TÀI LIỆU TẬP HUẤN GIẢNG VIÊN DẠY
CHUYÊN NGÀNH BẰNG TIẾNG ANH

KHOA: HÓA HỌC


MỤC LỤC

BÀI 1: KINH NGHIỆM XÂY DỰNG CHƯƠNG TRÌNH MÔN HÓA HỌC
BẰNG TIẾNG ANH.......................................................................................................... 2
BÀI 2: MATTER AND CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER .................................. 4
BÀI 3: ELEMENTS AND PERIODIC TABLE ...................................................... 12
BÀI 4: THE ALKALI METALS.................................................................................. 23
BÀI 5: ANKANES ........................................................................................................... 32

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Tài liệu tập huấn giảng viên dạy chuyên ngành bằng tiếng Anh


BÀI 1: KINH NGHIỆM XÂY DỰNG CHƯƠNG TRÌNH MÔN HÓA HỌC
BẰNG TIẾNG ANH

1.1 Cơ sở lý thuyết
Chương trình chi tiết giáo dục đại học ngành Sư phạm Hóa học dạy bằng
tiếng Anh được xây dựng trên cơ sở chương trình khung giáo dục đại học
ngành Sư phạm Hóa học trình độ đại học, ban hành theo quyết định số
2682/QĐ – ĐHSP HN, ngày 21 tháng 9 năm 2009 của Hiệu trưởng trường
Đại học Sư phạm Hà Nội.
Chương trình chi tiết giáo dục đại học ngành Sư phạm Hóa học bằng tiếng
Anh được xây dựng trên cơ sở kế thừa bề dày truyền thống gần 64 năm đào


Anh.
Xây dựng khung trương trình chi tiết

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Xây dựng bài giảng bằng tiếng Anh
Tiến hành dạy mẫu, rút kinh nghiệm

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Chỉnh sửa tài liệu

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Nghiệm thu chương trình và tài liệu giảng dạy Hóa học bằng tiếng Anh
Tiến hành dạy cho sinh viên khoa Hóa học
Hàng năm có tổ chức rút kinh nghiệm, chỉnh sửa chương trình, đề
cương chi tiết cũng như bài giảng cho hoàn thiện.

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Tài liệu tập huấn giảng viên dạy chuyên ngành bằng tiếng Anh


BÀI 2: MATTER AND CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

Vocabulary
Matter


Matter is anything that occupies the space and displays a property
known as mass. Every human being is an object of matter. We all occupy
space, and we describe our mass though a related property, our weight. All
the objects that we see around us are objects of matter. The gases of the
atmosphere, even though they are invisible, are example of matter; they
occupy space and possess mass.
Composition refers to the parts of components of a sample of matter
and their relative proportions. Ordinary water is comprised of two simpler
substances – hydrogen and oxygen – present in certain fixed proportions.
Properties are those qualities or attributes that can be used to
distinguish one sample of matter form others.
Matter is classified into two broad categories, namely, pure substances
and mixtures. A pure substance can be either an element or a compound. The
composition and properties of an element or compound are uniform
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throughout a given sample and from one sample to another. A chemical
element is a substance comprised of a single type of atom. The elements are
the building blocks of our nature. An element is either discovered in nature or
synthesized in the laboratory in pure form that cannot be separated into
simpler substances by chemical methods. Currently, there are about 118
elements discovered; some are found to be unique; no two elements are alike.
Elements are made up of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are the smallest
particles of an element that have the chemical properties of that element. Each
element contains only one type of atoms. The atoms of one element are not the
same as the atoms of another element. Most of the elements exist as
monoatomic forms, which means that the smallest individual complete parts of

A homogeneous mixture is a solution that has a uniform consistency
throughout, for example, a salt solution after dissolving and mixing it
thoroughly. Not only that but also the individual components cannot be
identified. A heterogeneous mixture does not have uniform composition like
homogeneous mixture where the individual components can be identified, for
example, a mixture of sand and salt.
The scheme that classified matter into elements, compounds and
mixtures is summarized in figure 1.

Figure 1. A classification scheme for matter
I.
Comprehension questions
1. What is chemistry?
 Chemistry is the science that deals with the composition and
properties of various forms of matter.
2. Why is water an object of matter?
 Because water occupies space and has mass.
3. What is water made up of?
 Water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen.
4. What is the difference between an element and a compound?

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An element is a substance composed of a single type of atom while a
compound is the substance formed by two or more element chemically
combined.
5. What is a molecule defined as?


Whereas a compound is made from the chemical combination of two
or more substances, a mixture is made from two or more substances
that are physically combined.

4.

Heterogeneous mixtures are mixtures that have a consistent, or
uniform composition throughout the entire sample.

5.

Unlike in the example of compounds, the substances that make up a

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mixture do not lose their individual properties.
The individual substances in a mixture do not lose their original
properties, and the substances in a mixture can be separated by

6.

physical means.
7.

When the compound is formed, altogether a new substance is formed
and the properties of which are similar to its constituent elements.

3. Hợp chất được tạo bởi các nguyên tố khác nhau liên kết một cách hóa
học với nhau theo một tỉ lệ xác định.
A compound is made up of different elements chemically combined in a
fixed ratio.

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4. Các ion tích điện dương được hình thành khi một nguyên tử mất đi
electron.
A positively charged ion is formed when an atom loses electrons.
5. Nhiệt có thể được sử dụng để phá vỡ hợp chất thành các hợp chất đơn
giản hơn hoặc là các nguyên tố.
Heat can be used to break down compounds into elements or simpler
compounds.
6. Các thành phần của hỗn hợp có thể trộn lẫn với nhau theo một tỷ lệ bất
kỳ.
The components of a mixture can be mixed in any proportion.
7. Một số chất nguyên chất, giống như bạc, chỉ chứa một loại chất.
Some substances, like silver, contain only one kind of matter.
8. Hỗn hợp đồng thể của chất tan và dung môi được gọi là dung dịch.
A homogeneous mixture of solute and solvent are called solutions.
9. Các dạng đơn giản của chất mà không thể phân hủy thành các chất đơn
giản hơn được gọi là các nguyên tố.
Simple forms of matter which cannot be decomposed into further simple
substances are called elements.
10. Hợp chất của sắt và lưu huỳnh là sắt sunfua.
A compound of iron and sulfur is iron sulf ide.

7. An important characteristic of a compound is that it has a chemical
formula, which describes the ratio in which the atoms of each element
in the compound occur.
Một đặc tính quan trọng của hợp chất là chúng có công thức hóa học
mô tả tỉ lệ các nguyên tử của mỗi nguyên tố tham gia trong hợp chất.
8. Elemental symbols are the abbreviated notations for elements
consisting of one or two letters.
Kí hiệu nguyên tố là dạng kí hiệu viết tắt của các nguyên tố bao gồm
một hoặc hai chữ cái.
9. The weight is a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object.
Trọng lượng được đo bằng lực trọng trường tác dụng lên vật.
10. A phase is a region of matter that possesses uniform intensive
properties throughout its volume.
Pha là vùng của chất có các tính chất cường độ đồng nhất trong toàn
bộ thể tích của chúng.
IV.

Further reading
The states of matter

Matter can exist in three different states, solid, liquid, and gas, based on
the way the atoms and molecules are arranged inside them. These three states
are known as three different states of matter.
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In solids, atoms or molecules are tightly bound to one another thereby
creating a rigid nature. Each atom or molecule is caged by its neighbors

Atom

Quantum number

Atomic orbitals

Relative pronouns

Azimuthal quantum number

Rule

Electron configuration

Wave function

Electron state

Solvent

Magnetic quantum number

Confusion

Metallic character

Determine

I. Reading comprehension
Periodic table

devised. The long periodic table recommended by IUPAC is the current
standard, and it has the group numbers arranged from Group 1 alkali metals
through group 18 rare gas elements. Based on the composition of electron
orbitals, hydrogen, helium and Group 1 elements are classified as s-block
elements, Group 13 through Group 18 elements p-block elements, Group 3
through Group 12 elements d-block elements, and lanthanoid and actinoid
elements f-block elements. (Fig. 1). s-Block, p-block, and Group 12 elements
are called main group elements and d-block elements other than Group 12
and f-block elements are called transition elements. Incidentally, periodic
tables that denote the groups of s-block and p-block elements with Roman
numerals (I, II, ..., VIII) are still used, but they will be unified into the IUPAC
system in the near future. Since inorganic chemistry covers the chemistry of
all the elements, it is important to understand the features of each element
though reference to the periodic table.

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d-block

p-block

s-block
f-block

Figure 1 Periodic table
I.1. Question:
1. How did Mendeleev and Meyer organize the elements?

10. What is the necessary ideal to learn about periodic table?
The periodic table helps us to predict the features of each element.
I.2. True (T), false (F) or doesn’t say (DS)
11



Arrangement of elements is based on considering similarities in
chemical behavior.

12



IUPAC has suggested using Roman number for labeling groups.

13



All elements are constructed by electrons that accommodate 1s,
2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, and 3d orbitals.

14



There is no change in chemical properties of elements following

15

19



The d-block corresponds to the transition metals.

20



Blocks are sometimes called families.

with D. I. Mendeleev’s periodic table.

18.

I.3. Fill in blank
number

ionization

properties

trend

character

become

acidic

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(31)……………. oxide, i.e. one which readily yields cations, in some groups.
The best example of such a change is shown by the Group IV elements; the
oxides of carbon and (32)……………. are acidic, readily forming
(33)……………… and silicate anions, whilst those of tin and lead are
(34)……………. giving such ions as Sn2+ and Pb2+ in acidic solution. Metallic
character diminishes (35) ………….. a period and in consequence the oxides
become more acidic as we cross a given period. This is clearly demonstrated
in Period 3.

II. Grammar
THE ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
An adjective clause is a subordinate clause used to modify a noun or a
pronoun in the main clause. It may be introduced by the pronouns who,
whose, whom, which, or that (and sometimes when or where). These
pronouns are called relative pronouns because they relate to a noun or a
pronoun in the sentence. Occasionally, no relative pronoun is used, but it is
implied or understood.
Identifying Adjective Clauses
Note: Nouns are bolded, the adjective clauses are underlined.
1. Mike, whose ancestors came from Ireland, marched in the St. Patrick's Day
parade.
2. The woman who lives next door is a registered nurse.
3. Williamsburg, Virginia, is a place that I'd like to visit
4. Math, which is Dave's favorite subject, has always been easy for him.
5. There is the house that I'd like to buy.

molecule.
38. The Pauling scale, which was introduced first in 1932, is still the most
frequently used.
39. Those elements which are hard to ionize and easy to attract electrons have
large values
40. In the formation of a molecule, atomic orbitals overlap to generate a
molecular orbital which is the wave function of the electrons in the
molecule.
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41. The Group 6 to 10 transition metals that do not form binary hydrides give
many hydride complexes with auxiliary ligands such as carbonyl and
tertiaryphosphines.
42. Most of this silicon exists as a component of silicate rocks that is not found
as a simple substance.
43. Oxygen, which is one of the most important gases for animals, is about
20% in atmosphere.
44. It is impossible to find potassium metal in nature where potassium can
with water… to form potassium cation.
45. s-Block elements have sodium element, which is a alkaline metal.
46. Beaker is the most popular glassware that is used in chemistry laboratory.
47. Halogens that are strongly oxidative elements are located in the group VII.
48. Sodium chloride that is easily dissolved in water causes the high pressure
disease.
49. Higher-grade silicon is obtained by hydrogen reduction of SiHCl , which
3


60. The strength of an acid in a dilute aqueous solution is estimated from the
equilibrium constant Ka.

III.2. Translate into English
Oxidation number
61. Số oxy hóa là điện tích hình thức của một nguyên tử trong hợp chất.
The oxidation number is the formal electrical charge of a component
atom in a compound.
62. Nguyên tử có độ âm điện nhỏ hơn có điện tích dương.
The atom with smaller electronegativity has a positive charge.
63. Số oxy hóa của nguyên tử có thể giống hay khác khi nó kết hợp với các
nguyên tử khác nhau.
The oxidation number can be different for the same atom combined
with different partners.
64. Một dung môi có thể hoạt động như một axit hay một bazơ.
A solvent also works as an acid or a base.
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65. Tính axit phụ thuộc vào dung môi hòa tan nó.
The acidity and its range depend on the solvent dissolving the acid.
66. Sự phân li của một axit trong nước tạo ra H3O+ trong dung dịch.
+

Full dissociation of an acid gives H O in an aqueous solution.
3

67. Một số người nhầm lẫn phản ứng axit-bazơ và phản ứng oxi hóa khử.

l:

0

1

2

3

4

…

s

p

d

f

g

…

An atomic orbital is expressed by the combination of n and l. For
example, n is 3 and l is 2 for a 3d orbital. There are 2l+1 ml values, namely, l,
l-1, l-2, …, -l. Consequently, there are one s orbital, three p orbitals, five d
orbitals and seven f orbitals. The three aforementioned quantum numbers are

BÀI 4: THE ALKALI METALS
Vocabulary
radioactive

emitting or relating to the emission of ionizing radiation or
particles

complexes

an ion or molecule in which one or more groups are linked to a
metal atom by coordinate bonds

dissolve

become or cause to become incorporated into a liquid so as to
form a solution

solution

a liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is
uniformly distributed within the major component (the solvent)

solvate

enter into reversible chemical combination with (a dissolved
molecule, ion, etc.).

combustion

the process of burning something: the combustion of fossil

1939 as a short-lived radioactive isotope from the nuclear decay of actinium.
The alkali metals are silvery, except for cesium, which has a golden
appearance. They are highly reactive solids with very low melting points. As
other metals, the alkali metals are malleable, ductile, and are good conductors
of heat and electricity. The chemical properties of the alkali metals are
governed by the ease with which they can lose one electron and achieve a
noble gas configuration.
All alkali metals are excellent reducing agents.The metals react
vigorously with water to form hydrogen; for example,
2 Na + 2H2O  NaOH + H2.
This reaction is highly exothermic, and the hydrogen formed may ignite
in air, sometimes explosively. Alkali metals react with oxygen to form oxides,
peroxides, and superoxides, depending on the metal. Combustion in air of Na
yields both Na2O and Na2O2, however, combustion of K only forms KO2.
Alkali metals dissolve in liquid ammonia and other donor solvents, such as
aliphatic

amines

(NR3,

in

which

R

=

alkyl)