SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO VĨNH PHÚC
TRƯỜNG THPT VĂN QUÁN

BÁO CÁO CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN THI ĐẠI HỌC
TÊN CHUYÊN ĐỀ : ĐẢO NGỮ
Tác giả : Nghiêm Thị Thủy
Chức vụ : Giáo viên
Đơn vị : THPT Văn Quán
Đối tượng bồi dưỡng : Lớp 12
Dự kiến số tiết bồi dưỡng : 08
Kiến thức: Dùng cho ôn thi Đại học, cao đẳng.
Dạng bài tập : Trắc nghiệm khách quan và tự luận.

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LỜI GIỚI THIỆU
Đảo ngữ (Inversion) trong tiếng anh là một trong những dạng bài tập mà học sinh
thường gặp nhiều khó khăn trong khi làm bài tập. Đây là dạng bài tương đối rắc rối với nhiều
cấu trúc đảo khác nhau. Hơn nữa, các câu hỏi về đảo ngữ cũng thường xuyên có mặt trong
các đề thi Đại học, Cao đẳng hàng năm của Bộ. Tài liệu này một phần nào đó sẽ giúp các em
học sinh hiểu rõ hơn về dạng bài tập này.

2


MỤC LỤC
Nội dung

Trang


- Đảo ngữ chủ ngữ - trợ động từ (subject – auxiliary inversion) : đưa trợ động từ ra trước
chủ ngữ)
Ví dụ : He had rarely seen such a sunset.
=> Rarely had he seen such a sunset.
Đối với loại đảo ngữ thứ 2, chúng ta có các trường hợp đảo ngữ cụ thể như sau:
1. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT
No + N + auxiliary + S + Verb(inf)
Not any + N + auxiliary + S + verb(inf)
Ví dụ : No money shall I lend you from now on
= Not any money shall I lend you from now on
2. Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định: Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly ever,..: hiếm
khi mà
Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever+ auxiliary+ S+ V
Ví dụ : Never in mid-summer does it snow
Hardly ever does he speak in the public
Little did I know that he was a compulsive liar.
3. Đảo ngữ với ONLY

4


Only one:
Only later:
Chỉ bằng cách này/ kia
Only in this way:
Only in that way:
Ví dụ : Only in this way could the problem be solved
Only one did I meet her
Only then + auxiliary+ S+ V
Only after+ N: Chỉ sau khi làm gì

Ví dụ : Hardly had I arrived home when the telephone rang.
(= I had hardly arrived home when the telephone rang.)
Scarcely had she finished reading when she fell asleep.
(= She had scarcely finished reading when she fell asleep.)
Barely had they won the match when the coach had a heart attack.
(= They had barely won the match when the coach had a heart attack.)
No sooner had the company launched its new product than it went bankrupt.
(= The company had no sooner launched its new product than it went bankrupt.)
No sooner did they realize that they had made a mistake than the company went
bankrupt.
(= They no sooner realized that they had made a mistake than the company went bankrupt.)
6. Đảo ngữ với Not only....... but......also....: không những…….mà còn…..
Not only + trợ động từ + S +V + but also + S + V…
hoặc Not only + trợ động từ + S + V + but.... also..........
Ví dụ : Not only is he good at E but he also draw very well
Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly
Not only does he study well, but also he sings well.
7. Đảo ngữ với SO
So+ adj/ adv + auxiliary + S+V+ that clause
Ví dụ : So strange was the situation that I couldn't sleep.
So difficult is the test that students need three months to prepare.
8. Câu đảo ngữ có chứa “Such” mang cấu trúc như sau:

Such + to be + Danh từ +…
Ví dụ : Such is the moment that all greats traverse.
(Thật là thời khắc trở ngại lớn lao).
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Such is the stuff of dreams.



BÀI TẬP
I. Chọn phương án đúng hoàn thành các câu sau đây:
1. ____________________________, you would have succeeded in your business.
A. If you listened to my advice
B. Were you to listen to my advice
C. Had you listened to my advice D. As long as you listened to my advice
2. She doesn’t like classical music and _______________________________.
A. I don’t, too
B. I don’t, either C. neither do I
D. B and C are correct
3. Little ______________ what he has caused to others.
A. does he know B. he knows
C. he can know D. he will know
4. __________ had he entered the office than he realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. Hardly
B. Scarcely
C. No sooner
D. Not only
5. ____________ a week goes by without some road accidents.
A. Hardly
B. Seldom
C. Never
D. Infrequently
II. Chọn phương án được gạch chân cần phải sửa lại trong các câu sau đây:
6. We cannot clean up all the polluted seas and rivers. Nor we can stop the disappearance of
plants and animals.
7. Hardly had he entered the office when he realized that he forgot his wallet.
8. It was not until he was 30 did he get married , had a job and lived independently of his

C. Only after a few months working for him did she feel relaxed.
D. It was not until a few months working for him did she feel relaxed.
16. Right after his appointment to the post, he fell ill.
A. No sooner did he appointed to the post than he fell ill.
B. No sooner had he appointed to the post than he fell ill.
C. Hardly had he appointed to the post when he fell ill.
D. Hardly had he been appointed to the post when he fell ill.
17. Just after solving one problem, I was faced with another.
A. Scarcely had I solved one problem when I was faced with another.
B. Hardly had I solved one problem when I was faced with another.
C. No sooner had I solved one problem than I was faced with another.
D. All are correct.
18. A country cannot be prosperous if it is not quite independent.
A. Unless a country is quite independent, it can be prosperous.
B. Without complete independence, a country can be prosperous.
C. Only when a country is quite independent can it be prosperous.
D. It is not until a country is quite independent can it be prosperous.
19. I only recognized him when he came into the light.
A. Only when I recognized him, he came into the light.
B. It wasn’t until he came into the light that I recognized him
C. Not until he came into the light I did recognize him
D. I did not recognize him even when he came into the light.
20. We couldn’t relax until all the guests had left.
A. Not until all the guests had left could we relax.
B. It wasn’t until all the guests had left that we could relax.
C. It wasn’t until all the guests had left could we relax.
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D. A and B are correct

B. Provided he studied hard last year
C. Studying harder last year
D. Had he studied harder last year
27. ___________________ will Mr. Dennis be able to regain control of the company.
A. With hard work
B. Despite his hard work
C. Only if he works hardly
D. Only by working hard
28. __________ had I arrived home than it began to rain.
A. No sooner
B. Hardly
C. Scarcely
D. Rarely
29. My father paid my fees. _______________that, I wouldn’t be here now.
A. If there were not
B. But for
C. Had it not been for
D. B and C are correct
30. Only after food has been dried or canned ________________________________.
A. it should be stored for future use. B. that it should be stored for future use.
C. should it be stored for future use. D. should it store for future use.
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V. Viết lại các câu sau đây sử dụng các từ gợi ý:
1. You mustn't press this red button under any circumstances.
->Under no circumstances ...................................
2. She'd only just stubbed out one cigarette when she lit another.
->Hardly ...................................
3. We didn't see a soul all day.

-> Only by .................................
19. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property.
-> In no way .................................
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20. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony.
-> No sooner .................................

ĐÁP ÁN
I.
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. D
II.
6. We can
7. forgot
8. did he get married
9. has
10. but also he
III.
11.
12.A 13.
14.D 15.
16.D 17.D 18.
19.
20.D 21.D 22. C 23.D
B



16. At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt.
17. Not until he got home did he remember about the gun.
18. Only by training hard everyday can you become a good athlete.
19. In no way can the shop be held responsible for customers’ lost property.
20. No sooner had the couple arrived than the priest started the ceremony.

KẾT LUẬN
Việc có thể nắm được những cấu trúc đảo ngữ khác nhau là tương đối khó. Để làm
được việc này, học sinh cần nhớ và phân biệt được các cấu trúc, hiểu được các ví dụ và vận
dụng vào làm bài tập. Việc làm các dạng bài tập trắc nghiệm khác nhau ban đầu sẽ giúp học
sinh làm quen và hiểu, sau đó, việc làm các bài tập tự luận viết lại câu sẽ giúp học sinh hiểu
biết sâu hơn và thành thạo hơn khi làm dạng bài tập đảo ngữ này. Với kinh nghiệm trong
nghề còn non trẻ của mình, tôi hi vọng tài liệu này sẽ là tài liệu bổ ích khi tôi triển khai vào
ôn tập cho học sinh ôn thi đại học, cao đẳng sắp tới.
Tài liệu này là tài liệu cá nhân, có tham khảo, trong quá trình viết còn nhiều thiếu sót
chủ quan. Rất mong nhận được những đóng góp quý báu từ phía người đọc để hoàn thiện
hơn!

Văn Quán ngày 06/3/2014

Ngày 07/3/2014

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