Từ vựng chủ đề: ALL WORK AND NO PLAY

1 READING

1. relax /rI’lAks/ verb
1. [intransitive] to rest and allow yourself to become calm: thư giãn
Just sit down and try to relax for half an hour.
2. [transitive] to make rules, controls, conditions, etc. less strict: giảm nhẹ, buông
lỏng
We could relax the procedure slightly in your case.
relaxation /,ri:lAk’seISn/ noun:
1. [count or uncount]: an activity or situation that makes it possible for you to rest
and enjoy yourself: sự nghỉ ngơi, sự giải trí
Fishing is his favorite relaxation.
2. [uncount] the process of making rules, controls, conditions, etc. more relaxed: sự
nới lỏng
relaxation of: the relaxation of travel restrictions
relaxed /rI’lAkst/ adjective
a relaxed smile, a relaxed style of teaching
relaxing /rI’lAksIN/ adjective
a long relaxing bath

2. go by phrasal verb[intransitive]
If time goes by, it passes: (thời gian) trôi qua

3. chore /tSc:r/ noun [count]
an ordinary job that must be done regularly: việc vặt thường ngày
household domestic chores

4. unwind /Vn’waInd/ (past tense and past participle unwound /…/) verb
1. [intransitive] INFORMAL to begin to relax after you have been working hard or

flavoring /’fleIvCrIN/ noun [count or uncount]
A substance added to food or drink to give it a special flavor: đồ gia vị, hương
liệu.
lemon/chocolate flavoring

8. excuse /Ik’skjU:z/ noun [count]
A reason you give to explain why you have done something bad, or why you have
not done something that you should have done: nguyên cớ, lý do
excuse for: What excuse did they give for the delay?
an excuse to do something: Emily was glad of an excuse to change the subject.
have an excuse: Joe was late, but as always he had an excuse.
make/give an excuse: He made some excuse about having a lot of work to do.
excuse /Ik’skjU:z / verb [transitive]
To forgive someone for something bad they have done, especially something that
is very not serious: thứ lỗi cho ai/ việc gì
excuse someone for (doing) something: I hope you’ll excuse us for leaving so early.
excuse me? (Spoken)
1. used for politely getting someone’s attention:
Excuse me, do you know what time it is?
2. used for showing you are sorry for interrupting someone:
Excuse me, but there’s a phone call for you.
3. AMERICAN used for asking someone to repeat something:
“How old are you?” “Excuse me?”

9. socialize /’sCUSClaIz / verb [intransitive]
To spend time with other people socially, for example at a party: hòa mình, hòa
nhập, xã hội hóa
He never socializes with people from work.
recent immigrants to the country who are not fully socialized
socialization /,sCUSClaI’zeISn/ noun [uncount]

at present: now
At present, the outlook for any kind of negotiated solution appears bleak.
for the present used for saying that something exists or happens in the period
of time happening now but may not be permanent:
It was useless to talk about it any more, at least for the present.

12. present /’prezCnt / adjective
1[only before noun] existing or happening now: hiện thời.
The present situation cannot be allowed to continue.
the present day (=now): the history of Jamestown from the 17th century to the
present day
2 [never before noun] at an event, or in a place: có mặt.
I wasn’t present when Dr. Allott examined Clare.
present at: Among those present at the ceremony were Michael Sandel and
Carolyn Ewing.
present in: Both kinds of nucleic acid are present in all cells.
presently /’prezCntlI / adverb
1 OLD-FASHIONED soon: sớm, ngay chốc lát.
He’ll be with you presently.
2 FORMAL at the present time: hiện thời.
Presently, Rachel is heading our research group.

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13. present /prI’zent/ verb
1 [transitive] to give something to someone formally or officially: trao tặng
present someone with something: We are very pleased to have been presented
with this prestigious award.
present something to someone: Finally the Mayor presented the medals to the
winners.

an outside toilet
We will need outside before we can finish.
2 [preposition]
You can park your car outside our house.
The matter is outside my area of responsibility.
3 [adverb] moving or looking out of somewhere
I walked over to the window and looked outside.
Let’s go outside and sit in the sun. 4
15. treadmill /’tredmIl/ noun
[count] a piece of exercise equipment with a flat moving surface that you walk
or run on while staying in the same place: máy chạy bộ.

16. get out phrasal verb
1 [intransitive] to go to different places and spend time enjoying yourself:
We don’t get out much, since we have a young baby.
2 [intransitive] used for telling someone to leave:
The teacher screamed at him to get out.
get out of: Get out of my house!
3 [transitive] to remove something that is inside or mixed with something else:
I washed the shirt twice, but I couldn’t get the stain out.
get something out of something: Mike got a sliver of glass out of Jenny’s toe.
17. outdoor /’CUt,dc:r/ adjective [only before noun]
1 done outside: ngòai trời, ở ngòai
outdoor activities such as walking and camping
outdoor pursuits
2 designed for or used outside, especially when camping, walking, etc.:
outdoor clothing/equipment

[uncount] the art of designing pictures and TEXT for magazines,
advertisements, etc.: thiết kế đồ hoạ
graphic designer: noun [count]

7 READING

20. nonstop /,nOn’stOp/ adjective
1 continuing without a pause: liên tục
nonstop entertainment from noon to midnight
2 going directly from one place to another: không dừng chặng nào
a nonstop flight from New York to Paris
nonstop adverb
We danced nonstop for about an hour.

21. meteorology /,.mi:tIC’rOlCdZI/ noun [uncount]
the scientific study of weather: khí tượhg học
meteorologist /,.mi:tIC’rOlCdZIst / noun [count]: nhà khí tượng học
meteorological /,.mi:tICrC’lOdZIkl / adjective

22. keep an eye on
to take care of someone or something: để mắt tới, trông chừng
Will you keep an eye on things here until I get back?

23. observation /,ObzCr’veISn/ noun
1 [uncount] the process of watching someone or something carefully, in order to
find something out: sự theo dõi, sự quan sát
She’s been admitted to the hospital for observation.
observation of: a detailed observation of the birds that visited the garden
2 under observation: being watched carefully by doctors or police officers
She remains under observation at a psychiatric facility.

report doing something: Witnesses reported hearing a loud noise before the
airplane crashed.
3 [intransitive or transitive] to give information about something in a news article
or broadcast: tường thuật
The story was reported differently on every channel.
report on: Three CNN journalists were sent to report on the conflict.
report that: Our sources have reported that the president had lost control of the
country.
report: noun
1 [count] a spoken summary or written document that gives information about a
particular subject, situation, or event: bản báo cáo, bản tường trình
According to the police report, the victim died of a knife wound.
the company’s annual report
report on: We have to write a short report on the conference.
2 [count] a piece of information about an event, that may or may not be true: bản
tin
report of: We’re getting reports of a fresh outbreak of fighting in the region.
report that: The hospital refused to confirm reports that the nurses are
considering a strike.
reporter /rI’pc:tCr/ noun
[count] someone whose job is to write articles or make broadcasts about events
in the news: JOURNALIST: phóng viên

SYNONYMS report » description » story » account
» version 7
These are all words for a written or spoken account of events.
» report a written or spoken account of an event, especially one that is published or


26. come and go
1 to arrive at a place and then leave it:
The woman in the apartment downstairs has people coming and going at all
hours.
2 to be present or happen for a limited time and then stop:
The pain in my leg comes and goes.
(Chân tôi bị đau rồi lại khỏi.)
Governments come and go but does anything really change?
(Các chính phủ thành lập rồi lại suy tàn nhưng thật sự có thay đổi gì không?)

27. loft /lOft/ noun
[count] a space under the roof of a building, often used for storing things: gác
xếp

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28. up /Vp/ B function word
Up can be used in the following ways:
as an adverb:
Their voices could be heard up in our room.
Mary looked up at him.
I stood up.
as a preposition:
He climbed up the steps.
I set off up the road.
as an adjective:
the up escalator
after the verb “to be”:
He was up early the next morning.


volunteer verb

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[intransitive] to offer or choose to do something without being forced: tình
nguyện
volunteer to do something: An accountant volunteered to help with the wildlife
sanctuary’s accounts.
volunteer for: Thirty-two patients volunteered for the research study.

voluntary /’vOlCntrI/ adjective
1 a voluntary action is done because you choose to do it, and not because you
have to: tình nguyện
an attractive package to encourage voluntary early retirement
The advertising of alcoholic drinks is regulated by a voluntary code.
— opposite MANDATORY
voluntarily /’vOlCntrClI / adverb
Did he do it voluntarily, or did you make him?
31. range /reIndZ/ noun
[count] a number of different things that are of the same general type: loại
a wide range of: đủ loại
We stock a wide range of office furniture.

8 IN CONVERSATION

32. delicious /dI’lISCs/ adjective: with a very pleasant taste or smell: thơm, ngon
This sauce is delicious with fish or vegetables.
The fruit tasted delicious.
absolutely/simply/quite delicious: The cheese is soft and white and absolutely
delicious.

serving a meal: chén dĩa.
do/wash the dishes: rửa chén bát
Who’s going to do the dishes?

35. laundry /’lc:ndrI/ noun
1 [uncount] dirty clothes that you are washing, or clean clothes that have just been
washed: quần áo đưa giặt hoặc quần áo đã giặt xong
do the laundry (=wash clothes): I do the cooking and my husband does the
laundry.
2 [count] a business that washes and IRONS clothes: tiệm giặt ủi

36. garbage /’go:bIdZ/ noun
[uncount] waste material that you are throwing away, for example spoiled food
or empty containers. British usually rubbish: rác
take out the garbage: đổ rác
garbage bag noun
[count] AMERICAN a large plastic bag used for holding garbage: túi đựng rác
garbage can noun
[count] AMERICAN a large deep container with a lid that you keep outside for
holding garbage that is ready to be collected. British dustbin: thùng rác

37. mop /mop/ noun
[count] an object with a long handle and a mass of thick strings or a SPONGE
on one end, used for washing floors: cây lau nhà
mop verb
[intransitive or transitive] to wash a floor using a mop: lau, chùi
Don’t go in the kitchen, I’ve just finished mopping the floor.

38. sweep /swi:p/ (past tense and past perfect swept /swept/) verb
[intransitive or transitive] to clean a floor, the ground, or another surface using a

VOMIT: nôn, mửa
I feel terrible, I’ve been throwing up all night!
She ate a good breakfast then threw it all back up

41. mix up phrasal verb
1 [transitive] to think that one person or thing is another person or thing:
MISTAKE FOR: nhầm lẫn
mix up with: I think I’m mixing him up with someone else.
They look so alike that it’s easy to mix them up.
2 [transitive] to put things together without any order: làm lộn xộn
I sorted all the papers and you’ve mixed them up again.

42. goof /gu:f/ verb [intransitive] AMERICAN goof or goof up to make a stupid mistake:
phạm một lỗi lầm ngu ngốc

43. get to do something
[intransitive or transitive never passive] to have the opportunity or be able to do
something.
Did you get to visit the Vietnam Memorial when you were in Washington?
Her brothers went out a lot, but Lisa never got to go.

44. stand /stAnd/ verb
[transitive] (usually in negatives or questions) to be able to accept and deal with
something unpleasant: BEAR: chịu đựng
How do you stand him being here all the time?
can’t stand somebody: I can’t stand his brother.

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can’t stand something: I can’t stand the sight of blood.
can’t stand doing something: She couldn’t stand being kept waiting.


47. yuck /jVk/ interjection
used for saying that you think someone or something is dirty, ugly, or
unpleasant: kinh quá, khiếp quá
Oh, yuck! It’s slimy!

48. allowance /C’lCUents/ noun
[count] an amount of money that someone receives regularly, in order to pay for
the things they need: tiền trợ cấp
She receives a monthly allowance of $500.
a housing/clothing allowance (=money given to help people with their rent,
clothes, or heating): The overseas placement includes a housing allowance.

49. recess /rI’ses/ noun

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[count] AMERICAN a period between school classes when students can eat,
rest, or play. British break: giờ giải lao
recess: verb [intransitive] to have a recess between periods of work: giải lao 14