INDIRECT SPEECH, composed by [email protected]
INDIRECT SPEECH
I. DIRECT SPEECH:
1. Statement: ( Câu thông báo, gồm câu khẳng đ nh và câu ph đ nh)ị ủ ị
a. Affirmative: Jason said, " Tom has worked here since last year."
b. Negative : I don't like that house", she said.
2. Questions:
a. Yes- No question: Are you tired?", Tom asked me./ Do you work here?", Tom asked.
b. Wh/ How- questions: " When did you go to bed last night?", the policeman asked him.
" How long have you been there?", Jason asked.
3. Command and request: Go away!", she told us. — " Open the door, please", she requested.
4. Exclamation: How intelligent he is!", she said. — " What a lovely garden!"
II. INDIRECT SPEECH:
1.1. Indirect speech th ng dùng đườ ể kể lại, thuật lại lời nói của ng ười khác
1.2. Reporting verbs:
E.g. a. " Where did you go last night?", Mary asked John.
Mary asked John where he had gone the night before.
( Khi reporting verb(s) ở present / future thì chúng ta thay đổi ừ liên quan đến người; khi reporting verb(s) ở quá khứ,
chúng ta phải thay đổi tenses, persons, adverbs và đôi khi cả động từ)
b. - I shall come back to this restaurant .", he said.
E.g. He has said that he will come back to that restaurant.
He said that he would come back to that restaurant.
1.3. Changing persons:
I → he/ she; me/you → him/her; my → his/ her
We → they ; us → them; our → their
Mine → his/hers ; our → theirs ; myself → himself/herself.
1.4. Changing tenses:
* General rule : “ We have to go one tense back if reporting verb is at a past tense”.
1. Present → Past ; 2. Past → Past perfect ; 3. Future → Future in the Past
* Present perfect → Past perfect * Future perfect → Modal perfect (would have V3/Ved)
* can → could/ may → might / have to, has to → had to/

→ They said to/ told Jason that he hadn’t learnt well recently.
2. QUESTIONS:
2.1. Yes- No question:
asked O
S + wondered IF/WHETHER S +V (ch) + ( O/C/A)
wanted to know
IF/ WHETHER: (liệu có hay không.)
1. He asked me," Do you like these trousers?" - He asked me if I liked those trousers.
2. "Will you go to school next Sunday, Jack?" asked Mary.
- Mary asked Jack whether he would go to school the next Sunday.
Notes:
a.
Yes
and
no
are expressed in indirect speech by: subject + appropriate auxiliary verb:
- He said, 'Can you swim?' and I said 'No' .
→ He asked (me) if I could swim and I said I couldn't.
-He said, 'Will you have time to do it?' and I said 'Yes'
→ He asked if I would have time to do it and I said that I would.
b. whether can emphasize that a choice has to be made:
- 'Do you want to go by air or sear the travel agent asked
→ The travel agent asked whether I wanted to go by air or by sea.
* Note whether or not:
'Do you want to insure your luggage or not?”, he asked
→ He asked whether or not I wanted to insure my luggage or
→ He asked if I wanted to insure my luggage or not.
c. whether + infinitive is possible after wonder, want to know:
'Shall/Should I wait for them or go on?”, he wondered
→ He wondered whether to wait for them or go on or

4.2.
S + exclaimed/ said / told (O) + what (a/an) adj N (s) + S + V(ch.)
+ how adj/ adv. + S + V (ch.)
He said, “ What a dreadful idea!” or “ How dreadful!”
→ He said that what a dreadful idea it was/ how dreadful it was.
4.3.
S + gave an exclamation of delight/ disgust/ horror/ relief/ surprise…
“ Good.”, he exclaimed. → He gave an exclamation of pleasure/ satisfaction.
4.4.
With an exclamation of delight/ disgust/ horror…, S + V + ( O/ C/ A)
“ Ugh!”, she exclaimed and turned the programme off.
With an exclamation of disgust, she turned the programme off
NOTES:

a
. Other types of exclamation, such as
Good!/ Marvellous! (Tuy t!)/ Splendid!(H t s y!) ệ ế ẩ Heavens!( Tr i ờ
i!)/ Oh!(O!)/ ơ Uah!
(ghê quá!) etc. can be reported as
,
in (b) or (c) above:
b. Note also:
He said, 'Thank you!' = He thanked me.
He said, 'Curse this fog!' = He cursed the fog.( nguy n r a, ch i r a)ề ủ ử ủ
He said, 'Good luck!' = He wished me luck.
He said, 'Happy Christmas!' = He wished me a happy Christmas.
He said, 'Congratulations!' = He congratulated me.
He said, 'Liar!' = He called me a liar.
He said, 'Damn!'etc. = He swore.
The notice said: WELCOME TO WALES'. =The notice welcomed visitors to Wales.

8.“ Let + O + V …” → ask….to let….
“ Let me go”, said Jason to his principal teacher.
→ Jason asked his principal teacher to let him go.
• Reporting command and request depends on situation, speaker’s position, which helps to choose the
accurate reporting verb.
• Some famous verbs that are used to report command& request
1. advise SO (not) to do sth: (khuyen ai nen lam/ khong nen lam viec gi)
* The doctor advised the patient to take those pills.
* Teacher usually advises his/her students not to smoke.
2. apologize (to SO) for doing/ having done sth: ( xin loi ai vì da lam gi)
* She apologized (to her boss) for being late yesterday.
3. ask/ tell sO (not) to do sth: ( yeu cau, sai, bao ai lam/ khong lam gi)
* My parents asked me to study hard.
* Jason told us (not) to shut the door.
4. command/ order sO to do sth: ( ra lenh cho ai phai lam gi)
* The officer commanded/ ordered his men to fire.
5. object to (doing) sth: ( phan doi (lam) viec gi)
* I strongly objected to being charged a fee for using my credit card.
Object + that : I objected that he was too young for the job.
6. request sO to do sth: (yeu cau ai lam gì) – be requested to do sth : (duoc yeu cau lam gi)
* The police requested drivers to take care on the icy road.
( Drivers were requested to take care on the icy road.)
7. suggest : goi y/ de nghi
Suggest + V-ing: - He suggested taking the children to the zoo.
Suggest + that : - I suggested that we (should) break for lunch now.
Suggest (to SO) that: - I suggested to the others that they could join us.
8. remind sO to do sth: ( nhac ai laøm gi)
* Please remind me to buy a loaf of bread.
9. deny doing sth/ deny that : phu nhan, khong thua nhan (da lamgi).
* She denied knowing anything about it.

8 'Who will be umpiring that match?' asked Tom.
9 'Who wants a lift home?' said Ann.
10 'Who has just dropped a $10 note?' I asked.
III.
1 'What country do you come from?' said Bill.
2 'How long have you been here?' said Ann.
3 'Are you working as well as studying?' asked Peter.
4 'Have you got a work permit?' Bill wanted to know.
5 'What are you going to study?' asked Ann.
6 'Have you enrolled for more than one class?' said Peter.
7 'Do you want to buy any second-hand books?' said Bill.
8 'Have you seen the library?' asked Ann.
9 'Do you play rugby?' said Peter.
10 'Will you have time to play regularly?' he went on.
IV.
1 Tom invited Ann to come for a drive the following day.
2 Ann accepted with pleasure and asked where he was thinking of going.
3 He said he'd leave it to her.
4 She suggested Stratford . . .
5 adding that she hadn't been there for ages.
6 Tom agreed and said that they might go on the river if it was a fine day.
7 Ann wondered what was on at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre.
8 Tom said they'd find out when they got there
9 adding that it was usually possible to get seats on the day of the play.
10 He asked Ann if she could be ready by ten.
V.
INDIRECT SPEECH, composed by [email protected]
1. My friend said, "Are you going to leave tomorrow?"
2."Have you done your homework?", said my mother.
3. I asked Bill, "What time did you go to bed last night?"

20. “It’s too expensive to have dinner at a restaurant.”, Tom objected. (object)
21. “I must have made a mistake in the calculations.”, said Mr Forest.(admit)
22. “I’ll pay for the meal.”, Sarah insisted. (insist)
INDIRECT SPEECH, composed by [email protected]
23. Neil told us, “Perhaps we can go to Paris for the weekend.” (suggest)
24. “I’m sorry. I couldn’t come to visit you last summer.”, Kate said to her parents. (apologize)
25. “I hear you won the championship. Congratulations!”, Said Dane. (congratulate)
26. “I wish I’d asked for his name and address.”, said Tom. (regret)
27. James said to Daisy, “You are selfish.” (accuse)
28. “You mustn’t drink too much caffeine.”, Marta said to Martin. (warn…… against / warn …to-inf))
29. “We should take the jumper back to the shop.”, Jack said to us.(recommend + O + to-inf / recommend + gerund)
30. “It’s not true! I have never been arrested by the police.”, Larry said. (deny)
EXERCISE 6: Complete the following sentences without changing their meanings:
1. The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.” The doctor advised me
2. Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.” Mary suggested …………………………………………………………
3. “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said. Bill denied ………………………………………………………….
4. “You told a lie, Tom”, she said. She accused Tom ………………………………………………………………
5. “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary. Mary apologized for
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. “I won’t help you with your homework. Never ! ” Jane said to me. Jane refused
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Joe said, “Please come to my party.” Joe invited.…………………………………………………………
8. Mr. Gray said, “Don’t play in the street.” Mr. Gray warned the children not
9. “Would you like to come on a picnic with us? They invited .…………………………………………………………
10. “Please don’t tell anybody what happened.” He asked .…………………………………………………………
11. “If you don’t give me a pay rise. I’ll resign.” She threatened
12. “I’ll finish the work by the end of this week.” John promised
13. “You ought to take a break, Andrew.” She advised.…………………………………………………………
14. “Don’t forget to go to the supermarket after work.” They reminded
15. “Stay away from me.” Tom warned .…………………………………………………………