907
chuyifl
LTKIIIIIJM
H561D
f&uidti
kien
ON
THI
TOT NGHIEP
TRUNG
HOC PHO
THONG
(Tai ban,
Ian thuf
nhat,
theo
cau true
de
thi mdi
ThS.
TRl/dNG NGOC THdl|
HUdNG DAN ON THI TOT
NGHIEP
THPT
MON
LICH
•
THEO
CAU TRUC DE THI CUA
BO
GIAO DgC VA DAO TAO

TN
THPT
MON
LICH
SlT
ThS. TRl/dNG
NGQC
THCfl
Chiu trdch nhi^m
xudt
ban:
NGUYIN
HCTU CHIJC
Bien
tap:
LE
DAN
Trinh
hay hia:
THAI
VAN
In 1.000 cuon, kho 16 x 24cm tai Cong ti
TNHH
MTV In Tin Loc - TP.Ho Chi Minh.
S6'
DKKHXB:
452 - 2012/CXB/63 - 20/ThaH.
QOXB
sa':
412/QD - ThaH, ngay 31/12/2012.

mon Ljch sCf Idp 12 trong thdi gian ngan.
Ngoai phan kien thCfc cd ban, chung toi con gidi thieu mot so de thi tot
nghiep trong nhOng nam
2006
den nam
2008
de cac em tham khao them
ve cac dang de thi tot nghiep cua Bp
Giao
due va Dao tao.
Nam vCifng kien thufc cd ban trong sach, cac em se
vOng
tin bade vao
cac ki thi dang chd ddi phfa trade. Day la tai lieu can thiet va bo ich cho
cac em hoc sinh Idp 12 cung nhu cac ban dong nghiep.
Trong
qua trinh bien soan, chac khong the tranh khoi nhQng thieu sot.
Rat mong nhan
dUdc
sU gop y
\is
quy thay, c6 giao day bo mon Uch sCf
cung nhu cac em hoc sinh yeu quy \ii moi mien dat nude.
Chung
toi xin tran trong cam dn.
TACGIA
3
class="bi x0 y0 w0 h1"
CAU
TRUC

Lien bang Nga (1991 -
2000)
- Cac nude Dong Bac A
- Cac nirdc Dong Nam A va An Do
- Cac nifdc chau Phi va Mi La
tinh
- Nude Mi
- Tay Au
-NhatBan
- Quan he quoc te trong va sau
thcfi
ki Chien tranh lanh
-
Cach
mang khoa hoc - cong nghe va xu the toan cau hoa nilfa sau the
kiXX
- Tong ket
lich
suT
the
gidi
hien dai tU nSm 1945 den nSm
2000
2] UCH sCr
VIET
NAM Ttf 1919 DEN NAM
2000
- Phong trao dan toe dan
chii
or

Cuoc
khang chien toan quoc chong thifc dan
Phap
ket thuc
(1953-1954)
- Xay
dilng
chu nghia xa hoi d mien Bdc, dau tranh chong de quoc Ml
va chinh quyen Sai Gon d mien Nam (1954 - 1965)
5
- Nhan dan hai mien tnrc tiep chien dau
cho'ng
de
quoc
Mi xam
liiac.
Nhan dan mien B^c vifa chien dau
viia
san xuat (1965 - 1973)
-
Cuoc
dau tranh tren mat
tran
ngoai
giao.
Hiep dinh Pari nSm 1973
ve chain dult chien tranh, lap lai hoa binh d Viet Nam
- Khoi
phuc
va phat

- Lien X6 va cac
nU6c
Dong
Au (1945 -
1991).
Lien
bang
Nga (1991 -
2000)
- Cac ntf(5c
Dong
BSc A
- cac nifdc
Dong
Nam A va An Do
- Cac ntrdc
chau
Phi va Mi La
tinh
- Nifdc Mi
- Tay Au
- Nhat Ban
- Quan he
quoc
te trong va sau
thdi
ki Chien tranh lanh
-
Cach
mang khoa hoc -

-
Phong
trao giai
phong
dan toe va
Tong
khdi nghia thdng Tam (1939
-
1945).
Ni/dre Viet Nam Dan chu
Cong
hoa ra dcfi
- Ni/dc Viet Nam Dan chu
Cong
hoa tif sau
ngay
02-9-1945
den
trifdrc
ngay
19-12-
1946
- Nhang n&m dau cua
cuoc
khang chien toan
quoc
chong
thifc dan
Phap
(1946 - 1950)

de
quoc
Ml xam Itfoc.
Nhan
dan mien Bftc vUa chien dau vUa san xuat (1965 - 1973)
-
Cuoc
dau
tranh
tren mat
tran
ngoai
giao.
Hiep dinh Pari nam 1973
ve chain dult chien
tranh,
lap lai hoa binh d Viet Nam
- Khoi
phuc
va phat
trien
kinh
te- xa hoi d mien BSc, giai phong hoan
toan mien Nam (1973 - 1975)
- Viet Nam trong nam dau sau thdng
Icfi
cua khang chien
chong
Ml cijfu
niidc

thuf
II
(1945 - 1949)
- lien X6 va cac mi&c Dong Au (1945 - 1991, lien bang Nga (1991 -
2000)
- Trung
Quoc
va ban dao Trieu Tien
- Cac ni/dc Dong Nam A
- Cac nifdc chau Phi va Mi La-
tinh
- Nude Mi
- Tay Au
- Nhat Ban
- Quan he
quoc
te trong va sau
thcri
ki Chien
tranh
lanh
-
Cach
mang khoa hoc -
cong
n^e va xu the toan cau hoa nijfa sau the
kiXX
- Tdng ket lich suf the gidi hien dai tii nSm 1945 den nam
2000
7

- Cupe khang chioi toon quoc diraig thifc dan
Phap
ket thuc (1953-1954)
- Mien BSc thUfc hien nhODag nhiem vu
kinh
te - xa hoi, mien Nam dau
tranh
chong Ml- Diem, giff ^ hoa
binh
(1954 - 1960)
- Xay difng chu nghia xa hoi d mien BSc, chien dau chong chien liidc
"Chien
tranh
dae biet" cua de quoc Mi d mien Nam (1961 - 1965)
- Chien dau chong chien Idwc "Chien
tranh
cue bo" dr mien Nam va
chien
tranh
pha hoai Ian
thi?
nhat eua de quoc Mi (1965 - 1968)
- Chien dau chong chirai
lUOC
"Viet Nam hoa chien
tranh"
& mien Nam va
chien
tranh
pha hoai mien Bac Ian

(1976- 1986)
- Viet Nam tren di/dng doi mdi di len CNXH (1986- 2000)
- Tong ket
lich
sur
Viet Nam til nam 1919 den nam 2000
8
1
OPHANI
I
LjCH SCfTHE
GIGfl
HIEN
D^l
PWti
TCT N^M 1945
9EN
NfiY
(2000)
Chironfi
I
BOI
CANH
QUOC TE SAU CHIEN
TRANH
THE Gl6l
THLfll
(1945-1949)
mm
SI/

Do la:
+
Nhanh
chong
danh bai hoan toan cac n\i6c phat xit;
+
To chijfc lai the
gidi
sau chien
tranh;
+
Phan chia thanh qua chien thang giOra cac niidc thang
tran.
- Trong bo'i canh do, mot
cuoc
hoi nghi
quo'c
te diTcfc
trieu
tap tai lanta
(Lien
X6)
tCr
ngay 04 den 11 - 02 - 1945.
2. Hpi nghi dvta ra nhi?i^ quyet
dinh
quan trong
- Tieu diet tan goc chu nghia phat xit DuTc va chu nghia quan phiet
Nhat
Ban. Sau khi danh bai nifdrc Dufc phat xit. Lien X6 se tham chien

"Trat
tif hai
ciTc
lanta".
9
jFj Sli
THANH
LAP
LIEN
HOP
QUOC
1. Hoan canh
lich
svC
- Tii ngay 25 - 4 den ngay 26 - 6 - 1945, mot hoi nghi quoc te Idn da
hop tai Xan Phranxixco (Mi) de thong qua ban Hien chifcfng va tuyen bo
thanh
lap Lien hop quoc.
-
Ngay
24 - 10 - 1945, ban Hien chiAfng Lien hiep quoc c6 hieu life.
2.
Muc dich
Duy
tri hoa
binh
v^ an
ninh
the gidi, phat trien cac moi quan he
hCili

viec
thupe pham vi Hien chtfcfng quy
dinh.
* Hoi dong Bao an: La ca quan
gicr
vai tro trong yeu hang dau trong
viec
duy tri hoa
binh
an
ninh
the gidi.
* Ban Thtf ki: Crf quan hanh chinh - to chuTc cua Lien hop quoc, dilng
dau
la Tong thu ki vdi nhiem ki 5 nam.
Ngoai
ra con c6 Hoi dong Kinh te - Xa hoi. Hoi dong Quan thac, Toa
an
Quoc
te
Den nSm 2006, Lien hop quoc c6 192 quoc gia thanh vien.
Tif
thang 9 -1977, Viet Nam trd thanh thanh vien
thiJ
149 cua Lien
hcfp quoic.
ml Sli
HINH
THANH
HAI HE

Cong hoa Lien bang (CHLB) Dufc.
+
Vdri
str giup dd cua Lien X6, cac life lifgng dan chu or Dong Dufc da
thanh lap Nha ntfdc Cong hoa Dan chu (CHDC) Dure vao thang 10 - 1949.
Nhu
the, tren lanh tho Dure da xuat hien hai nha
nxidc
DJJTC
vdri
che
do chlnh tri va con di/dng phat trien
khac
nhau.
Van
de Dong Au va Tay Au
+ Trong nhflng nam 1945 - 1947, cac ntfdc Dong Au da xay
diing
bo
may Nha ntfdc dan chu nhan dan va tien hanh xay
diing
chu nghia xa
hoi,
tifng
hxidc
hinh
thanh
he
thong
cac

theo
sU
dinh
hitang
cua Ml.
Chtfonfill
LIEN
X6 VA
CAC
n\S6C
DONG AU (1945
-1991)
LIEN
BANG NGA (1991 -
2000)
BAI
2
LIEN
X6 VA CAC HKSdC DONG AU (1945 - 1991)
LIEN
BANG NGA (1991 -
2000)
7j
LIEN
X6 VA CAC NJdC DONG AU TLf NAM 1945 DEN
GlCfA
NHCTNG NAM 70
1. Lien Xd
a) Cong
cuoc

- Nen san xuat
cong
nghiep
dtfgc
phuc
hoi nam 1947. Den nSm 1950
san lifcrng
cong
nghiep
tang 73% so vdi tnrdrc chien tranh.
- San xua't
nong
nghiep
nam 1950 dat
muTc
trUdrc chieh tranh.
- Khoa hoc - ki thuat phat
trien
nhanh
chong.
Nam 1949, Lien X6 che
tao thanh
cong
bom nguyen tuf, pha v5 the doc quyen vu khi nguyen tOr
ciia Ml.
b) Lien X6 tiep tuc xay
diftig
co sd vat chat - ki thuat cua CNXH (tCr
nam 1950 den nijfa dau nhomg nam 70)
1\i nam 1950 den nam 1975. Lien X6 da thiTc hien nhieu ke

cong
ve
tinh
nhan tao ciia
Trai
Dat. Nam 1961,
phong
con tau vu tru
Phiiong
Dong
dtfa nha du hanh vu tru Gagarin bay
vong
quanh
Trai
Dat.
- Ve mat xa hoi, c6 nhOng thay doi ro ret. Ti le
cong
nhan chiem hon
55% sd ngadi lao
dong
trong ca nUdc.
Trinh
do hoc van cua ngifdi dan
di/Oc
nang cao, gan 3/4 so dan dat
trinh
do trung hoc va dai hoc.
Lien
X6 trd thanh tru cot cua he thong xa hoi chii nghia, la cho diia
cho hoa binh va

(1945),
Cong
hoa Nhan dan Lien Bang Nam TiT
(1945),
Cong
hoa Nhan dan
Anbani
(1945),
Cong
hoa Nhan dan Bungari
(1946).
+
Rieng
Dong
Dure,
vdri
sir giiip dd cua Lien X6, thang 10 - 1949 nirdc
Cong
hoa Dan chu Dure
diTcfc
thanh lap.
b)
Cong
cuoc
xay diTng chu nghia xa hoi d cac nifdc
Dong
Au
- Trong nhorng nam 50 - 1975, cac niTdc
Dong
Au thiic hien ke

chuc
Ian.
+
Ve
nong
nghiep: Dap ijfng nhu cau lUWng thifc, thuc pham cho nhan dan.
+
Ve khoa hoc - ki thuat: Tit nhufng midc
ngheo,
Dong
Au tror thanh
quoc
gia
cong
-
nong
nghiep.
3. Quan hcfp tac gi€fa cac midc xa hpi chu nghia
a) Quan he
kinh
te, van hoa, khoa hoc - ki thuat
-
Ngay
08 - 01 - 1949, Hoi
dong
ti/cfng tra
kinh
te (viet tat la SEV)
diioc
thanh lap gom cac ntfdfc: Lien X6, Anbani, Ba Lan, Bungari,

Hiep xldc hOli nghi, hop tac va tifcfng trg danh dau sir ra ddi ciia To
chuTc
Hiep iTdc
Vacsava.
- Muc tieu: thanh lap lien minh
phong
thii
ve quan sir va chinh tri cua
cac nirdc xa hoi chu nghia
chau
Au.
n]
LIEN
X6 VA CAC
NLfdC
DONG
AU Tlf
GIOTA
NHOTNG
NAM 70
DEN NAM 1991
1. Sji khung hoang cua che do xa h^i chu nghia
oT
Lien
Xd
a. Tinh hinh
- Nam 1973,
cuoc
khung
hoang

Cong
san va Nha ni/dc X6 viet.
b) Cong cugc cdi to (1985 - 1991)
- Thang 3 - 1985,
M.Goocbachop
len nam quyen lanh dao Dang va
Nha ntrdc Lien X6, da di/a ra diTcfng loi tien hanh cai to.
13
- Sau 6 nam tien hanh cai to, do pham nhieu sai lam nen
tinh
hinh
khong
dtroc cai thien, dat niidc X6 viet lam vac
tinh
trang khung
hoang
toan dien.
c)
Su sup do cua
Lien
bang X6
viet
- Ngay 19 - 8 - 1991, mot
cuoc
chinh bien nhkm lat do
Goocbachop
no
ra
nhimg that bai. Sau do,
Goocbachop

- Vao nhCmg nam cudi
ciia
thap ki 70 - dau thap ki 80, nen
kinh
te
Dong Au lam vao
tinh
trang
tri
tre.
- Nhan dan cac ntfdc Dong Au giam sut long tin vao Dang va Nha
ntrdrc.
Sii bat binh cua ho
ngay
cang
tang len.
- Ban lanh dao Dang va Nha midc d cac ntfdc Dong Au c6
nhfifng
cd
gang
de dieu chinh sif phat
trien
kinh
te. Nhitog cudi cimg hi be tSc, lam
cho khung
hoang
ngay
them gay gat.
- Cac
niTdrc

trien
cua
cudc
each
mang khoa hoc - ki
thuat
tien
tien.
- Khi tien hanh cai to lai pham sai lam tren nhieu mat.
- Sii chdng pha cua cac the
liic
thd dich trong va ngoai nifdc.
ml
LIEN
BANG
NGA Tlf NAM 1991 DEN NAM
2000
Sau khi Lien X6 tan ra. Lien bang Nga la
"qudc
gia ke tuc Lien Xo".
- Ve
kinh
te, trong
nhuTng
nam 1990 - 1995, tdc do tang
tn/dng
binh
quan hang nam cua GDP luon la sd
am.
Tif nam 1997 trd di,

chinh phu ciia Tong thong Putin co
gSng
phat
trien
kinh te, cung co nha
niftJc
phap quyen, on dinh
tinh
hinh xa hoi va
nang cao vi the
quoc
te cua
luldc
Nga.
ClKWnfi (II
CAC
NUdC
A, PHI VA Ml
LATINH
(1945 -
2000)
BAI 3
CAC
NlTdC
DONG BAC A
T]
NET
CHUNG
VE KHU
VJC

10 nam dau xay dUng che dp mdi (1949
-1959)
a.
Cuoc
noi chien:
-
Cupc
noi chien keo dai hem 3 nam (1946 -
1949).
- Ngay 20 - 7 - 1946, Ti/dng Gidi
Thach
phat dong
cuoc
chien tranh
chong Dang Cong san.
- Ti^ thang 7 - 1946 den thang 6 - 1947, Quan giai phong Trung
Quoc
thiic
hien chien lilOc phong ngif tich cifc. Sau giai doan nay, Quan giai
phong chuyen
sang
phan cong, tien quan vao cac vung do Dang
Quoc
dan
kiem
soat.
15
- Cuoi nam 1949,
cupc
noi chien ket thuc, toan bo luc dia Trung

khoi
phuc
kinh
te va eai
each
- Nhiem vu hang dau cua nhan dan Trung
Quoc
la dUa da't nUdc thoat
khoi
ngheo
nan, lac hau, phat
trien
kinh
te, xa hoi, van hoa va
giao
due.
- Tii nam 1953, Trung
Qude
thue hien ke
hoach
5 nam dau tien (1953 -
1957).
Nhcf no
liic
lao
dong
cua toan dan va sif giup dd cua Lien X6, ke
hoaeh
5 nSm hoan thanh thSng loi. Bo mat dat nUdc Trung
Quoc

te, chinh
tri,
xa hoi. Vdi
viee
de ra va thife
hien
du&ng 161 "Ba ngon ecr hong" vdi mong muon nhanh
chong
xay difng
thanh
cong
chu nghIa xa hoi.
Hau
qua la tif n&m 1959, trong ca nifdc nan doi dien ra tram trpng, dcfi
song
nhan dan kho khSn, san xuat ngifng tre, dat nifdc khong on dinh.
NhOng kh6 khan ve
kinh
te da dan
tori
hien
dong
ve chinh
tri.
Bieu hien:
+
Trong npi bp ban lanh dao Trung
Quoc
xay ra sir bat
dong

ki nay, da xay ra nhOrng
cupc
xung dot or bien gidi giCfa Trung
Quoc
vdi An Dp
(1962),
giuTa Trung
Quoc
vdi
Lien X6
(1969).
Thang 2 - 1972, Tong thong Ml Nichxcm
sang
tham
Trung
Quoc,
md dau quan he mdi
theo
chieu hi/dng hoa diu gitfa hai nUde.
16
3. Cong cuoc cai each
-
md coba (to( nam
1978)
- Thang
12 -
1978, Trung
tATng
Bang
Cong

phat
trien
kinh
te lam
trung
tarn;
tien
hanh
cai each va
md
ouCa,
chuyen nen
kinh
te ke
hoach
hoa
tap trung
sang
kinh
te
thi
tn£ing
xa hoi chu
n^ia, nhkm hien dai
hoa va
xay difng
chu
nghia
xa hoi
mang

va
giao
due dat nhieu thanh
tiiU
quan trong.
+
Nam 1964, Trung
Quoc
thijr
thanh
cong
bom nguyen tuf.
+
Tif thang
11 - 1999 den
thang
3 -
2003,
Trung
Quoc
da
phong
4 con
tau
"Than Chau"
va
ngay
15 - 10 -
2003,
tau

he
hiiki
ngfai,
hop tac vdi cac
nifdrc tren
the
gidi;
c6
nhieu
dong
gop
trong
viec
giai quyet
cac
tranh
chap
quoc
te.
BAI
4
CAC Nl/6C DONG
NAM
A VA AN DO
Tj CAC
Nl/dC
DONG
NAM
A
1.

trd th^nh
thuoc
dia
cua Nhat Ban.
- Giufa thang
8 -
1945, nhan
dan
Dong Nam
A
ddng
len dau
tranh,
nhieu niidc gianh
duoc
doc
lap.
+
Ngay
17 - 8 -
1945, nhan
dan
Inddnexia tuyen
bo doc lap va
thanh
lap nifdc
Cong
hoa
Indonexia.
+ Thdng 8 - 1945, nhan dan Viet Nam

Cong hoa Indonesia thong nhat dutfc thanh lap.
+ Cdc nLfdrc Au - Mi lan
Itfcft
cong nhan doc lap cua cac
niidc
Philippin
(1946),
Mien Dien
(1948),
Ma Lai
(1957),
Xingapo
(1959),
Viet Nam, Lao,
Campuchia
(1975),
Brunay
(1984),
Dong Timo
(2002).
b. Lao (1945 - 1975)
*
Cugc
khang
chien
chong
Phap
(1945 - 1954)
- GiCra thang 8 - 1945, Nhat Ban dau hang E)6ng
minh

phai
cong nhan doc lap chu quyen va
toan
ven lanh tho cua Lao, thifa
nhan dia vi hgp phap cua cac lut
Itftfng
khang chien Lao.
*
Cugc
khang
chien
chong
Ml (1954 - 1975)
- Ngay sau khi Hiep
dinh
Gioneva ve Dong Di/ong vCra ki ket. Ml da
lap tuTc hat
cang
Phap, am
miAi
bien Lao thanh thuoc dia kieu mdi. TCr
day, nhan dan Lao lai phai cam sung chong ke thu mdi la de quoc Ml.
-
Dtrdri
sii lanh dao cua Dang Nhan dan
Cach
mang Lao (thanh lap
ngay 22 - 3 -
1955),
cuoc

Cong
hoa Dan chu Nhan dan Lao chinh
thiJc thanh lap. Tii do, nildc Lao hiidc
sang
thcfi ki mdi - xay di/ng dat
midc va phat
trien
kinh
te - xa hoi.
c. Campuchia
- Dau thang 10 - 1945, thtfc dan
Phap
quay
trd lai xam li/gc va thong
tri
Campuchia. Nhan dan Campuchia tien hanh
cuoc
khang chien
chong
thifc
dan Phap.
- Sau chien thang Dien Bien Phu, Chinh
phii
Phap
phai ki Hiep dinh
Gicfnevo
ve
Dong
DiJcfng,
cong

chong
Ml cua nhan dan Campuchia ket thuc thang Igi.
-
Ngay
sau do, nhan dan Campuchia lai phai tiep tuc
cuoc
dau tranh
chong
tap
doan
Khcfme do do Pon Pot cam dau phan bpi
each
mang thi
hanh chinh
sach
diet chung, tan sat hang
trieu
ngtfM dan v6 toi.
-
Ngay
7 - 01 - 1979, thu do
Phnom
Penh
difcfe giai
phong
khoi che do
Khcfme do diet chung, Campuchia bildre vao thcfi ki hoi sinh, xay difng lai
dat nifdc.
- TCr nam 1979 d Campuchia da
di§n

Quo'c
vifcfng. Tii do, Campuchia
bi/dc
sang
mot thcfi ki mdi.
2. Qua
trinh
xay di^ng va phat trien cua cac nrfdfc Dong Nam A
a. Nhom 5 niidc
sang
lap ASEAN
- Sau khi gianh
dtfcfc
doc lap, nhom 5 niJdc
sang
lap ASEAN deu tien
hanh
cong
nghiep
hoa, xay difng nen
kinh
te tif chu. Tap trung day manh
phat
trien
cac nganh
cong
nghiep
san xuat hang tieu diing noi dia thay
the hang nhap khau.
19

xuat khau, phat
trien
ngoai
thi/cfng.
- Thanh
tifu:
ti trong
cong
nghiep
trong nen
kinh
te
quoc
dan da Idn
hcfn
nong
nghiep,
mau dich doi ngoai tang
truorng
nhanh.
b. Nhom cac nvtdc
Dong
Diiang
- Sau khi
gianh
dugc doc lap, cac
nUcrc
Dong
Dilcfng,
ve ccf ban da

cudi
nhCftig
nam 80 cua the' ki XX, Lao
thifc
hien
cong
cuoc
doi
mdri,
kinh
te c6
nhuTng
hudc phat
trien
kha
nhanh,
dcri
song
cac dan toe dLfcrc cai
thien.
- Tit sau khi thanh lap Vucfng
qudc
(1993),
tinh
hinh chinh tri dan dan
on dinh, Campuchia hu6c vao giai
doan
phuc
hoi
kinh

chinh
cac
chinh
sach
co ban nh&m da
dang
hoa nen
kinh
te.
- Sau gan 30 nam thi h^nh chinh
sach
txi liic hi/dng noi, Mianma co
tdc dp tang tn/6mg
kinh
te
cham
chap.
TCf cudi nSm 1988, chinh phu tien
hanh cai "\ch
kinh
te va "md
cufa",
do do nen
kinh
te co
sii
khdi sdc. Tdc
do
tang
triidng

Nam A (viet tat
theo
tieng
Anh
la ASEAN)
dapc
thanh lap tai
Bang
Cde (Thai Lan) v6i sif tham gia
cua 5
nUofe:
Indonexia, Malaixia,
Xingapo,
Thai Lan va Philippin.
20
b. Qu6
trinh
boat
dong
- Trong giai
doan
dau (1967 -
1975),
ASEAN la mot to
chvlc
non yeu, sir
hap tac trong khu viic con trong trang
thai
khcri dau, chtfa c6 vi tri tren
tru&ng

dpng hop tac
kinh
te, xay
dung
Dong
Nam A thanh khu vifc boa binb, on dinh de
cung
phat
trien.
JIJANDO
1. Cupc dau tranh gianh dpc lap
- Sau Chien tranh the
gidri
thuf
II,
cuoc
dau tranh
chong
thiic dan Anh,
doi doc lap
difdi
sir lanh dao cua Dang
Quoc
dai bung len manh me.
- Tm6c
sufc
ep cua
phong
trao dau tranh da lam cho thifc dan Anh phai
nhutfng

hoa An Dp danh dau thSng Ipi to Idn cua
nhan dan An Dp, c6 anh hifdng quan trong den
phong
trao giai
phong
dan tpc tren the gidi.
2. Cong cupc xay duCng dat ni^oTc
- Trong
thori
ki xay dirng dat nxidc. An Dp dat dxiac nhieu thanh
tifti
ve
nong
nghiep
va
cong
nghiep.
- Nhd tien
hanb
cupc
"each
mang xanh" trong
nong
nghiep, tif
giOa
nhullig
nam 70 cua the ki XX, An Dp da tii tuc difpc lifong tbiTc va den
nam 1995, la
nU6c
xuat khau gao duTng

21
-
Ve doi
ngoai.
An Dp
theo
dudi chinh
sach
hoa
binh, trung
lap
tich
ciic, luon luon
ung ho cuoc dau
tranh gianh
doc lap cua cac dan toe.
-
An Do
thiet
lap
quan
he
ngoai
giao
vdri
Viet
Nam
ngay
07 - 01 - 1972.
BAI

binh chien
cua si
quan
va
binh
linh
yeu
rnidc
Ai Cap
lat
do
Aofcmg
trieu
Pharuc,
cho
difa
cua
thiTc
dan
Anh,
lap nen
n\i6c
Cong
hoa
Ai Cap (18 - 6 -
1953).
-
Ttf nam 1952 den nam 1958
hang loat nifdc gianh diigc
doc lap:

thong tri thuc
dan cu,
gianh
doc lap
dan
toe va
quyen
song
cua con
ngi/ori.
- Thang
02 - 1990,
chinh quyen
Nam Phi da
tuyen
bd
tif
bo
chinh
sach
phan biet chung
toe (goi la
Apacthai).
2. Unh hinh phat trien
kinh
te -
xa hpi
-
Sau
khi gianh diigc

xung
dot, dao
chinh,
noi
chien
diln
ra
lien mien;
d6i ngh^o,
benh
tat va mu
chuT; sU bung
no ve dan so'; no nan va sU
phu
thuoc
vao
nUde ngoai v.v
-
To
ehure thong nha't
chau
Phi (OAU)
thanh
lap
thang
5 - 1963, den
nam
2002
doi
thknh Lien minh ciiau

d\iag
cac
che do doc tai than Mi.
-
Cuoc
dau tranh
chong
che dp doc tai than Mi bung no va phat
trien.
Tieu bieu la thang
Icri
cua
each
mang
Cuba
dildi
sif lanh dao ciia Phiden
Catxtcfro. Ngay 01 - 01 - 1959 che dp Batixta sup do, ntfdc
Cong
hoa
Cuba
ra
dcfi do Phiden Catxtcrro
dutag
dau.
- Vao cac thap nien 60 - 70,
phong
trao dau tranh
chong
Mi va che dp

- Sau khi khoi
phuc
dpc lap, gianh di/pc chu quyen, cac
niTdrc
Mi Latinh
bade
vao
thcri
ki xay dung va phat
trien
kinh
te - xa hoi, dat di/ac nhieu
thanh
tiJu
dang khich le. Mot so midc trd thanh ni/dc
cong
nghiep mdi
(NICs) nhif
Braxin,
Achentina,
Mehico.
- Trong thap nien 80 cua the ki XX, nhieu ni/crc Mi Latinh
rcfi
vho
tinh
trang
suy thoai
kinh
te nang ne, lam phat tSng nhanh, khung
hoang

trd
thanh
qude
nan
va
ngdn
can
sii phat
trien
kinh
te.
Chiwng
fU
Ml, TAY AU,
WHAT
BAN (1945 - 2000)
BAI6
Nl/dC
Ml
I]
NJdC
Ml
TCT
NAM
1945 DEN NAM 1973
1. Srf phat
trien
kinh
te
- Sau Chien tranh the gioft

+ Ml Igi dung chien tranh de lam giau, thu Igi nhuan tif buon ban vu khi.
+ Ml ap dung thanh tUU
khoa
hoc - ki
thuat
de nang cao
nling
suat
lao dong.
+ Cac to hop cong nghiep -
quan
sU, cac
cmig
ti, tap doan hi ban lung
doan Ml c6
sufc
san xuat,
canh
tranh Idn va c6 hieu qua trong va ngoai nifdc.
+ Cac chinh
sach
va bien phap dieu
tiet
aia Nha ni/dc dong vai tro
quan trong thiic day
kinh
te Mi
phat
trien.
2. Ve

lieu
tdng hop); nang
liiong
mdi
(nang
liiong
nguyen
tuT, nhiet
hach);
chinh
phuc vu try (difa ngi/cri len Mat trang nam
1969),
va di dau
cuoc
"each
mang xanh" trong nong nghiep v.v
3. Ve chinh tri - xa hpi
- Tir 1945 den dau nhOng nam 70, niHSc Mi da
trai
qua nam
dcJi
tong
thong (tii H.Truman
deiti
R.Nichx<m), moi
tong
thong deu dua ra mot
chi/ong
trinh
cai

+ Dan ap phong trao giai phong dan toe, phong trao cong nhan va
cong san
quo'c
te.
+ Khong che, chi phoi cac
midc
Ui ban
dong
minh phu thuoc vao Mi.
De thi/c hien cac mue tieu chien li/cfc
tren
day, chinh
sach
eo ban cua
Ml
la diia vao
sOfc
manh, trade het la
site
manh
quan
s\i va
kinh
te de
khong che cac
niidc.
24