¤N TËP TIÕNG ANH 9
«n tËp tiÕng anh 9
Häc kú ii( ¤N THI CHUYÓN CÊP)
A- THEORY
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
1-Formula
a. Affirmative:
I, you, we, they + have + PP
He, she, it + has +PP
Note: PP = past participle (quá khứ phân từ) ( =V-ed: V có quy tắc, =V3: V bất quy tắc)
b. Negative:
I, you, we, the + have not (haven’t) + PP
He, she, it + has not ( hasn’t) + PP

c. Interrogative:
Have + I, you, we, they + P.P .... ?
Has + he, she, it + P.P .... ?
2-Use
a. Một hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ nhưng còn tiếp tục đến hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
Thường đi với : since (từ khi); for (được bao lâu).
Ex1: She has lived here since 1987
Ex2: They have swum for 1 hour

b. Một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, không xác định rõ thơi gian.
Thường đi với: already, ever... ( before), never... (before), not, yet, several times, many times...
Ex1: She’s been to Japan several times.
Ex2: I have never worked in that company before.
c. Một hành động vừa mới xảy ra.
Thường đi với : lately, just, recently, in recent weeks/ months / years ....
Ex1: My uncle has just come back form Americ
Ex2: They have done the assignment in recent weeks.

Ex1: They often went fishing when they lived in the country.
Ex2: Jack always got up at 3:00 am last year.

c. Mt hnh ng ó hon tt trong mt khong thi gian xỏc nh trong quỏ kh ( from ... to......)
Ex: From 1981 to 1983, my older brother worked as a journalist
PASSIVE VOICE
1-Gerund rule
Active: S + V + O
Passive: S +to be + PP +( by +O)
Động từ chính của câu chủ động ở thì nào thì tobe phải chia ở thì đó
(PP: Past participle)
Note:
- t t cõu ch ng thỡ (tense) hay th (form) no thỡ be cõu b ng thỡ hay th ú.
- Khi ta khụng xem ngi thc hin hnh ng (does) l quan trng, thỡ by object cú th b i. ( eg.
does=personal pronoun: he, she, they, we, .... people; no-one.. )

Example:
a.The simple present
She cleans the floor everyday.
( S + V / Vs / es... )
Passive: The floor is cleaned everyday.
(S + am/is/are/ +PP...)
b.The present continous.
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¤N TËP TIÕNG ANH 9
Mr.Baker is repairing the car
Passive: the car is being repaired by Mr Baker. ( S + am/ is/ are + being + PP...)
c.The present perfect
Someone has stolen the bicycles ( S+ has/have + P.P...)


c. Who + V + object ...... ?
Passive: - By whom..... ?
- Who...... by ?
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¤N TËP TIÕNG ANH 9
Ex: Who wrote this novel ?
Passive:
- By whom was this novel written ?
- Who was this novel written by ?

d. It + be + adjective + to-infinitive + sth
Passive: It + be + adjective + for sth + to be + PP
Ex: It is important to finish this exercise.
It is important for this exercise to be finished
e. Bare-infinitive + object
Passive:
Let + object + be + PP
S + be + allowed / advised/asked/ supposed/ .... + to infinitive

Ex1:
Please open the door
Let the door be opened
Ex2:
Turn on the light
You are supposed to turn on the light.
f. Causative form ( thức mệnh lệnh)
Active:
- She + have + sb+ bare-infinitive + st

relative clause
2-WHOM
* Thay cho danh từ/ đại từ chỉ người, có chức năng của một đối từ.
* Lưu ý: “Whom” trong cấu trúc.
.... Noun / pronoun + whom + subject + verb......
Ex1: We like the man. You talked to him yesterday.
object
We like the man whom you talked to yesterday
relative clause
Ex2: Is that the man ?. You have been waiting for him.
object
Is that the man whom you have been waiting for ?
relative clause
3-WHOSE
* Thay thế cho sở hữu cách (possessive cases)
* Xuất hiện trong hai cấu trúc.
- .... noun/ pronoun + whose + noun + verb
- ..... noun/ pronoun whose + noun + subject + verb

Ex1: The girl looks disappoited. Her examination result its so bad.
The girl whose examination result is so bad looks disappointed.
Ex2: That is the girl. I took her hat by mistake yesterday.
That is the girl whose hat I took by mistake yesterday.
4-WHICH
* Thay thể cho danh từ, địa từ chỉ vật
* Có thể làm chủ từ hoặc đối từ
* Lưu ý các cấu trúc.
- ...... noun / pronoun + which + verb ........
- ......noun/ pronoun + which + subject + verb .....
Ex1: She show me the table. It was made by her father.


Notes:
- Ta có thể sử dụng mệnh lệnh ở mệnh đề chính.
Ex: If you drink, don’t drive

- Ta có thể sử dụng “should” ở mệnh đề điều kiện để tỏ ý nghi ngờ.
Ex: If he should call, tell him I will ring back.

- Dạng rút gọn ở mệnh đề điều kiện (if possible, if necessary, if so................)
Ex: If necessary, I will help you.

-Ta có thể sử dụng dạng mệnh lệnh để thay cho mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện.
Trong trường hợp này, giữa hai mệnh đề thường có các liên từ như sau: and, or, else, otherwise.
2-Điều kiện không xảy ra ở hiện tại (ĐK II) (present unreal condition )
Main clause: would/could/might + bare-infinitive
If clause: simple present
Ex1: If she had wings, she would fly to an island
Ex2: He would build more houses if he were a king.

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¤N TËP TIÕNG ANH 9
Note:
- ‘If I were you/I were in your position.................’được sử dụng để khuyên nhủ.
Ex: If I were you, I would accept the invitation ( = You should accept the invitation ).
- “Were to + bare –infinitive” có thể được sử dụng để thay thế động từ ở “simple past” trong mệnh đề chỉ điều
kiện
Ex: If I were to ask him nicely, he would help us.
GERUND
The gerund is used as a subject, a complement, an object of a verb or an object of a preposition ( danh


+Mệnh đề chỉ lý do là mệnh đề phụ bắt đầu bằng các liên từ chỉ lý do như BECAUSE, AS, SINCE. Ba chữ
này đều có nghĩa vì, bởi vì nhưng cách dùng khác nhau.
Ví dụ:
a) Because
- Because he was sleepy, he went to bed. – He went to bed because he was sleepy.
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¤N TËP TIÕNG ANH 9
Anh ấy đi ngủ vì anh ấy buồn ngủ.
Mệnh đề phụ có chữ because có thể đứng trước hoặc sau mệnh đề chính. Tuy nhiên phải chú ý nếu mệnh đề
phụ đi trước phải có dấu phảy (,) ngăn cách nó với mênh đề chính

b) As
- As she was free , she came to see me.
Vì cô ấy rảnh rỗi, cô ấy đến thăm tôi.

c) Since
- Since he doesn’t like music, he never goes to the concert
Vì anh ấy không thích nhạc, anh ấy không bao giờ đi xem hoà nhạc.

Mệnh đề since và as luôn đứng trước mệnh đề chính.

+Ngoài ra, đồng nghĩa với Because, As và Since còn có Now that, So/ As Long As và Inasmuch As.
Ví dụ:
a) Now that = Because now
- Now that Peggy has a car , she can drive to school.
Vì giờ đây Peggy có xe rồi, cô ấy có thể lái xe đi học.

→ Now that được dùng cho tình huống hiện tại và tương lai ( present and future situations). Mệnh đề

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¤N TËP TIÕNG ANH 9
a ) Because là một liên từ (Conjunction), theo sau nó là một mệnh đề (Clause).
Ví dụ:
- Because the traffic was heavy, we were late for the meeting.
S V
Vì xe cộ đông đúc, chúng tôi đến buổi họp trễ.

b) Because of là nhóm giới từ ( Prepositional phrase), theo sau nó là một cụm danh từ ( noun phrase)
Ví dụ:
- Because of the heavy traffic, we were late for the meeting.
B-PRACTICE
Conditional Sentences
VIẾT LẠI CÂU
1. You got into so much trouble because you didn’t listen to me.
→ If____________________________________________________________
2. There are so many bugs in the room because there isn’t a screen on the window.
→ If____________________________________________________________
3. He is busy right now. So, he can’t help them.
→ If____________________________________________________________
4. I can’t make all of my own meals because I am not good at cooking.
→ If____________________________________________________________
5. I’m not you, so I can’t tell him the truth.
→ If I__________________________________________________________
6. She came, so he wasn’t disappointed.
→ If____________________________________________________________
7. He is not a good student. He didn’t study for the test yesterday.
→ If____________________________________________________________
8. I didn’t eat breakfast several hours ago, so I am hungry now.
→ If____________________________________________________________

c. had/ will buy d. had/ would buy.
22. If I ……………you, I …………….do that.
a. am/ will b. were /would
c. were/ will d. had been/ would.
23. If I were offered the job, I think I ………. it.
a. take b. will take
c. would take d. would have taken.
24. I would be very surprised if he……………..
a. refuses b. refused
c. had refused d. would refuse.
25. Many people would be out of work if that factory………..down.
a. closes b. had closed
c. closed d. would close.
26. 6. If she sold her car, she ………… much money.
a. gets b. would get
c. will get d. would have got.
27. They would be disappointed if we…………….
a. hadn’t come b. wouldn’t come
c. don’t come d. didn’t come.
28. Would John be angry if I ……. ……his bicycle without asking?
a. take b. took c. had taken d. would take.
29. She ……….terrible upset if I lost this ring.
a. will be b. would be c. were d. had been.
30. If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.
a. would walk b. walks c. had walked d. walked.
31. What would happen if you ……………..to work tomorrow?
a. don’t go b. didn’t go c. won’t go d. wouldn’t go.
32. We ‘ll get wet if we ………….out.
a. go b. did go c. went d. had gone.
33. If I go shopping, I ………some food.