KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
CHƯƠNG 1
GIỚI THIỆU CHUNG
1.1 Đặt vấn đề

!""#!$%&#'()$*+,""
&*"+-./01&#'()$*2#3$
45'6!5547,"64&89,
:;&<=$6>!?@&#A?''()$*
+,B"+C+,+DE&F 5'&"9&'+"+;GH29
&'+IJ/KL#+4J/KMN"N-4+?/$O&#
,2#9&'+*GJ/KMN"N-4+G2&<$
A??'$;MN&"P?Q?'"N-4+G&"R?Q?'?
@"S5,(;2 T6U5S5(7V99.V
+,,J/K2+,,"&$W"$5 !D5S5"
X'7<Y6&".Y""W,
*,J/K"&#Z,+,<B"$(?[
?Q
P
 *,J/K%5Z,&"5.\Y>9
?
1V BJ/K75;4DE&FZ,6+C
+,+DE&FZ,#,+ 8*,J/KT]HX&X'75#
\'&#5DE&F9*<55^D((VH4&"
Z<5J_`"aN,&$*VI/@aQRQ[QXJL<575
;',"DE&F'$;\$,"95'DE&F9*?
a5<! $O'"+>Z,b$U
"J/K"+>'+c*+I,'65C;d9;(
+!Y >".X$5,\b$L
9Oe4&Y,94DE&F+#+2 T5

[N!0,,,&455U+#Z,<l
[5U+"O#+,S5(<c5"U",S5,
%DE&FZ,*@4a?
f@-g-./9` 2
KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
[N!0'&#>5"$">5Z,J/KN
-4+
[m,e&75&#$,'"<c57545E 8$,'
\DE&FZ,b$+C+,+b$8
[0$,"794DE&F45S5('
1.4 Đối tượng và phạm vi nghiên cứu
[M#<c57"ga<c5DE&FZ,,J/K
'(Hk+C+,+b$8
[N*<c5ga,<c5#&'*.cZ,
J/KN-4+"+-./01?
1.5 Phương pháp nghiên cứu
1.4.1 Phương pháp luận
a $$*(D5'94+ e852E 8
75"(He9n,cX,5"&*#&*,
5.59E&Fj&"9n9'&#He5
(*45.E 8&"(U"e>'?
b$H,$,$4*9k/8H($49$H
Co",D04+$*X$VX",#D! 
759;4E&F(?
9&#Z,,H2,S5DE&F"p
9!9n5.>V'90"(
Uc$q$?K#Z,;0&"b $*<
Y4,9<?@%U+,\+(9
H($49&"754>"?

TỔNG QUAN VỀ NƯỚC RỈ RÁC
2.1 TỔNG QUAN VỀ THÀNH PHẦN NƯỚC RỈ RÁC
2.1.1 Tổng quan về thành phần nước rỉ rác trên thế giới
aZ,,H29&'+;\#et&"'&3'S5
,  &+  '  (  )    b$  ,  '  ]    $V  ,  '  &C  &E
I$H$&$5et al?PL?$>5,H29&'+Z,H$.
'&3"$H29&'+,5.H<$"V
>"'&3*$"$S5,%+!,'(?MV0'
(+85X"$754?
1V BS5;S5%U"H29&'+,5%
5"+>Z,e5(H,505g
[/'(#"$9&'+g&$*'("+>'("u
Y'(l
[v5%U"J/KgS5,%DE&FCHX"75!59&'+l
[U"H29&'+l
[M7540U5gX^"4X90l
[M754S5(&F'(?
/,5<('75V0Z,VH4&"
U"H29&'+5"jS5e#0'Z,p*
Z,i0&i,'65C;d9;(+!
Y750#+'cCjO'5h?"+>V
Z,X<#%H"8\$J(G?
"J(G?G?
f@-g-./9` 5
KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
Bảng 2.1 "+>Z,*XS5<g
Thành Phần Đơn Vị
Columbia(ii) Cannada(ii) Đức (iv)
        Nbb

,K
J/K+5&$awwiIL
J/K  $[
sb  aww
IL
J/K  fb[
f5  aww  i
IL
1s9 11
+- [ ARQ AGPxAzP Ayx
MX T4 ƒfd Q?A [
GQ?[Gz?Q ?AxG?Q
/_` _GdK P?GR ?AQxRA
G?yxP?PP ?xP?QQ
J_`Q _GdK ?A RQxQPP zxA xyQ
ff dK P?RR GGAxQyA yyx?PyQ PRxQQQ
f dK [ [ ?PxP?R A?  x
?QQ
a[a-P dK ?R [ ?yyPxG?R Gyx?yQA
a[a_P dK R [ [ [
a[_ dK [ [ AxA PPxA
aCO dK [ [ ?zAxG?zz AQx?y
N$+$ dK zG [ GPxQG QPxQy
f@-g-./9` 6
KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
O
/&[ dK Q?yy [
„ dK …G [ PQxG
/ dK G [

MX T4
ƒfd
?RxGP?
/_` _GdK R?xR?Ry G?Q G?
J_`Q _GdK AQxyQ A? Q
ff dK RxR R G
‡f dK ?QyyxR?PAP [ [
a[a-P dK ?AzRxG?Gy G ?y
a[_ dK Pxz [ [
N$+$O dK GQxPR [ [
/&[ dK P?GxP?A R?Q R?Q
„ dK yAPxGzA [ [
/ dK [ [
N dK xPP [ [
/5 dK xQA [ [
/ dK RQxzQA [ [
f@-g-./9` 7
KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
MX7 //_PdK [ G? ?
@}• dK QzxG?Qy [ [
a5.g (ii): Kwanrutai Nakwan, 2002.
5V\"94U"H29&'+,5B5
Z,%575;0'5&";.X/_`J_`Q
$I;\&<"8"_
P
dKLZ,".X
/_`J_`'+J/Ki?,&45<<$'$,
e+-Z,b$%>5.X,'9n$
Z,( >b$$*.Xa-

KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
U"I#'45Z,He‹ŒL2&""+>
Z,O'&!(45S5(DE&FZ,?
aZ,+,$*XH29&'+&"X$65.
!9n&'9?a;H9V7&375&$b
Z,;\'D5<S5V'&"9n5.>" n "
!9n5.V?-C6&#Z,;(!9n
V79%.X,'9n;$'$"
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0???LZ,+,,H29&'+&"X$69S5
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KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
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sS5(+!0<$'.X,'9n"$"
)9,575%$S5%U"J/K%5S5>5
!,j#O*"55\9j75"U5\,
"$99,2#&;,Hk'-`N€?*,99&'+,j#
+pHkDb"#>W—?s75 "&+,*75$
GG%j+&+'&<<H7V,5&"+X&+N€\*

5,+ 8?M755\&",&$*"5k  *,
+cH7;+!0";DE&F?
“-"&#'65CIH\5 nHkZ<5/_`L'$?a$"Z
<5"'+#+5OH2,?
“a5DE&F*<55^X*\(9b$<55^
/@aQRQ[QIXJL?
“-4DE&FOe#DE&FW+0&!5 "$"HX&#,t
H2,?
“Š,"DE&F;\'+U#?
@4<c5V0,,H2,&U+9%*E\
+C,&Y5$DE&F,*45S5(7",+
c#<55^9&"c>"'+H,?@4DE&F,
]ZiX&$*(,;\"b$+C+,+,
5?
f@-g-./9` 15
KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
3.2 Tổng quan về các công nghệ xử lý nước rỉ rác
3.2.1 Công nghệ xử lý nước rỉ rác trên thế giới
1X$694DE&FZ,Mc#($&"9
4#+6PS5,%gYCY";Y?J>5<$9
4DE&F&",+ 8,S5,%;"E\&$*H3CH<*
;H\&)#,+ 880&),H9VS5,%Y"\
((')&C&ES5,%$D;Hk$˜$bH\&Y#,+
8\&$*H3X+>X"5Z,"DE&F4\V&C&E?N>
'65C;+!Y]&*5S5,%EC#$D;
$˜$bk)*,'65C;+!Y",';(
+!Y&"45S5(DE&F$S5,%Y+05"
$,;X+>'65C*$"/_
G

G?Q Q z  Q
Nguồng•@A?G?Gz•$5z?
f@-g-./9` 17
a5.+U
sE
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J\+DhY
KY
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a;
KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
Hình 3.2 a.X,'9n5,9$*DE&F?
@"+>Z,>5"$;.X/_`'+•_ma-
R“
 $ !
5794#+6Y;Y"CY&"#+&F?f5Hb
;"Eb45S5(DE&FEC*$'?o45S5(E/_`*
zQo"•_m*45S5(Ro?1800S5,%$D;&"$D;,
#+'65C;d9;(+!Y"+>#E
0$S5,%$D;&"/_`"•_m45S5(&"yQo"oS5(
$'$H$D;,#+'•_m#DE&F4\C?M9
$*DE&FYHkH\Y&Y+Dh45S5(DE&F9$/_`Z
*Rzo"•_m*RPo&45+#+0'Z,&";+!
?5<94#,+ 8;+0U"$ $E 8$˜$b"
9$*b;"Eb]3&#$?
v5%DE&FZ,Mc#+Y";&F
f@-g-./9` 18

D("$5.+UMcZ,5DE&F
9 MCe M>5
"$
M>5
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w5 a.X*
/_` dK ?Qz A R G
a-
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dK QA Gz  A
•_m
™dK
?RQ [ yG Q
Nguồn: •@A?G?Gz•$5z?
Hình 3.4 v5%DE&FZ,Mc#+Y";&F?
Hàn Quốc
/94DE&FZ,XJ/K-"v5iMc&",+
8S5,%YIe0b$,"EbL"S5,%DE&F;&F
f@-g-./9` 20
KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
Ib$8$*#c 8k&$*H3,'65C;d9;(
+!YLC.94DE&FZ,*J/Kf5 $ˆ$-"
v595'P?QxA?Q
P
d"#%H"$-%G?Q
Nguồn: |$[/$5&~$b&?GR
Hình 3.5 /94DE&FZ,*J/Kf5 $ˆ$-"v5?
/94DE&FZ,-"v5H$.9%0gS5,
%DE&FYIS5,%+!Ye0"S5,%ECL"S5,

Z,*J/Kf5 $ˆ$-"v5$'.X/_`>5"$*DE&F
9$ $X
Bảng 3.3 a.X,'9n"5DE&F
9 DE&F f5DE&F
/_`IdKL G?GxP?z GGxP
J_`IdKL Ax?z [
aCOIdKL ?PxG? QRxGR
a[a-R“IdKL ?Gx?y xG
MX"5 [ A
Nguồn: |$[/$5&~$b&?GR?
@0'Z,J/K-"v5;Z&4J_`d/_`$(Px
Rl-"v5i2,+ 8+C+,+Y#+;&F\DE&F'
65C"C;$Z,?sS5($'H\$D;$5$*X
'45S5(.X$5#DE&Fo Ia[a-
R“
 >5 $X
$(xGdKL5<OC>5;&<GRdK?sS5(
ck.X$5$IG?dKL%+C+,+EC
f@-g-./9` 22
KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
GVHD : Th.S Vũ Hải Yến
Hk+C+,+579*45S5($&" $c,
5^$$$"$Hb?
$94DE&FZ,J/Kf5 $ˆ$-"v55S5,
%DE&FYS5,%b$8"$D;Hk}b$#,+ 8"U
","9,PG,GP.X/_`>5
 $X$$(GxP_
G
dK?5<$S5,%U";
4#H9VO&< TX"55DE&F$?`$;,G

MX"5 GPG A
/+0;'I.dPL ?GRy A?PGy
Nguồn: |$[/$5&~$b&?GR
;&*, S5%94DE&FZ,,<75
#+,S5,%Y;Y";&F>5,94DE&F75H)
>5DE&FCHk+C+,+O\Ib;"EbL5<
.XC$IG?dKL%+C+,+"iHe*?5X"$
"+>Z,i<55^D(("S5%DE&F+b$#
O4,+ 8S5,%CYI"&YL;&FIb$8d*$H9L"$D
;!$I†b$$˜$b???L?<55^D((Z,,
$C$<55^@4a<55^*/_` $X
G[P_
G
d&$@4aCCXJ/_`&"_
G
d&?
M\*#.X/_`(G[P_
G
dKD5_GdK]3
+0$",+ 8,+C+,+<?
3.2.2 Công nghệ xử lý nước rỉ rác ở Việt Nam
J29&'+&"+C+,+DE&F'()$*0#+'
#,+ 8@4a $+0'+ nU""i&"+C+,+
5\(S5'7DE&F'()(?5<+C+,+"
2!6('&9$*X,DbU
5\,!H85".0,VH4&"Z,&"5<
!5!9n9,H29&'+4?/94DE&F
Z,@4a4HX&X'75#\5<!&" $g
[45$Z,5
[v5%U"J/K

,5<!05!g
[*DE&FZ,#"$U"5H29&'+2$*
X>X"$;&#Z,$H29&'+2He+
f@-g-./9` 25
Ng5
Ng5
Tr*HC
Tr*HC
UASB
UASB
H.U
H.U
B\&)
B\&)
B\O0
B\O0

Trích đoạn Cố định phèn Al2(SO4)3 và thay đổi pH Cố định pH =6 và thay đổi lượng phèn FeCl Cố định pH =6 và thay đổi lượng phèn Al2(SO4) KẾT LUẬN VÀ KIẾN NGHỊ 6.1 Kết luận

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