EXERCISE
1
:
Name
things
that belong to each category. Make a list. Compare your list
with
your classmates' lists.
AU
of the words you use
in
this exercise are called "nouns."
1.
Name clothing you see in this room.
(shirt)
2.
Name kinds of fruit.
(apple)
3.
Name things you
drink.
(coffee)
4.
Name parts of the body.
(head)
5.
Name kinds of animals.
(horse)
6.
Name cities in the United States and Canada.
(new York, Montreal.

subject verb object
NOUN
NOUN
(c)
IBirds
I
fly
I
in
I
thesky.
I
subject verb prep. object of prep.
NOUN
NOUN
NOUN
(c)
1
Job
I
is holding
I
a
pen
I
in
I
his
hand.
I

is holding.
A
NOUN
is also used as the
object of
a
preposition.
In (c):
in
is a
preposition
(prep.). The noun
sky
(with the article
the
in front) is the
OBJECT
of
the preposition
in.
Examples of some common prepositions:
about,
across, at, between, by, for,fmm, in,
of,
on, to, with.
*Some verbs are followed by an object. These verbs are called transitive verbs
(v.t.
in a dictionary). Some verbs are not
followed by
an

:,
,
'
;,
,
,
,?
,"
.
:&;
.'
,
.
"
the object of a preposition?
a
.,.
4
s
.
-
.,,
.*j
:'
.
t
$8
I;.
,
'.

3.
Children like candy.
subject verb object preposition object of prep.
.
-
tr,
.?
subject vab object preposition object of prep.
,/i
-
:
.
,-
Marie
=
a
noun, subject ofthe sentence
r
'
.
%
+
chemistry
=
a
noun, object of the
verb
"studies"
chemistry
I

Tom and
Ann
live with their parents.
, ,<
subject verb object preposition object of prep.
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9.
Monkeys eat fruit and insects.
I
I
I
subject verb object preposition object of prep.
10.
Mary and Bob help Sue with her homework.
I
I
subjm verb object preposition object of prep.
11.
Ships sail across the ocean.
subject verb object preposition object of prep.
12.
Water contains hydrogen and oxygen.
subject verb object preposition object of prep.
(a)
I
don't
Ure
cold
weather.
(adj)

adjective can also follow
be;
the adjective
(noun)
+
(be)
+
(adj)
describes the subject of the sentence. (See Chart
1-6.)
COMMON
ADJECTIVES
beautifuhrgly gw&bad a*m important
Nationalidea
big-little
~~PPPS@~
bright intelligent American
big-small la~~small busy interesting Canadian
cheapexpensive long-short delicious kind Chinese
clean-dirty
mirjcpuiet famous
lay
Egyptian
wk?-hot
.;
,'
>
ohnew favorite nervous Indonesian
dang~~~~~safe
old-young

a noun; expensive
=
an adjective; bicycle
=
a noun
2.
My sister has a beautiful house.
3.
We often eat at an Italian restaurant.
4.
Maria sings her favorite songs in the shower.
5.
Olga likes American hamburgers.
6.
You like sour apples, but
I
like sweet fruit.
7.
Political leaders make important decisions.
8.
Heavy traffic creates noisy streets.
9.
Poverty causes serious problems in the world.
10.
Young people have interesting ideas about modern music.
,
.
EXERCISE
4:
Add

EXERCISE
5:
Find each
NOUN.
Is the noun used as:
the subject of the sentence?
the object of the verb?
the object of a preposition?
1.
Bob and his wife like coffee with their breakfast.
-*
Bob
=
a noun, used
as
a subject of the sentence
wife
=
a
noun, used as
a
subject of the sentence
coffee
=
a
noun, object of the verb "like"
breakfast
=
a noun, object of the preposition "with"
130

You
speak English.
(e)
She
speaks English.
(g)
He
speaks English.
(
i
)
It
starts at
8:OO.
(k)
We
speak English.
(m)
You
speak English.
(0)
They
speak English.
OBJECT
PRONOUNS
(b) Bob knows
me.
(d) Bob knows
you.
(

u-
(
s
)
I
have
o
red
book.
It
is on my desk.
u-
SUBBCT
-
OBJECT
I-me
you
-
you
she
-
her
he
-
him
it
-
it
we
-

Tony.
Sometimes a pronoun refers to a "noun phrase."
In
(s):
it
refers to the whole phrase
a
red
book.
NOUNS AND PRONOUNS
.
131
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EXERCISE
6:
Complete the sentences. Use
PRONOUNS
(I,
me,
he,
him,
etc.).
1.
Rita has a book.
She
bought
It
last week.
2.
I

are beautiful.
8.
Ann
and
I
have a
dinner
invitation. Mr. and Mrs. Brown want
to come to dinner at their house.
9.
Judy has a new car.
is a Toyota.
10.
My husband and
I
have a new car. got lab.
month.
a;:
;%:%;,,
$.'
?.
.,
:
EXERCISE
7:
Complete the sentences. Use
PRONOUNS.
:
w
+~&

A:
Is the chemical formula for water H30?
';
'
;
.
.
i.
G'
,
,
,
.
,.

,I,
B
:
No, isn't. is
H20.
3.
A:
Would Judy and you like to come to the movie with us?
,
I
.'

,.
,,J;
,

I,
B:
No, don't. live in the suburbs.
I
:mn
.
visited last month.
5.
A:
Do you know how to spell "Mississippi"?
B:
Sure!
I
can spell is easy to spell.
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6.
A:
Is Paul Cook
in
your class?
B:
Yes, is.
I
sit next to
7.
A:
Yoko and
I
are
going to go downtown this afternoon. Do you want to come with

Yes, do.
I
invite to my house often.
We like to play cards together.
A:
Who usually wins your card games?
B:
Mike. is a really good card player. We can't beat
,
.
.'
.
.
.
.I'
.
'
,
,I
:

~.~-
~
.~.
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10.
A:
Hi,
Ann.
How do you like your new apartment?

one cup
one elephant five e&phanta
End of noun:
consonant
+
-y
Plural form:
change
y
to
i,
add
-es.
(c)
boy
b4ys
End of noun:
vowel
+
-y
k~
Plural form: add
-6.
(d)
wifs
.,
wives
End of noun:
-fe
or

-
(f)
tomato
tomatoe.
End of noun:
consomant
+
-0
potato
.
potatoes
Plural form:
add
-8s.
ZOO

zoos
End of noun:
vowel
+
-0
radio radios
Plural form add
-6.
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H
EXERCISE
8:
Complete the sentences. Use the plural form of the words in the lists. Use
each word only one time.

7.
People carry their food on
at a cafeteria.
8.
We always use our
when we write compositions
9.
Good evening, and gentlemen.
,
'
10.
ride horses.
.
,
NOUNS
AND
PRONOUNS
8
1s
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LIST
B:
c;
'*i.
.I
knife wife
71
thief
11.
Please

LIST
C:
.~
>
match
.
,

Li
S J
sandwich
.;2c,>*j
8
,
*,(
I
:
16.
Bob
drink,
, it
of water every day.
17.
There are
two
:
male and female.
18.
Please
put

.
,.>
,
.
'
26.
We often eat
for lunch.
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EXERCISE
9:
Practice the pronunciation of
-81-os.*
GROUP
A:
Fial
-8
is pronounced /z/ after voiced sounds.
1.
taxicabs
7.
years
2,
beds
8.
lives
3,
dogs
9.
trees

cats
.
15.
cups
.
,.
_.
18.
students
GROUP
C:
Final
-81-eu
is pronounced lazl
after "s" sounds:
19.
classes
.
,
,.
'r
,
20.
glasses
21.
horses
.,.i !
.
Ti
.

28,
sexes
29.
sizes
30.
exercises
31.
roses
32,
noises
33,
dishes
34,
bushes
35.
matches
CUJ!.l.
36.
sandwiches
.,
:
.,;,I
.~;
,r,<,#.i,,;i,
37.
pages
38.
ages
.
.

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EXERCISE
10:
Practice the pronunciation of
-s/-es.
Find the plural
NOUN(S)
in
each
sentence. Pronounce the noun(s). Then read the sentence aloud.
1.
There are twenty desks in the room.
2. Oranges are usually sweet.
3. Roses are beautiful flowers. Rose bushes are beautiful.
4. The weather is terrible. It's raining cats and dogs.
We are reading sentences aloud.
I
like to visit new places.
We do exercises
in
class.
I
need two pieces of paper.
Don wants three sandwiches for lunch.
At the zoo you can see tigers, monkeys,
birds, elephants, bears, and snakes.
Department stores sell many sizes of clothes.
The students are carrying books and bookbags.
13. The teachers have their offices in this building.
14. Engineers build bridges.

teeth
(f)
woman
women
(9)
fish
Fph
(h) (none)'
PWJh
Mr.
Smith has one child.
Mr.
Cook has two
children.
I
have a rightfoot
and
a left foot.
I
have two
feet.
I
see a
man
on the street.
I
see two
maz
on the street.
My cat sees a mouse. Cats like to catch

and the plural form of the
NOUN
Example: one child
Response: two children
1. one child
7.
one fish
13. one sentence 19, one girl
2.
one woman 8. one page
14. oneman
20.
one exercise
3.
one tooth
9.
one place 15. one orange
2
1.
one tooth
4. one foot
10. one banana 16. one foot
22.
one woman
5.
oneman
1
1.
one child 17. one knife
23.

drink
List
3
Animals
and
List
4
Things
for
sale at
(nume
ofa
local store)
insects
A
air
BbuSheS
E
earth
F
fish
Score:
13
Score:
Score:
Score:
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UNS: COUNT AND NONCOUh
I
COUNT

much
money
Do not
use
a.
A
noncount noun does
a
little
money
COMMON NONCOUNT NOWS
advlce mail
bread PWr
furniture money cheese
rice
help
music
wffe
salt
homework
Pew
.
fwd
soup
informarion tWFc
hit sugar
jewelv
weather meat tea
'a
luck work milk warn

COUNT
9.
COUNT
10.
COUNT
11.
COUNT
NONCOUNT
She has
a
win.
NONCOUNT
She has
some money.
NONCOUNT
She has
some letters.
NONCOUNT
She has
some
mail.
NONCOUNT
The street is
full
of
@a&.
NONCOUNT
There are
a lot of cars
in

COUNT
20.
COUNT
-
21.coUNT
22.
COUNT
NONCOUNT
NONCOUNT
NONCOUNT
NONCOUNT
NONCOUNT
NONCOUNT
NONCOUNT
NONCOUNT
NONCOUNT
NONCOUNT
NONCOUNT
\
We have
an assignment.
I
like
music.
Would you like
some coffee?
Our school has
a library.
People want
peace

you see in the classroom.
1.
Iseea
.
I
see a
I
see a and a
2.
Iseetwo
3.
I
see three
I
four
/
five
/
six
I
etc.
4.
I see some
5.
I
see a lot of
6.
I
seemany
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(b) I work
in
an
om.
and o:
an apartment, an elephant, an idea,
an
ocean.
In (c): Notice that
an
is used because the adjective
(014
(c)
hk.
Lee is
an
old
man.
begins with a vowel and comes
in
front of a sin- count
noun
(man).
(d)
I
have
an
uncle.
Use
an

to f~sh my work.
In some words that begin with the
"h"
is not
pronounced. Instead, the word begins with a vowel sound
COMPARE:
and
an
is used:
an
hour,
an
honor.
(g)
I
live
in
a
house.
He lives
in
a
hotel.
In
most words that begin with
"h,"
the "hh"is pronounced.
Use
a
if the

man.
.t+.
<
:;-,j::> T
t;.',
8.
I
need to see doctor.
9.
Cuba is island.
10.
Mary
is reading
article in the newspaper.
11.
Billis uncle. He has niece and two nephews.
12. hour has sixty minutes.
13.
horse has hooves.
NOUNS AND PRONOUNS
W
14
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.+',".'
.,
14.
Miss
Anderson has job.
-,s-,
.

live
in
noisy apamnent building.
4.
Jake
has honest face.
J
5.
Does Mark own horse?
6.
A
fly is insect.
7.
Sonya's English class lasts hour.
,
:L.,!
,!.
8.
Ihad interesting experience.
I,

I!,
.
9.
My father has office downtown. It's insurance office.
10. Gary and Joel are having
argument in the cafeteria.
It
is
unpleasant situation.

singular
count nouns.
In
(a):
the
word
pen
is a singular count noun.
I
*Reminder:
Noncount nouns do
not
have
s
plural
form.
Noncount
nouna
arc
grpmmaticdly singular.
W
CHAPTER4
(b)
I
have
some
pens.
;
-
7

EXERCISE
1
7:
Use
a/an
or
aoms
with
the
COUNT
NOUNS
in the following sentences. Are the
nouns singular or plural?
1.
Bob has
0
book on his desk.
+
book
=
a
singular count noun
2.
Bob has
Some
books on his desk.
+
books
=
a

class.
I
12.
We are doing
exercises
in
class.
.*I,
EXERCISE
18:
Use
a,
an,
or
some
with
the nouns in the following sentences. Are they
singular count nouns or noncount nouns?
1.
I need
Some
money.
-'
money
=
a
noncount noun
2.
I need
0

I'dlike glass of water.
I
,C
milk.
1
1.
Ann
would like
12.
I need
sugar for my coffee. Please hand me the sugar. Thanks.
NOUNS
AND
PRONOUNS
.
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13.
I wantto make sandwich.
14.
I
need bread and cheese.
15.
I'd like to have soup with my sandwich.
EXERCISE
19:
Use
alan
or
som.
1.

would like fruit.
10.
I need information about the bus schedule.
1
1.
I'm confused. I need advice.
12.
I'm looking out the window. I see cars,
bus, and trucks on the street.
I
see traffic.
13.
Bob is having beans, meat, and
bowl of soup for dinner.
EXERCISE
20:
Use the word
in
italics
to complete the sentence. Add
-s
to a
COUNT
NOUN
(or give the irregular plural form). Do not add
-s
to a
NONCOUNT NOUN.
1.
money

8.
furniture
9.
chair
10.
child
11.
homework
12.
adwice
13.
suggestion
14.
help
15
tea
16.
food
17.
sandwich
18.
animal
19.
banana
I
want to listen to some
Don wants to buy some
for his girlfriend.
I
need some

fruit
I'm hungry.
I
would like some
21.
weather
We're having some hot
right now.
22, picture
I
have some
of my family in my wallet.
23.
ria,
bean
I
usually have some and
for dinner.
EXERCISE
2
1
:
Change the italicized noun to its
PLURAL
FORM
if possible, changing
a
to
aome.
Make other changes

in my mailbox.
There's
a lot ofm&
on Main Street.
There's
a car
on Main Street.
.
,
Our
teacher assigns
a lot of homewrk.
;
sx.4;
,
>L~,
:;*'
,A>
'
.
-\-,:
,.
\
I like rock
music.
-'
. . .
+?tr
,
.

I
hope you do well on your exam. Good
luck,
148
W
CHAPTER
4
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EXERCISE 22-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED):
Use
a,
an,
or
some
with
the given word.
Example:
book
Example:
books
Example:
money
Rarpanse:
a book
Response:
some books
Response:
some money
1.
desk

5.
chair
18.
bananas
31.
women
44.
cheese
6.
chairs
19.
banana
32.
oranges
45.
matches
7.
furniture
20.
fruit
33.
orange
46.
adjective
8.
child
21.
island
34.
place

rice
38.
letter
51.
potato
13.
information
26,
boys
39.
letters
52.
sugar
\
EXERCISE 23:
Make the nouns
PLURAL
where necessary ;

,
&
,ds.
p:J.iu,.
.
.:
*'
*
\
$
.s

in
Asia.
/
9.
Children like
to
play with toy.
"
1
n.
Our
teacher gives us a lot of homework
1 1.
My bookcase has three shelf.
-
7
12.
There
are
five woman and seven man
in
this class.
13.
Bangkok has a lot of hot weather.
NOUNS
AND
PRONOUNS
149
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14.

glass of water.
specific quantity, for example:
a glass of, a cup of, a piece of.
(c) I'd like
a cup of coffee.
In (a):
some water
=
an unspecific quantity.
(d) I'd like
a piece offiuit.
In
@):
a glass of water
=
a
specific quantity.
COMMON
EXPRESSIONS
OF
MEASURE
a bag of rice
a
bunch
of banam
a jar of pickles
a bar of soap
a can of
corn*
a loaf of bread

24:
Complete the following. Use
a
piece
of,
a
cup
of,
a
glass of,
or
a
bowl of.
You are hungry and thirsty. What would you like?
I.
a cup
of
/
a
_alass
of
tea
2.
bread
3.
water
4.
coffee
5.
cheese

a
jar of
4.
I
also got a loaf of and,
a
box of
5.
I
wanted to get a head of
,
but none of it looked fresh.
6.
I
got a couple of bottles of
and a jar of
EXERCISE 26-ORAL (BOOKS CLOSED):
Use
I
would
like.
Use
alan
or
some.
Example:
coffee
Response:
I
would like some coffee.

water
12.
new pencil
13.
information
14.
help
15.
advice
16. food
17.
sandwich
18. meat
19.
roast beef
20.
soup
21.
salt
22.
sugar
23.
fish
24.
new car
25.
new shirtblouse
26.
new shoes
27.