Các thuật ngữ trong nhiếp ảnh
Auto Exposure Bracketing: Auto Exposure Bracketing performs
automatic exposure bracketing with varied shutter speed and/or aperture.
Flash Exposure Bracketing: Enables a photographer to automatically
bracket exposures at varied flash output levels, in TTL auto flash shooting,
without changing the shutter speed and/or aperture.
AE (Automatic Exposure) lock : Used to hold an automatically controlled
shutter speed and/or aperture. Recommended when the photographer wants to
control an exposure based on a scene's particular brightness area with Center
Weighted or Spot Metering.
Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash : A type of TTL auto flash operation
which uses the camera's exposure meter to control ambient light exposure settings,
integrated with flash exposure control. That is, flash output level is automatically
compensated to balance with ambient light, resulting in a better exposure for both
subject and background. Nikon's Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash system includes:
3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash. Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill Flash, Matrix
Balanced Fill-Flash, Center-Weighted Fill-Flash and Spot Fill-Flash. 3D Multi-
Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash and Multi Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash together
comprise Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash with TTL Multi Sensor. Performance
varies with the combination of camera body, Speedlight and lens used.
Balanced fill-flash operation : A flash photography technique that
balances flash illumination with the scene's ambient light. This automatic
operation utilizes the some camera's Automatic Balanced Fill Flash System with
TTL Multi Sensor and a compatible dedicated TTL Speedlight.
Continuous Servo : AF Focus detection continues as long as shutter
release button is lightly pressed and the reflex mirror is in the viewing position.
Useful when the camera-to subject distance is likely to change.
CPU Central Processing Unit.: The electronic component that controls an
electronic product's functions. for Nikon, AF Nikkor (including D-type AF
Nikkor) and Al-P-Nikkor lenses have built-in CPUs, for other camera's own terms
or definitions for equivalent functions, please update me.

models).
EV Exposure Value: A number representing the available combinations of
shutter speeds and apertures that give the same exposure effect under conditions of
similar scene brightness and ISO. At ISO 100, the combination of a one-second
shutter speed and an aperture of F1.4 is defined as EV1. The camera may be used
only within the EV range of the exposure meter. For example, with the F5, the
exposure metering range s from EV0 to EV20 for 3D Color Matrix Metering and
Center Weighted Metering, at ISO 100 with an f/1.4 lens (Default camera used to
define this term is F5, due to its advance & complex metering capabilities).
Exposure bracketing : Shooting the same subject at a range of different
exposures. Some camera provides Auto Exposure Bracketing/Flash Exposure
Bracketing.
Extra-Low Dispersion Glass All photographs are made with light,
composed of many colors of the spectrum. With panchromatic black-and-white
and all color films, it is essential that both blue and red light rays be brought to
focus at the same plane; otherwise, color "fringing" and unsharpness will be
evident. Because different wavelengths of light are bent at slightly different angles
as they pass through normal optical glass, the longer the focal length of the lens,
the longer the individual light rays have to travel inside the lens and the more the
discrepancy in focus. While modern techniques used to correct this "chromatic
aberration" are effective with normal and wideangle lenses, telephoto lenses
magnify even the slightest variation in focus between the red and blue light rays,
leading many photographers to assume that no long telephoto or super-telephoto
lens could equal a "shorter" lens in sharpness and color correction.
But Nikon overcame this obstacle by developing a new type of glass, called
Extra-low Dispersion (ED) glass. Especially designed to keep red and blue in
focus, ED glass produces superior color correction and has led to the creation of a
whole new generation of high-performance telephoto and super-telephoto lenses.
ED-series lenses are not sensitive to changes in temperature, so the problem
of focus shift inherent in lenses employing calcium fluorite-crystal elements is