SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TỈNH KON TUM
ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG(2013-2014)
PHẦN 1- CHƯƠNG TRÌNH ÔN TẬP
(Thời lượng dự kiến: 04 tiết/tuần x 8 tuần = 32 tiết)
Số thứ tự Nội dung Ôn tập
Thời lượng
(tiết)
Ghi chú
1 Các thì Cơ bản trong tiếng Anh 3
Phần 1
2 Câu So sánh 2
3 Câu bị động 2
4 Câu Thuật lại 2
5 Câu điều kiện 2
6 Gerund/ Participles hay Infinitives 2
7 So that/ Such that/ Too to/ Enough to 2
8 Mệnh đề/ cụm từ chỉ Lý do 2
9 Mệnh đề quan hệ 2
10 Mạo từ 2
11 Giới từ chỉ nơi chốn, thời gian 2
12 Động từ/ tính từ đi với giới từ 2
13 Ngữ âm 2
14 Một số câu chức năng giao tiếp cơ bản 2
15 Kiểm tra thử và dự phòng 3 Phần 2
Lưu ý về việc phân bố thời gian: Học sinh phải học và làm bài tập trước tại nhà; Giáo viên chủ yếu chữa và
củng cố các điểm ngữ pháp trên lớp.
Dạng bài tập ở phần 1 nên soạn ở hình thức trắc nghiệm + tự luận. Các bài tập nên tập trung lấy từ Sách giáo
khoa và Sách bài tập.
Nên khuyến khích việc tự làm bài tập của học sinh.
Các chủ điểm Ngữ pháp có thể thay đổi về trình tự thời gian.
Đối với các bai fkieemr tra thử (Phần 2), giáo viên có thể download các đề thi tại địa chỉ

cruel, stupid, tired.
2. Cách thành lập hình thức so sánh hơn và nhất của tính từ và trạng từ:
• Ngắn vần: khi so sánh hơn ta thêm –ER, so sánh nhất ta thêm (the) –EST.
Ví dụ: She is taller than I . She is the tallest girl in my class
• Dài vần: khi so sánh hơn ta thêm MORE , so sánh nhất ta thêm (the) MOST
Ví dụ: She is more studious than I. She is the most studious girl in my class
Lưu ý: So sánh nhất của trạng từ không dùng THE
Ví dụ: She came earlier than I. She came earliest
She dances beautifully. She dances most beautifully.
3. Mẫu câu so sánh bằng:
S
1
+ V + as + adj/adv + as+ S
2
Chủ ngữ 1 + động từ + as + tính từ/trạng từ + as + Chủ ngữ 2
My house is as big as yours
He runs as fast as I (do).
4. Mẫu câu so sánh hơn
S + V +
more + adj/adv
than + S 2
adj-er/ adv-er
My house is bigger than yours
He runs faster than I (do).
5. Mẫu câu so sánh nhất
S + V +
the most + adj/adv
the adj-est/ adv-est
Nếu so sánh trạng từ thì ta không thêm THE
His house is the biggest in town (biggest là một tính từ nên có mạo từ THE)

11. I like geography__________ than biology. (GOOD)
12. Chemistry is__________ than physics. (EASY)
13. Rabbits run__________ than tortoises. (FAST)
14. Nam is bad at art but Minh is even__________. (BAD)
15. Lan is her________ sister. (OLD)
16. She can pronounce English words__________ than she could last term. (CORRECT)
17. The country is _________than the city. (QUIET)
18. In this class, the students are talking __________ than the teacher. (LOUD)
19. We shouldn’t be __________ on any subjects. (LAZY)
20. I can learn a subject __________ if I like it and __________ if I don’t like it. (GOOD/ BAD)
21. They are____________ than they used to be. (CARE)
22. Wool is _______________ than cotton. (RESILIENT)
23. Russian is _______________ language of all. (DIFFICULT)
24. This book is _______________ as that one. (INTEREST)
25. Walter Scott is____________ than Walter Brooks. (FAME)
26. The pears are____________ than the plums. (HARD)
27. The roses are____________ than the nasturtiums. (BEAUTTY)
28. The tomatoes are____________ as the apples. (EXPENSE)
29. My bicycle is____________ than yours. (NEW)
30. The front yard is____________ as the back yard. (BIG)
31. This map is _______________ than that one. (GOOD)
32. Her report is _______________ than ours. (ACCURATE)
33. Sarah is the ________________ girl in the class. (INTELLIGENT)
34. This is the _________________ book I have ever read. (GOOD)
35. That is the _________________ painting in the museum. (VALUE)
36. Yesterday was the ________________ day of the year. (HOT)
37. My father is as____________ as his father. (STRONG)
38. She is____________ than her sister. (PRETTY)
39. You are not as____________ as your brother. (TALL)
40. That has to be the____________ film I have seen. (INTEREST)

TÓM TẮT LÝ THUYẾT
1. GERUND: là một động từ thêm –ING có chức năng như một danh từ
a. Dùng trong các câu lệnh ngắn (không có tân ngữ ): No smoking, No fishing
b. Theo sau một giới từ: I am not keen on gambling
c. Theo sau các động từ chỉ tình cảm, yêu ghét, bắt đầu, kết thúc cụ thể: admit*
1
, anticipate*,
appresiate, avoid, consider*, defer, delay, deny*, detest, dislike, dread, enjoy, escape, excuse,
fancy*, finish, forgive, imagine*, involve, keep, loathe, mean*, mind, miss, pardon, postpone,
practise, prevent, propose*, recollect*, remember*, resent, resist, risk, save, stop, suggest*,
understand*
d. Sau một sở hữu tính từ : Sorry for my being late
Một số động từ theo sau có thể là Gerund hoặc Tân ngữ/ sở hữu tính từ + Gerund:dislike, gread,
fancy, involve, like, mean, mind. Propose, recollect, remember, resent, save, stop, suggest, understand,
approve/ disapprove of, insist on, it’s no good/ use, object to, there’s no point in, what’s the point of
He disliked ( me/my) working late
1
Các động từ có dấu sao (*) theo sau có thể là mệnh đề THAT
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He resented ( my/me) being promoted before him
2. INFINITIVE
2.1. BARE INFINITIVE: Là một động từ nguyên mẫu không TO
a. Dùng trong các câu lệnh (có tân ngữ): Do not touch the wires
b. Dùng sau các động từ khuyết thiếu: Would you mind giving me a hand ?
* Lưu ý: Sau USED TO, OUGHT TO, BE GOING TO, BE LIKELY TO, BE TO là Bare Infinitive.
Riêng NEED, DARE có thể là Bare hoặc Full infinitive.
c. Theo sau các động từ chỉ giác quan như see, hear, watch, smell, notice, observe
Did you see him go out ?
d. Theo sau các động từ let, make, have

I have never met him, to tell the truth
3. PARTICIPLES (PHÂN TỪ)
Về chức năng, Present participle chuyển tải nghĩa năng động (ĐANG) trong khi Past participle
chuyển tải nghĩa bị động (ĐƯỢC, BỊ)
a.Participle có chức năng như tính từ : Boiling water (nước đang sôi ) ; Boiled water (nước đã đun sôi)
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b. Participle kết hợp với BE hoặc HAVE để thành lập các thì tiếp diễn hoặc hoàn thành và cấu trúc bị
động
c.Present Participle được sử dụng sau go, come, be busy (chỉ các hoạt động thể chất, mua sắm ),
spend, waste ( chỉ sự tiêu tốn, lãng phí tiền bạc, thời gian)
They are going riding/ fishing/ skiing
He spends two hours (a day) learning French
She was busy collecting flowers
d. Participle dùng để rút gọn một mệnh đề
He rode away. He whistled as he went

Riding away,He whistled as he went (He rode away
whistling).
e.Pariticiple dùng để thay thế (rút gọn) hành động thứ hai khi hành động thứ hai là một phần hoặc kết
quả của mệnh đề thứ nhất.
He went out, slamming the door.
f. Dùng để thay thế một mệnh đề phụ (as, since, because )
Knowing that he wouldn’t be able to buy food on his journey, he took large supplies with him = As
he knew that he wouldn’t
Having been bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog up =
Because he had been bitten twice,
4. Một số phân biệt (Gerund – Infinitive; Infinitive – Participle; Bare/Full infinitive)
GERUND or INFINITIVE ?
Sự gây nhầm lẫn giữa hai từ loại trên thường được xuất hiện sau một số động từ thường. Các động từ gây

She smelt something burning and saw the smoke rising (Cô ta ngửi thấy mùi gì đang cháy và thấy
khói (đang) bốc lên.)
4.2.2. Trong cấu trúc nhờ ai làm gì. Động từ theo sau HAVE có 2 trường hợp
I will have him repair my car (To have someone do something )
I will have my car repaired (To have something done)
BARE or FULL INFINITIVE ?
Sau HELP He helped us (to) push it
Khi 2 infinitive được nối với nhau bằng liên từ AND, to ở infinitive thứ hai thường được bỏ đi
I want you to stand beside me and (to) hold the torch
PHẦN BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
Loại bài tập 1 (Trắc nghiệm khách quan): Chọn từ trong ngoặc
1. I enjoy__________ alone (be/ being/ to be/ to habe been)
2. Would you like__________ to the party? (to come/ come/ coming/ to have come)
3. Do you mind__________ such a long way to work everyday? (to travel/ travel/ to have travelled/
travelling)
4. I don’t like that house. I would rather__________ there (live/ to live/ living/ to have lived)
5. I would love__________ to your wedding but it just isn’t possible (come/ to come/ coming/ to have
come)
6. Sometimes I’d like__________ to play the piano (learn/ to learn/ learning/ to have learnt)
7. Please remember__________ this letter (post/ to post/ posting/ to have posted)
8. We tried__________ the fire out but we were unsuccessful. We had to call the fire brigade (put/ to put/
putting/ to have put)
9. When you see John, remember__________ him my regards (to have given/ giving/ give/ to give)
10. Someone must have taken my bag. I clearly remember__________ it by the window and now it has gone
(leave/ leaving/ to leave/ to have left)
11. Jane needed some money. She tried__________ Harry but he couldn’t help her (to have asked/ ask/ to
ask/ asking)
12. He tried__________ the shelf but he wasn’t tall enough (reach/ reaching/ to reach/ to have reached)
13. Did you remember__________ Mary?- Oh no, I completely forgot (to phone/ phone/ to be phoning/ to
have phoned)

10. This book tells you how (win) a game without actually (cheat).
11. The gunman began (fire). He felt a bullet (graze) his cheek.
12. He heard the clock (strike) six and knew that it was time for him (get) up.
13. I can hear the bell (ring) but nobody seems (be coming) (open) the door.
14. Did you advise him (go) to the police ? ~ No, I didn’t like (give) an advice on such a difficult matter.
15. He wanted (put) my chameloen on a tartan rug and (watch) it (change) colour.
16. It is easy (see) animals on the road in daylight but sometimes at night it is very difficult (avoid) (hit)
them.
17. The fire seems (be) out. ~ It can’t be quite out. I can hear the wood (crackle).
18. I caught him (climb) over my wall. I asked him (explain) but he refused (say) anything, so in the end I
had (let) him (go).
19. When at last I succeeded in (convince) him that I wanted (get) home quickly he put his foot on the
accelerator and I felt the car (leap) forward.
20. I’m not used to (drive) on the left. ~ When you see someone else (do) it you’ll find it quite easy (do)
yourself.
Loại bài tập 3 (Tự luận): Viết lại câu sau cho tương đương về nghĩa với câu đã cho.
1. I dislike it when people criticize me unfairly.
 I object_________________________________________________
2. The film star wore dark glasses so that no one could recognize him.
 The film star avoided _________________________________________
3. “Stay here! I can’t let you go out tonight,” her mother said to Jane.
 Jane’s mother prevented ______________________________________
4. “You didn’t pay attention to what I said,” the teacher said to the boy.
 The teacher accused__________________________________________
5. “You should join the football team, Eric,” said the teacher.
 The teacher encouraged ______________________________________
Loại bài tập 4 (Tự luận): Viết lại câu sau cho tương đương về nghĩa với câu đã cho.
6. Don’t forget / give / book / back / Joe.
7. He / advised / me / not / drink / smoke / much.
8. John / congratulated / me / pass / final exam.

1. Tom wrote that letter.
A. That letter wrote by Tom B. That letter was wrote by Tom
C. That letter was written by Tom D. That letter written by Tom
2. Somebody cleans the room everyday.
A. Everyday is cleaned the room B. The room everyday is cleaned
C. The room is cleaned everyday D. The room cleaned everyday by somebody
3. They cancelled all flights because of the fog.
A. Because of the fog was cancelled all flights B. All flights because of the fog were cancelled
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C. All flights was cancelled because of the fog D. All flights wwere cancelled because of the fog
4. People don’t use this road very often
A. This road doesn’t use very often. B. Very often isn’t used this road.
C. This road isn’t used very often. D. This road is used very often.
5. Somebody accused me of stealing money.
A. Me was accused of stealing money by somebody.
B. Me was accused of stealing money.
C. I was accused of stealing money.
D. I of stealing money was accused by somebody.
6. How do people learn languages?
A. How do languages are learned? B. How are languages learnt?
B. How are people learned languages? D. How languages are learnt?
7. People warned us not to go alone
8. Somebody is using the computer at the moment
A. The computer is being used at the moment. B. At the moment is being used the computer
C. The computer is used at the moment D. The computer at the moment is being used
9. I didn’t realize that somebody was recording our conversation.
A. That somebody was recording our conversation wasn’t realized by me.
B. I didn’t realize that our conversation was being recorded.
C. That our conversation was being recorded wasn’t realized by me.

B. Next year’s congress is going to be held in San Francisco
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C. In San Francisco is going to be held next year’s congress
D. Next year’s congress is going to be holded in San Francisco.
18. They shouldn’t have played the football match in such bad weather.
A. The football match shouldn’t have been played in such bad weather.
B. The football match in such bad weather shouldn’t have been played.
C. In such bad weather shouldn’t have been played the football match by them.
D. In such bad weather they shouldn’t have been played the football match.
19. The bill includes service.
A. Service is included in the bill. B. Service is included by the bill.
C. Service is include in the bill. D. Service is include by the bill.
20. They have changed the date of the meeting.
A. The date of the meeting has been changed. B. The date of the meeting have been changed
C. The date has been changed of the meeting. D. The date have been changed of the meeting
21. Brian told me that somebody had attacked him in the street.
A. I was told that somebody had attacked Brian in the street.
B. Brian told me that he had been attacked in the street.
C. I was told that Brian had been attacked in the street.
D. All are correct
22. They didn’t offer Ann the job
A. Ann wasn’t offered the job B. The job wasn’t offered to Ann
C. Ann the job wasn’t offered D. All are correct
23. They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview.
A. You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview
B. A lot of questions at the interview will be asked by you
C. You a lot of questions will be asked at the interview
D. You a lot of questions at the interview will be asked
24. Nobody told me that George was ill.

A. It is expected that the government will lose the election.
B. That the government will lose the election is expected
C. The government is expected to lose the election
D. All are correct
31. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall
A. The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.
B. That the prisoner escaped by climbing over the was was thought
C. The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall
D. All are correct
32. They believe that the thieves got in through the kitchen window
A. It was believed that the thieves got in through the kitchen window
B. The thieves are believed to get in through the kitchen window
C. The thieves are believed to have got in through the kitchen window
D. All are correct
33. They report that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami.
A. It is reported that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami
B. Over 200,000 people are reported are reported to have been killed in the tsunami
C. That over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami is reported
D. All are correct
34. They say that three men were arrested after the explosion
A. Three men are said to have been arrested after the explosion
B. It is said that after the explosion was arrested three men
C. Three men are said to be arrested after the explosion
D. All are correct
35. The boys carried the box into the room.
A. The box was carried into the room by the boys B. The box into the room was carried by the boys
C. The box is carried into the room by the boys D. The box into the room is carried by the boys.
36. Tom bought that book yesterday.
A. That book yesterday was bought by Tom B. That book was bought by Tom yesterday
C. That book was bought yesterday by Tom D. That book was buyed yesterday by Tom

C. The children wasn’t looked after properly D. The children weren’t looked after properly
44. How many lessons are you going to learn next month?
A. How many lessons are going to be learnt next month?
B. How many are lessons going to be learnt next month?
C. How many lessons are being going to learn next month?
D. Are how many lessons going to be learnt next month?
45. She didn’t introduce me to her mother
A. Me wasn’t introduced to her mother by her B. I wasn’t introduced to her mother by her
C. Her mother wasn’t introduced to me by her D. B and C are correct
Loại bài tập 2 (Tự luận): Viết lại câu sau cho tương đương về nghĩa với câu đã cho.
1. We have made great progress in our economy in the last few years.
 Great progress ______________________________________
2. The workers are going to pull down that old building.
 That old building ______________________________________
3. You can’t buy anything nice in that shop.
 Nothing _____________________________________________
4. Without effort nothing can be gained.
 We_________________________________________________
5. They said he had left Paris secretly in his private car.
 He _________________________________________________
Loại bài tập 3 (Tự luận): Viết lại câu sau cho tương đương về nghĩa với câu đã cho.
1. Inflation / said / be getting / out / control.
2. All / decorating will / finished / by / weekend.
3. You / should have / car / look / the mechanic.
4. We / made / empty / our suitcases / the customs official.
5. It’s impossible / that plan / carried out.
The Sequence of Tenses
TÓM TẮT LÝ THUYẾT
Tenses Forms Uses Symbols
Simple

Sự việc khác thường lệ.
Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian
như now, at present, at the
moment, today, next
Simple
past
(Quá
khứ
đơn)
S + V
2
(hoặc V-ed)
S + didn’t + V-inf
DID + S + V-inf?
Thói quen trong quá khứ
hoặc Sự việc đã xảy ra
trong quá khứ có thời gian
cụ thể.
Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian
như last, in/ at + thời gian,
ago, when
Past
continuo
us (QK
tiếp
diễn)
S + be + V-ing
S + be + NOT + V-ing
Be + S + V-ing?
BE= was, were

during the last, yet, this is
the first time, so far, how
long
Past
Perfect
Quá khứ
hoàn
thành
S + had + V
3
/V-ed
S + had not + V
3
Had + S + V
3
?
Sự việc đã hoàn tất trước
một hành động khác trong
quá khứ.
By + thời gian ở quá khứ
Before/ After
No sooner + had + S + V3
than S + V2
Simple
Future
(Tương
lai đơn)
S + will + V-inf
S + won't + V-inf
Will + S + V-inf?

3. Nếu 1 hành động đang xảy ra thì có 1 hành động khác cắt ngang: hành động đang xảy ra
dùng HTTD hoặc QKTD; hành động cắt ngang dùng HTĐ hoặc QKĐ (tuỳ theo mốc thời
gian).
Ví dụ: The phone rang while she was cooking in the kitchen.
4. Nếu hai hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ không liên tiếp nhau: hành động xảy ra trước
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dùng QK hoàn thành; hành động xảy ra sau dùng QK đơn.
Ví dụ: After they had had dinner, they watched TV.
Sự phối hợp thì trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian:
Adverbial clauses of time : bắt đầu bằng các liên từ chỉ thời gian như: when, whenever,
before, after, since, as soon as, as, while, till, until, just as, no sooner…than, hardly…
when, as long as, etc.
Liên từ Mệnh đề phụ (trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian) Mệnh đề chính
+ simple present (thói quen)
+ present continuous (sự việc đang xảy ra/ cắt ngang)
+ present perfect ( sự việc đã hoàn tất)
Simple present
+ present perfect (sự việc đã hoàn tất)
+ simple present (sự việc sẽ hoàn tất tại một điểm thời
gian trong tương lai)
Future tenses (will or be
going to)
Past tenses:
+ nếu hai hành động xảy ra liên tiếp nhau: cả 2 dùng
quá khứ đơn.
+ nếu 2 hành động song song xảy ra: cả hai đều dùng
thì quá khứ tiếp diễn.
+ nếu 1 hành động đang xảy ra thì có 1 hành động khác
cắt ngang: hành động đang xảy ra dùng quá khứ tiếp

11. Mai____________ dinner when the light went out
A. has B. is having C. had D. was having
12. They haven’t received their bonuses____________.
A. just B. ago C. yet D. now
13. How long____________you____________ in Kon Tum?
A. lives B. do live C. have lived D. had lived
14. My mother____________ in a bookshop when she was young.
A. is working B. worked C. has worked D. was working
15. Someone____________ at the door. Can you answer it?
A. knocks B. is knocking C. has knocked D. knocked
16. John____________ at the moment, so he can’t answer the telephone.
A. works B. is working C. has worked D. will work
17. Old Ted____________ twenty cigarettes a day till he gave up.
A. had smoked B. has smoked C. smoked D. smokes
18. Michael____________ a word with Linda this morning.
A. has B. had C. has had D. had had
19. We cleaned up the room as soon as the guests____________.
A. had left B. has left C. left D. were leaving
20. Jane’s eyes are red. She____________.
A. cried B. has cried C. has been crying D. had cried
21. The concert____________ at 7:15.
A. starts B. is staring C. has started D. is going to start
22. Her family____________ to America before 1975.
A. went B. have gone C. had gone D. would go
23. I____________ my key. Can you help me look for it?
A. lose B. lost C. had lost D. have lost
24. I have learnt English____________ I was nine years old.
A. since B. for C. ago D. yet
25. I____________ him since I____________ a student.
A. know/am B. knew/ was C. have known/was D. knew/ have been

40. I____________ that I____________ how to use tenses now
A. think/ know B. am thinking/ know C. think/ am knowing D. thinks/ knows
PHẦN TỰ LUẬN
I. Supply the correct verb forms: The Simple Present Tense, the Present Continuous Tense or Present
Perfect:
1. Be quiet! The baby (sleep).
2. We seldom (eat) before 6.30.
3. Look! A man (run) after the train. He (want) to catch it.
4. The sun (set) in the West.
5. It (be) often hot in the summer.
6. I (do) an exercise on the present tenses at this moment and I (think) that I (know) how use it
7. My mother sometimes (buy) vegetables at this market.
8. It (be) very cold now.
9. It (rain) much in summer. It (rain) now.
10. Daisy (cook) some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook) in the morning.
II. Supply the correct forms: Present Tenses:
1. Listen! I (think) someone (knock) at the door.
2. Up to the present we (write) almost every lesson in the book.
3. The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days.
4. The farmer (work) in the field at the moment.
5. How many times you (see) him since he (go) to Edinburgh?
6. Rivers usually (flow) to the sea.
7. Look! The baby (cry).
8. Do you know that man who (smoke) over there?
9. Mrs. Green always (go) to work by bus?
10. We (be) from French. We (be) there for 20 years.
III. Supply the correct forms: Past Tenses:
1. Yesterday John (go) to the store before he (go) home.
2. Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970.
3. When John and I got to the theatre, the movie (start) already.

19. I dropped my pen when I (run) for the bus this morning.
20. When I (get) there yesterday afternoon, everybody had already gone home.
II. Rewrite the following sentences so that their meanings stay the same.
1. It’s ages since my sister was last here.
 My sister hasn’t ___________________________________
2. My father began smoking when he was eighteen.
 My father has _____________________________________
3. I haven’t spoken to her for two weeks.
 The last time _____________________________________
4. It’s the first time he has failed an exam.
 He has __________________________________________
5. How long have they been married?
 When ___________________________________________
III. Build sentences with the cues.
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1. I always talk / parents / before / make/ an important decision.
2. A survey / conducted / American and Chinese students / determine / attitudes / love and marriage.
3. Vinamilk / just / offered jobs / 27 members / Vietnam’s Women’s Football team.
4. Most / the football players / will / jobless / when / the Games / over.
5. It / Henry Davison / proposed / form / a federation of these National Societies.
Conditionals (Mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện)
 Thường bắt đầu bằng liên từ chỉ điều kiện như if, unless, provided that, once, as long as, on the
condition that (nếu, miễn là, với điều kiện là, trừ phi). Các liên từ này dùng để dẫn nhập các mệnh đề
phụ chỉ điều kiện
Ví dụ: If it is fine tomorrow, I will go for a picnic
 Nghĩa: Miễn là (if, provided that, on the condition that, as long as)
Trừ phi (unless)
 Có 3 loại câu điều kiện chính
 Câu điều kiện loại 1 (Conditional Type 1): dùng để chỉ một khả năng có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại:

 Một số lưu ý :
+ Khi viết lại một câu điều kiện (đặc biệt là loại 2, 3) ta phải
Lùi thì: Câu đã cho ở Hiện tại  câu Điều kiện viết lại ở Quá khứ.
Câu đã cho ở Quá khứ  câu ĐK viết lại Quá khứ hoàn thành.
Đổi thể Câu đã cho ở khẳng định  câu điều kiện ở phủ định (thêm NOT) hoặc trái nghĩa (ill 
not ill hoặc well).
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PHẦN BÀI TẬP
PHẦN BÀI TẬP TRẮC NGHIỆM
I. Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence:
1. If there____________ a good programme on TV tonight, I’ll watch it.
A. is B. was C. were D. had been
2. John wouldn’t miss his favourite program if he____________ a video recorder.
A. buys B. bought C. had bought D. didn’t buy
3. If I had known you were in hospital, I____________ to see you.
A. will go B. would go C. went D. would have gone
4. I could tell you what this means if I____________ Greek.
A. know B. will know C. knew D. would know
5. My family____________ to the beach for our holiday if we have enough money.
A. go B. will go C. would go D. would have gone
6. If I were offered the job, I think I____________ it.
A. will take B.would take C. would have taken D. took
7. I’ll send you some information if you____________ me your address.
A. will tell B. told C. tells D. tell
8. If I had a typewriter I____________ it myself.
A. typed B. would type C. has typed D. will typed
9. If Kate is late again, she____________ her job.
A. lose B. loses C. will lose D. would lose
10. If he worked more slowly he____________ so many mistakes.

A.as long as B.unless C.if D.whether
25. If I had had enough money, I____________ a new motobike.
A. would buy B. would have buy C. would have bought D. will buy
26. ____________ I find your passport , I will telephone you at once.
A. Till B. Unless C. Until D.If
27. Tom got to the station in time to catch his train. If he____________ the train, he____________ late for
his interview.
A. missed/would have been B. had missed/would be
C. missed/would be D. had missed/would have been
28. I’m sure Sue would understand____________ you explained the situation to her.
A. unless B. if C. when D. until
29. He wouldn’t have begun to learn Russian if he____________ the difficulty.
A. know B. knew C. has known D. had known
30. It’s good that you reminded me about Lan’s birthday. I____________ if she____________ me.
A. would forget/hadn’t reminded B. would have forgotten/didn’t remind
C. would forget/didn’t remind D. would have gorgotten/hadn’t reminded
31. You can use my book____________ you look after it carefully.
A. whether B. until C. unless D. as long as
32.Unfortunately, I didn’t have my address book with me when I was in New York. I____________ you a
postcard if I____________ your address.
A.would have sent/had had B.would have sent/had
C.would send/had D.would send/had had
33. If we____________ more rain now, our crop____________ faster.
A. have/ will grow B. had/ would grow
C. will have/ grow D. would have/ grew
34. ____________Tony rings, tell him I’m at Mary’ house.
A. whether B. if C.unless D. until
35. You don’t ask me. If you____________ me, I____________ it to you.
A. ask/ will explain B. asked/ would explain
C. will ask/ explain D. would ask/ explained

B. If Sarah studied hard, she wouldn’t hate school.
C. If Sarah liked school, she would study hard.
D. If Sarah studied hard, she would like school.
45. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the train can be rewritten as____________
A.If he had hurried, he wouldn’t have missed the train.
B. If he had hurried, he would have caught the train.
C. Had he hurried, he would have caught the train.
D. All are correct.
46. I can’t translate this. I don’t speak Korean can be rewritten as____________
A. If I didn’t speak Korean, I couldn’t translate this.
B. If I spoke Korean, I could translate this.
C. If I translated this, I could speak Korean.
D. If I didn’t translate this, I couldn’t speak Korean.
47. Prepare the lesson carefully or you will get bad marks can be rewritten as____________
A. If you don’t prepare the lesson carefully, you will get bad marks.
B. If you prepare the lesson carefully, you won’t get bad marks.
C. If you prepare the lesson carefully, you will get good marks.
D. All are correct.
48.He lost his job because he was late every day can be rewritten as____________
A.If he had been late every day, he would have lost his job.
B. If he hadn’t been late every day, he wouldn’t have lost his job.
C. If he hadn’t been late every day, he would have lost his job.
D. If he had been late every day, he wouldn’t have lost his job.
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49. He is tired. He works twelve hours a day can be rewritten as____________
A. He wouldn’t be tired if he didn’t work twelve hours a day.
B. He would be tired if he worked twelve hours a day.
C. He wouldn’t work twelve hours a day if he were tired.
D. He would work twelve hours a day if he weren’t tired.

 If_______________________________________________________________________
13. I wasn’t hungry, so I didn’t eat anything.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
14. The room would not be cold if they didn’t leave the door open.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
15. I didn’t know that Lam had to get up early, so I didn’t wake him.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
16. I did not get a taxi because I did not have any money on me.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
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17. Unless the thief had left his gloves at the scene, he wouldn’t have been arrested.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
18. I didn’t know you were coming to Hanoi. That’s I went on holiday.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
19. Unless you hurry up you will be late for the meeting.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
20. She walked to the meeting. She was late.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
21. The women didn’t say what she wanted. I put the phone down.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
22. They didn’t arrive in time. They didn’t see the ceremony.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
23. A bull was blocking the road, so we didn’t arrive on time.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
24. If you don’t send the application form on time, you won’t be allowed to take the entrance exam.
 Unless_______________________________________________________________________
25. They weren’t paying attention, so we didn’t see the sign marking their exit from the highway.
 If_______________________________________________________________________
26. Carol would have answered the phone if she hadn’t been studying.

The clauses and phrases of reason
(Mệnh đề và cụm từ chỉ lý do)
Hình thức :
1. The clause of reason: (Mệnh đề chỉ lý do) là mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng các liên từ Because, Since, As
(vì, bởi vì)
Because / since / as + a clause ( S + V )
E.g.: + Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
+ Since she hadn’t been in the rain for hours, she caught a cold.
2. The phrases of reason: (Cụm chỉ lý do ) là các cụm từ bắt đầu bằng các từ nối Because of (Vì, bởi
vì)
Because of + noun / noun phrase / V-ing(Gerund)
E.g.: + Because of his illness, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
+ Because of having been in the rain for hours, she caught a cold.
Qui tắc biến đổi câu từ Mệnh đề sang Cụm từ và ngược lại (áp dụng cho cả 02 loại mệnh đề
(Although ↔ In spite of/Despite; Because ↔Because of)
1. Nếu 2 vế cùng chủ ngữ: ta có thể rút gọn mệnh đề bằng cách bỏ chủ ngữ (sau Although/ Even
though) và lấy Vpp (câu bị động) hoặc V-ing (câu chủ động)
Ví dụ 1: Although she was ill, she still went to school
Despite being ill, she still went to school
Ví dụ 2: Although she was wounded, she refused to be taken to hospital.
In spite of (being) wounded, she refused to be taken to hospital.
2. Nếu sau Because/Although là be + adj/Noun, ta có thể rút gọn bằng cách chuyển Adj thành Noun
hoặc lấy Noun sau động từ to be đó
Ví dụ: Although it was rainy, the game still went on
In spite of the rain, the game still went on
3. Nếu sau Because/Although là V + Adv, ta có thể rút gọn bằng cách chuyển Adv thành Adj và
chuyển V thành Noun
Ví dụ: Although it rained heavily, she still went to school
In spite of the heavy rain, she still went to school
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