NGHIEN
CQU
NHO VE HOAT DONG
VIET SANG TAO
VA
MOT
VAI
UNG
DUNG
CUA
HOAT DONG VIET
SANG
TAG
TRONG
DAY VA HOC
NGOAI
NGQ
DO!
vol
NAM
THQ
NHAT
KHOA
ANH,
TRUONG OAl
HOC NGOAI
NGU -
DAI HOC
QUOC
GIA
HA

vie't. Len dai bgc
II luc
dc em cd dieu kien cung cd
lai
kien
tbfle
da bgc, thuc hanh dc ky nang tieng. Ddi vdi sinh
vidn
nam tbfl nhat,
mdn vie't la mot mdn
tuong
ddi khd vi dc em chua dugc thuc hanh
nhieu.
CIc
bai viet d phd thdng
hlu he't
chi dflng lai d cap do cau va
ehu yen dudi hinh tbfle viet cd hudng
din
(controlled and/or guided
writing) nhu: viet lai cau gifl nguyen
ngbia,
bay viet dung cau tfl
nhflng tfl va cum tfl cho
sin.
Muc dich cua nhflng bai tap viet nay chu
yeu la de
luyen
ngfl
phIp

- The' nao la viet
sing
tao
- Y
nghIa
cua vie't
sing
tao
- Viet sang tao khi nao
- CIc budc tie'n hanh mot bai viet
sing
tao
- Mot vai flng dung cua boat ddng viet
sing
tao trong day va hgc
dc mdn THT cho sinh vien nam tbfl nhat khoa Anh trudng ta.
II.
PHAN NOI DUNG
1.
Viet sang tao la gi?
Viet
sing
tao, hieu mot deb don gian nhat la boat ddng
sing
tao
ra mot bai viet, mot doan van, hay mot van
bin
bat ky, mang
dlu
an el

la cich
duy nhat de thdi hdn cudc song
vao
Idp hgc-ngoai
ngfl ma edn tao cho ngudi hgc ngoai ngfl nhflng
co
bdi thuc hanh tbfl vi, song ddng.
Vie't sang tao khdng phai la nhflng ddng viet khdng chu y
vl
vd
thflc ma ddi bdi su chinh
xlc,
chuan
tie
trong deb dung tfl ngfl va
hanh van.
Vie't sang tao khdng cd
nghia
la viet ve
bl't
cfl di gi hoac ta't ca
355
mgi tbfl ma nd cho phep chflng ta tap trung vao dc y tudng, deb thflc
va dang van
bin
van hgc cu the.
Vie't
sing
tao khdng hoan toan
nIm

thie't ke thi cau trfle va dc giai doan (stages) cua
qui
trinh viet la
bin
thie't ke' tdng the cua mot van
bin.
Vat lieu va
edng
cu de viet la ngfl
phIp,
tfl vung cung vdi but, giay,
miy
tinh, v.v ddng vai trd nhu
dl,
gach, gd vl cua, bua khi ta chuan bi
xay
nhl. De dung len dugc mot
ngdi nhl, ngudi thg xay can
phli
len ke hoach, tie'n hanh do dac, dung
khung
nhl, hoan
thanh pbin
thd, dgn dep va hoan thien. Tuong tu,
ngudi vie't cung phli lap ke hoach, vie't
nhip
cau, doan den d bai rdi
bien tap rdi chinh sfla neu
cIn
thie't.

sing
tie.
CI hai boat ddng nay deu giup nhflng ngudi thuc hien
phit
trien
dc ky nang, ky
xlo
quy
gil:
Ngudi vie't trau ddi vl hoan thien ky
nang vie't
sing
tao trong khi ngudi thg
xay
cung cd ky nang xay dung
cua minb.
Ndi tdm lai, viet sang tao la mot hinh thflc vie't ddi hoi kha nang
sing
tao cua mdi el nhan va nd bd trg cho dc ky nang ngdn ngfl khac
nhu dgc, ndi.
356
2.
Y
nghla
cua viec vie't sang tao
Ddi vdi ngudi bgc d dc dp do don gian, boat ddng nay giup hg
the hien dugc ban than thdng qua dc y tudng
sing
tao cua minb.
Thdng thudng, dc bai tap, dc nhiem vu (tasks) (se trinh bay d phan

can va hieu sau ban ve dc dang
bli
viet, tang eudng dc ky nang tranh
luan (debating skills) va tu duy
phe phIn
(critical thinking) rat
cIn
thie't trong dc chien luge (strategies) cung nhu qua trinh (procedure)
bgc tap.
3.
Viet sang tao khi nao?
Nhu chflng ta da biet, sinh vien hgc ngoai ngfl ndi chung, tieng
Anh ndi rieng, thudng
bit
dau bgc dc ky nang thuc hanh tieng nhu
ndi,
nghe, dgc, viet trudc. CIc ky nang nay cd the dugc hgc trong cung
mot quyen
gilo
trinh theo kieu xen ke (An intergrated-skills
coursebook) hay trong mdi quyen gilo trinh cd chu y
phat
trien tflng
ky nang rieng
le
(vi du: Listening I, Writing 1 ) Tuy vay, cd the
khang dinh rang ta khdng bao gid chi day mot ky nang THT trong mot
gid
Idn Idp
ma vln ket hgp dc ky nang vdi nhau, chi cd chu trgng

NCKH deu
yeu
du sinh vien llm
bIng
hinh thflc viet. Cd the ndi theo
dinh nghla thi tat d nhflng kieu viet tren deu mang tinh sang tao.
Nhu vay ta cd the'
thly
trong gid day va hgc ngoai ngfl, cd the'
khuyen khich sinh vien viet
sing
tao, vfla de' hgc tap va cung cd ky
nang vie't, vfla de
phIt
trien dc ky nang THT
khic.
4.
Cac budc thuc hanh viet sang tao
Morrissey (9) cho
ring,
gid'ng nhu mgi boat ddng viet thdng
thudng, vie't
sing
tao cung phli
trii
qua nhflng budc don gian cd ten
ggi nhu: kbdi ddng (starting up), vie't (writing), the' hien va phan bdi
(presenting and feedback).
Cd the coi vie't
sing

du cua tflng the loai viet
(writing genres), dac diem van phong, ngdn ngfl, dc thanh phan cua
mot
tic
pham hoan chinh.
Dudi day chung tdi trinh
biy
mot sd budc co ban de tie'n hanh mot
loai boat ddng viet
sing
tao: dd la viet truyen
ngln.
1/
Yeu du:
Ngudi hgc llm theo
yeu
du cu the cua giao vien: de tai, dd dai,
thdi gian cua tflng nhiem vu (task) v.v
2/
Chon chu de.
358
- Ngudi hgc ehgn chu de, gidi ban chu de.
- Chuan bi nhflng thanh td co ban: bdi dnh, nhan vat, cd't
truyen.v v
3/
Ban nhap:
- Dinh vi trinh tu cd't truyen
- Bat dau viet, phat buy tri tudng tugng.
4/
Viet lai:

Mexico "
5.2.
SCfdung
truyen tranh
- Md ta: Tren nen tranh anh cua mot
cau
chuyen, bdi thoai cd
trudc,
ngudi vie't sang tao ra cd't truyen
Idi
thoai mdi theo y cua minb.
Cd the xlo trdn vi
tri
dc tranh ne'u dn thiet.
- Y nghla: bd trg ky nang ndi, ren luyen ky nang mieu ta, sir dung
tfl
ndi, V V
- Minb boa:
359
Task: Look at the follwing set of pictures. Great another version
of
the
dialogue. (Unit 37, Language-to-go)
5.3. Viet
mdrgng
(expanded writing)
- Md tl: Gilo vien cd the
yeu
du mdi nhdm sinh vien dgc mot
doan van mieu tl so luge mot dia diem, hoac mot cau chuyen vln

pbIt
buy tri tudng tugng cua
minb de
sing
tao mot cau chuyen, mot doan van
holn
chinb v v
- Y nghla: ren luyen ky nang viet theo dinh hudng va kha nang
khai
thic,
sfl dung ngdn ngfl, tri tudng tugng cua ngudi bgc.
- Minb boa:
Task: Base on the 4 situations below, create a writing (an
imaginary story, a future prediction, a letter to your
friend,
etc). You
can start at any situation.
1.
A:
Ok. You really need some
money,
quyckly.
What would you sell?
B:
Well, I would certainly sell the television, but I wouldn 't sell
the stereo. I like music too much.
2.
A:
You win a lot of money. Would you buy a really expensive car?
B:

qui
trinh bgc tap, ren luyen kha
nang dm thu va sang tao thi ca (d mfle co
bin).
- Minb boa: Bai "The world water decade"- Concepts & comments
Task: Write a short "water" - poem.
5.6. Hoan thanh cau
- Md tl: Hoat ddng nhdm, vdi mot ve
cau
cho trudc, ngudi hgc
dugc
yeu
cau hoan thanh va ket hgp vdi nhflng
cau
khac trong nhdm
de'
tao
thinh
mot bai tho/ doan viet cd nghla.
- Y nghla: ren luyen ngfl
phIp,
each
sfl dung tfl vflng.
- Task (Jenkins, 2001))
1/
Work in group of 5
2/
Within 5 minutes, each member of the group completes the
phrase 'When I think of summer ' using one sense of perception
(sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch)

P
E
R
- Within 10 minutes, produce a short poem based on the stimulus
word,
(see example)
Why do people in public places
Have to lower their voices?
/s
it because they fear
Someone might overhear?
Perhaps But why do they bother?
Every word they try to conceal
jReaehes
us loud and clear.
5.8. Viet mieu ta/viet tudng thuat
Hoat ddng nay gid'ng vdi hinh thflc vie't mieu ta, tudng thuat
thudng thay d de gilo trinh day viet co ban. Tuy nhien gilo vien cd
the khai
thIc
nhieu chu de khac ngoai sach hoac tfl ngudn tranh anh,
bio
chi
362
PHAN KET LUAN
Tren day la mot sd ngbien cflu nhd ve viet
sing
tao vl vai flng
dung cua nd trong viec day va hgc de ky nang THT cho sinh vien
nam tbfl nhat khoa Anh. Ngbien cflu cho tha'y

Harris, J. (1993). Introducing writing. 1st ed., London Penguin
Group
2.
Joyce, H., & Feez, S. (2000). Creative writing skills. 1st ed.,
Aus:
Phoenix Education PTY Ltd.
3.
Maley, A., &
Duff,
A. (1988). Literature. 4tb ed., Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
4.
Raimes, A. (1983). Techniques in teaching
writing.lsi
ed.,
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
5.
Tribble, C. (1996). Writing. 1st ed. Oxford: Oxford University
Press
Website:
www.onestopengUsb/tefl
skills/writing minisa ga.htm.
6. Avoy, J. M. (n.d.). Controlled narrative
writing,
retrieved Oct
23,
2004, from
www.onestopenglish.eom
7.
Clandfield,

writing:
writing a story.
retrieved Oct
23,
2004, from
www.onestopengUsh.com
364