- 2016



60 44 01 13

T

- 2016



4

PGS.TS

TS.

6


, em xin

- TS.

-

Sau

,c
T

1.2.6

...............................................................21
........................................................................................28
..........................................................................................28

1.3.2. M

......................................................32
.....................................................................34
...........................................................................................................34
....................................................................34
.............................................................35
................................................37


....................................................................................41
.................................................................................................41
.............................................................................................................41
.............................................................................................41
.........................................................................................................42
2.2.1.

..............................................................42

bent-A v

..........................................................................43

2.3.


..............................................................62
...........................................................64
th

u ch ...................65


......................................................66

...................................................................................................68
T I LI U THAM KH O ...........................................................................................72


ETPB

Etyltriphenylphotphoni bromua

Bent

Bentonit

Bent-A

Bentonit

MMT

Montmorillonit


(%) cation

001

................................................. 53
001

cation h u c

...................................... 55
u.......................................................................................... 61
........................................... 63

B ng 3.7: S ph thu c c a dung l

u su t h p ph

i gian ................... 64

...................................................................... 65
9
.............................................................................. 67
ng s Langmuir b
A

th uc

-

............................................................................ 70

u ch .............................. 50

-A v
dung d ch c pH l n l
H

trong

t l 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 .................................. 52

th bi u di n s ph thu c c a gi tr d001 theo pH dung d ch ..... 53
-A v
2 gi , 3 gi , 4 gi , 5 gi , 6 gi , 7 gi . ............................... 54
001

... 55

-A .......................................................... 57
u ki n t i u............... 57


-A ............................................................. 58
ETPB) .......................................................... 58
u................. 59
H nh 3.14: Gi

ch nhi t c a bent-A................................................. 60

H nh 3.15: Gi


u ch ... 67
iv

.... 68
c a

f

bent-A ................................................................................................ 68
c as th uc
iv

............................................................................... 69
f

s th uc

u ch

f

a

u ch ............................................................................ 69


Bentonit
.

kylphotphoni

6.

,...
2O3

: SiO2

4 [7], [10], [17].

:


Al2O3
SiO2.

.
Trong

an-

-van [14], [17], [21].
g

Si4+

3+

3+

cho Mg2+


o

[15], [19], [28], [33].

t c ng nh th di n t ch


b m t ngo i c ng l

-

-

Do benton
c

[14], [18], [28],
[30], [36].
K
4+

S
Mg2+

3+

3+

2+

-

pl cd

g m bentonit t n

c s d ng r t l n, bao

bentonit ho t h

ng bentonit t n

cho qu tr nh l c d u l 25%

ng d

ng bentonit m

tr nh tinh ch ch b

ng d

c tinh ch . Ngo

ph p d ng bentonit c n c m c hao ph d u th
ng thu

nh

n

c n y.

ng c a bentonit trong dung d ch khoan l :

u
ng
ng y


-

n s m t dung d ch v o c c

nh vi c t o

p b nh l

l cn y

n

c

p su t th p, th

ct

c

nh l khoan. L p b nh


ion Al3+, Fe3+, Mg2+, Ca2+

x

], [23

sau

[38].
L

u ch s t h u

C c kho ng s t c c u tr c l p thu c h s
vermiculit, hectorit, saponit, v b
u ch s t h
h u

c c t nh ch

cao, c kh n
l n [9].

,

c s d ng l m
c s d ng r ng r

c bi t c a n , ch ng h


ch ho t h a

p ch nh l : ho t h a

b ng ki m, ho t h a b ng nhi t, ho t h a b
[12], [15], [26].
Ho t h a b ng nhi t
cc
i tinh th c a

g ph p n y l d ng nhi t
ts tv

l m n t m t ph n c c tinh th
l

m t,

t

c ra kh i m ng

t ch y c c ch t b n, ch t m

ng th i

t o th nh trong m

t s t nh ng khe r nh

d ng r ng r i trong th c t . Trong qu tr nh ho t h a b ng axit, ng
th d ng c c axi
Trong nh

n

3,

i ta c

H2SO4 .

th t c d ng c a HCl l m nh nh t, v ngo i kh
c oxit kim lo i n c n c kh

a tan m t ph n SiO2


nhi

cao. Tuy v y, HCl d

u ch nh nhi

c hay

. Tuy v y, l i d ng ch

s ng ch m



n
t c nl

ng nh

p, ngh a l c

i v i m i lo i bentonit v m i m t m

s s d

u ki n th ch h p nh
cho n c kh

nh

um ty ut

ng d

nh

i ta

ng
nh c c y u

ch s d



ng kim lo i ki m l n th ho t t nh x c t c

t gi m do ion Na +

c

o

i ta m i s d

c c c

y

d ng, ch

ng h p

p n y.

1.1.5
:


c:

,

-

Al2O3

16.12

Cr2O3

0.02

Fe2O3

13.65

MnO

0.11

MgO

2.84

NiO

0.01

Na2O

2.31

P2 O 5



60 - 70%.

- 0,42. Dung

,01 Qu
bentonit

-


n

-

.

-

[10], [14].

uv

p ch t h

c th c hi n t nh
s

u c a th k



SiO4 n

c

h

nh t di n

thay th b ng

i ch t h
gi a hai phi
cg

a hai

ng l c Van- ec-van. Do v

m t phi

m

d ng

c khi ti
cn m

phi