains and characters with complex inner.
* The double tone language
The double tone of language in Suvanthon novel is not
texture and implied variety, complexity of the Western novel.
Up but tune in Suvanthon language novels mainly manifested
some signs of innovation, innovation in works of art such as
the ability to shift the point of view of the characters of the
narrative, with the point of view 's narrative coincides with the
point of view of characters, the language of the narrative
becomes the character's language and vice versa. And then,
between the narrative and the characters speak a common
language to show empathy, intimacy.
Use words with double tone is one of the features
contributing to the success of the record Suvanthon entering a
whole new genre - novels - in which ethnic literature and
poetry just dance . This factor represents the innovation and
creativity of writers on the path construction and development
of modern prose Laos generally and genre fiction in particular.
4.2. The method of narrative in the novel of Suvanthon
4.2.1. Narrative point of view in the novel of Suvanthon
Point of view is one of the leading elements of artistic

based on the writer's point of ethnic communities to recognize
and assess the phenomenon. In Suvanthon novel, viewpoint
assessment of the main narrative is the view of the labor
masses.
Point of view assessment - emotions in the novel of
Suvanthon also reflected in attitudes, feelings, emotions of the
character in the work that represents the attitude of
enlightened awareness, manifested through characters' point of
view mainly intermediate characters. The character, originally
active in the governmentof opposition, gradually, due to the
contact with the team brothers, guerrillas, should be
enlightened, have proper awareness about the reality of life
and future.
4.2.2. The level of narration in the novel of Suvanthon
Suvanthon novels favor depict events, plot sequences
events happened in consecutive event, narrative time is not
limited, so in his works, we often encounter lengthy depictions
extended details, it is the way we call "delayed epic". The aim
is to describe meticulous, thorough, additional content,
remove temporary climax, prolonging suspense In addition,
there is also an important language elements, is the
contribution great writers in the process of formation and
development of novel in Laos that expression first base, is in
its ability to prolong the story of writer of novels Suvanthon so
long winded is considered in this epic novel The battalion two
is considered the most typical novel for his style. As of
monumental epic novel of Suvanthon is in place, work can just
describe the time-long event with a series of events important
events taking place in succession repeatedly, but you can also
repressed events in a certain time period to describe

reappear in his writers work through many different artistic
counterpoint based on the sequence of events, characters were
screened from many different angles: language language,
actions, attitudes, thoughts, relationships past events,
creating a structured format. So iconic character that is both
valuable ideal medium profound reality.
Different from the characters in the novels of writers
Khamlieng inclined to think, monologues, characters in
Suvanthon novels are human action. From start to finish the
work, the characters are aggressively working to fight, move
from one place to another associated with a particular task in a
particular historical event. Plot structure so that a continuous
chain of events, the story line changes according to the annals
of history. However, the reader does not see the boring
monotony by writers deftly manipulate that measures various
arts organizations in the plot, in which the events portrayed
through the character became iconic a typical legal writing and
success in all the work. Thereby the iconic character portrayed
clarity and realism paintings also come alive.
3. Together with the characters and events, space and time
in the work is the important factor is indispensable to form the
plot, as well as the signals necessary art style is characterized
by the documents. In Suvanthon novels, each time signal
space in the landmark works are marked important events in
the life of the characters, the environment for action figures,
reveal personality. Therefore it is significant and active
participation in structural character. The time signal, space as
a backdrop for the emergence of significant figures obtained in
the depth of ideological expression of the work comes from
the creative intent of the writer.