ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
(UNIT 2 – ENGLISH 10)
1. An adverb of frequency usually goes in mid position.
- The bus doesn't usually stop here. I can never open these packets.
- It's always cold up here. I often get up in the night.
Some adverbs of frequency are always; normally, generally, usually; often, frequently; sometimes,
occasionally; seldom, rarely; never.
NOTE
a. The adverb can sometimes go after the subject and before a negative auxiliary. Compare these sentences.
- I don't often have breakfast. (= I seldom have breakfast.)
- I often don't have breakfast. (= I often go without breakfast.)
- Sometimes goes before a negative auxiliary.
- You sometimes can't get a table here.
b. Seldom and rarely are a little formal. In informal speech we use not often.
- I don't often play cards.
- c Never is a negative word. • 17(4)
- I've never felt so embarrassed in my life. Will you never learn?
We use ever mainly in questions.
- Have you ever done any ballroom dancing? ~ No, never.
But we can also use ever with negative words.
- I haven't ever felt so embarrassed.
- You hardly ever buy me flowers.
- Ever can add emphasis to the negative.
- No one ever said that to me before.
- Nothing ever happens in this place.
- I never ever want to see that awful man again.
We can also use ever in conditions and comparisons.
- If you ever feel like a chat, just drop in.
- James swam faster than he'd ever done before.
- If ever can go before the subject.
- If ever you feel like a chat, just drop in.

- Are you paid weekly or monthly?
INVERSION OF THE VERB AFTER CERTAIN ADVERBS
Certain adverbs and adverb phrases, mostly with a restrictive or negative sense, can for emphasis be placed first
in a sentence or clause and are then followed by the inverted (i.e. interrogative) form of the verb. The most
important of these are shown below. The numbers indicate paragraphs where an example will be found.
hardly ever, on no account, hardly . . . when, only by, in no circumstances, only in this way, neither/nor, only
then/when,
never, scarcely ever, no sooner . . . than, scarcely . . . when, not only, seldom, not till, so, nowhere
e.g.
- I haven't got a ticket. ~ Neither/Nor have I.
- I had never before been asked to accept a bribe.  Never before had I been asked to accept a bribe.
- They not only rob you, they smash everything too.  Not only do they rob you, they smash everything too.
- He didn 't realize that he had lost it till he got home.  Not till he got home did he realize that he had lost
it.
- This switch must not be touched on any account.  On no account must this switch be touched.
- He was able to make himself heard only by shouting.  Only by shouting was he able to make himself
heard.
- He became so suspicious that. . .  So suspicious did he become that. . .
Note also that a second negative verb in a sentence can sometimes be expressed by nor with inversion:
e.g.
- He had no money and didn't know anyone he could borrow from.
- He had no money, nor did he know anyone he could borrow from.
(neither would be less usual here.)
Bảo Thoa 2