BSCI
Building Scalable
Cisco Internetworks
Volume 1
Version 3.0

Student Guide

Editorial, Production, and Graphic Services: 06.14.06
The PDF files and any printed representation for this material are the property of Cisco Systems, Inc.,
for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study.


170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-1706
USA
www.cisco.com
Tel: 408 526-4000
800 553-NETS (6387)
Fax: 408 526-4100

European Headquarters
Cisco Systems International BV
Haarlerbergpark
Haarlerbergweg 13-19
1101 CH Amsterdam
The Netherlands
www-europe.cisco.com
Tel: 31 0 20 357 1000
Fax: 31 0 20 357 1100

Americas Headquarters
Cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-1706
USA
www.cisco.com
Tel: 408 526-7660
Fax: 408 527-0883

Asia Pacific Headquarters
Cisco Systems, Inc.
168 Robinson Road

CONNECTION WITH THE CONTENT PROVIDED HEREUNDER, EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR IN ANY OTHER PROVISION OF
THIS CONTENT OR COMMUNICATION BETWEEN CISCO AND YOU. CISCO SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED
WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE OR TRADE PRACTICE. This learning product may contain early release
content, and while Cisco believes it to be accurate, it falls subject to the disclaimer above.
The PDF files and any printed representation for this material are the property of Cisco Systems, Inc.,
for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study. Students, this letter describes important
course evaluation access information! Welcome to Cisco Systems Learning. Through the Cisco Learning Partner Program,
Cisco Systems is committed to bringing you the highest-quality training in the industry.
Cisco learning products are designed to advance your professional goals and give you the
expertise you need to build and maintain strategic networks.

Cisco relies on customer feedback to guide business decisions; therefore, your valuable
input will help shape future Cisco course curricula, products, and training offerings.
We would appreciate a few minutes of your time to complete a brief Cisco online course
evaluation of your instructor and the course materials in this student kit. On the final day
of class, your instructor will provide you with a URL directing you to a short post-course

Overview 1-1
Module Objectives 1-1
Describing Network Requirements 1-3

Overview 1-3
Objectives 1-3
Cisco Network Models 1-4
Enterprise Composite Network Model 1-8
Traffic Conditions in a Converged Network 1-10
Cisco SONA Framework and IIN 1-11
Routing and Routing Protocols 1-15
Summary 1-17
References 1-17
Configuring EIGRP 2-1

Overview 2-1
Module Objectives 2-1
Introducing EIGRP 2-3

Overview 2-3
Objectives 2-3
EIGRP Capabilities and Attributes 2-4
Underlying Processes and Technologies 2-6
EIGRP Operation 2-8
Example: EIGRP Tables 2-12
EIGRP Metric 2-15
Calculating the EIGRP Metric 2-16
Example: EIGRP Metric Calculation 2-18
Integrating the EIGRP and IGRP Routes 2-20
Summary 2-21

Example: Variance 2-54
EIGRP Bandwidth Use Across WAN Links 2-56
Configuring EIGRP Bandwidth Use Across WAN Links 2-59
Example: WAN Configuration—Frame Relay Hub-and-Spoke Topology 2-59
Example: WAN Configuration–Hybrid Multipoint 2-61
Summary 2-62
Configuring EIGRP Authentication 2-63

Overview 2-63
Objectives 2-63
Router Authentication 2-64
MD5 Authentication 2-66
Configuring MD5 Authentication 2-68
Example: MD5 Authentication Configuration 2-73
Example: R1 Configuration for MD5 Authentication 2-74
Example: R2 Configuration for MD5 Authentication 2-75
Verifying MD5 Authentication 2-76
Troubleshooting MD5 Authentication 2-77
Example: Successful MD5 Authentication 2-77
Example: Troubleshooting MD5 Authentication Problems 2-78
Summary 2-79
Using EIGRP in an Enterprise Network 2-81

Overview 2-81
Objectives 2-81
Scalability in Large Networks 2-82
EIGRP Queries 2-83
EIGRP Stubs 2-84
Example: Limiting Updates and Queries: Using EIGRP Stub 2-88
Example: eigrp stub Parameters 2-89

Overview 3-17
Objectives 3-17
OSPF Packet Types 3-18
Establishing OSPF Neighbor Adjacencies 3-20
Exchanging and Synchronizing LSDBs 3-22
Maintaining Network Routes 3-26
Maintaining Link-State Sequence Numbers 3-28
Example: LSA Sequence Numbers and Maximum Age 3-29
Verifying Packet Flow 3-30
Example: debug ip ospf packet 3-30
Summary 3-32
Configuring OSPF Routing 3-33

Overview 3-33
Objectives 3-33
Configuring Basic Single-Area and Multiarea OSPF 3-34
Example: Configuring OSPF on Internal Routers of a Single Area 3-36
Example: Configuring OSPF for Multiple Areas 3-37
Configuring a Router ID 3-38
Verifying the OSPF Router ID 3-41
Verifying OSPF Operation 3-43
Example: The show ip route ospf Command 3-45
Example: The show ip ospf interface Command 3-46
Example: The show ip ospf neighbor Command 3-47
Summary 3-49
OSPF Network Types 3-51
Overview 3-51
Objectives 3-51
Introducing OSPF Network Types 3-52
Adjacency Behavior for a Point-to-Point Link 3-53

OSPF Virtual Links 3-88
Example: OSPF Virtual Link Configuration 3-91
Example: show ip ospf virtual-links Command 3-92
OSPF LSA Types 3-95
Type 1 3-95
Type 2 3-95
Types 3 and 4 3-96
Type 5 3-96
Type 6 3-96
Type 7 3-96
Type 8 3-96
Types 9, 10, and 11 3-96
Example: LSA Type 4—Summary LSA 3-100
Interpreting the OSPF LSDB and Routing Table 3-102
Example: Interpreting the OSPF Database 3-102
Configuring OSPF LSDB Overload Protection 3-108
Changing the Cost Metric 3-110
Summary 3-111
OSPF Route Summarization 3-113

Overview 3-113
Objectives 3-113
OSPF Route Summarization 3-114
Example: Using Route Summarization 3-116
Configuring OSPF Route Summarization 3-117
Example: Route Summarization Configuration at ABR 3-119
Example: Route Summarization Configuration at ASBR 3-120
Benefits of a Default Route in OSPF 3-121
Example: Default Routes in OSPF 3-121
Configuring a Default Route in OSPF 3-122

Configuring Simple Password Authentication 3-151
Example: Simple Password Authentication Configuration 3-153
Example: R2 Configuration for Simple Password Authentication 3-154
Verifying Simple Password Authentication 3-155
Configuring MD5 Authentication 3-156
Example: MD5 Authentication Configuration 3-159
Example: R2 Configuration for MD5 Authentication 3-160
Verifying MD5 Authentication 3-161
Troubleshooting Simple Password Authentication 3-162
Example: Successful Simple Password Authentication 3-162
Example: Troubleshooting Simple Password Authentication Problems 3-164
Troubleshooting MD5 Authentication 3-165
Example: Successful MD5 Authentication 3-165
Example: Troubleshooting MD5 Authentication Problems 3-167
Summary 3-168
Module Summary 3-169
Module Self-Check 3-171
Module Self-Check Answer Key 3-188
The IS-IS Protocol 4-1
Overview 4-1
Module Objectives 4-1
Introducing IS-IS and Integrated IS-IS Routing 4-3

Overview 4-3
Objectives 4-3
IS-IS Routing 4-4
Integrated IS-IS Routing 4-8
Principles and Issues of Integrated IS-IS Design 4-9
The ES-IS Protocol 4-11
OSI Routing Levels 4-13

Link-State Packets 4-39
Example: LSP TLV Examples 4-41
Implementing IS-IS in NBMA Networks 4-42
Implementing IS-IS in Broadcast Networks 4-44
LSP and IIH Levels 4-47
Level 1 and Level 2 LSP 4-47
Level 1 and Level 2 IIH 4-47
Example: Comparing Broadcast and Point-to-Point Topologies 4-49
LSDB Synchronization 4-50
Example: LSDB Synchronization—LAN 4-52
Example: LSDB Synchronization: Point-to-Point 4-53
Example: WAN Adjacencies 4-55
Summary 4-56
Configuring Basic Integrated IS-IS 4-57

Overview 4-57
Objectives 4-57
Integrated IS-IS in a CLNS Environment 4-58
Configuring Integrated IS-IS 4-61
Example: Simple Integrated IS-IS Configuration 4-66
Optimizing IS-IS 4-67
Example: Tuning IS-IS Configuration 4-70
Configuring Route Summarization in IS-IS 4-71
Verifying IS-IS Configuration 4-72
Example: Is Integrated IS-IS Running? 4-72
Verifying CLNS IS-IS Structures 4-74
Example: OSI Intra-Area and Interarea Routing 4-76
Summary 4-80
Module Summary 4-81
References 4-81

The PDF files and any printed representation for this material are the property of Cisco Systems, Inc.,
for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study.
2 Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks (BSCI) v3.0 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc.
Course Goal and Objectives
This topic describes the course goal and objectives.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. BSCI v3.0—1-3
“To train network administrators on the techniques to
plan, implement, and monitor a scalable IP routing
network.”
Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks
Course Goal

Upon completing this course, you will be able to meet these objectives:
̈ Describe the converged network requirements of various network and networked
applications within the Cisco network architectures
̈ Implement and verify EIGRP operations
̈ Build a scalable multiarea network with OSPF
̈ Configure Integrated IS-IS in a single area
̈ Manipulate routing and packet flow
̈ Implement and verify BGP for enterprise ISP connectivity
̈ Implement and verify multicast forwarding using PIM and related protocols
̈ Describe how IPv6 functions to satisfy the increasingly complex requirements of
hierarchical addressing
The PDF files and any printed representation for this material are the property of Cisco Systems, Inc.,
for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. Course Introduction 3
Course Flow
This topic presents the suggested flow of the course materials.

BGP
Implementing
IPv6

The schedule reflects the recommended structure for this course. This structure allows enough
time for the instructor to present the course information and for you to work through the lab
activities. The exact timing of the subject materials and labs depends on the pace of your
specific class.
The PDF files and any printed representation for this material are the property of Cisco Systems, Inc.,
for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study.
4 Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks (BSCI) v3.0 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc.
Additional References
This topic presents the Cisco icons and symbols used in this course, as well as information on
where to find additional technical references.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. BSCI v3.0—1-5
Cisco Icons and Symbols
Router
Network
Cloud
End Users
Serial Link
Circuit-Switched Link
Ethernet
PC
Laptop
File
Server
Web
Server

BCMSN
642-821
ISCW
Building Scalable Cisco
Internetworks
Building Cisco Multilayer
Switched Networks
Implementing Secure
Converged Wide-Area Networks
Optimizing Converged
Cisco Networks
642-845
ONT
Expert

You are encouraged to join the Cisco Certification Community, a discussion forum open to
anyone holding a valid Cisco Career Certification (such as Cisco CCIE
®
, CCNA
®
, CCDA
®
,
CCNP
®
, CCDP
®
, CCIP
®
, CCSP™, or CCVP™). It provides a gathering place for Cisco

for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study.
1-2 Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks (BSCI) v3.0 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc.

The PDF files and any printed representation for this material are the property of Cisco Systems, Inc.,
for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study.
Lesson 1
Describing Network
Requirements
Overview
This lesson starts by introducing Cisco Enterprise Architectures and describing how they align
with the traditional three-layer hierarchical network model. The Cisco Enterprise Composite
Network Model is examined, and the traffic patterns in converged networks are discussed. The
Cisco vision of the future Intelligent Information Network (IIN) and the Service-Oriented
Network Architecture (SONA) are introduced. The lesson concludes with a discussion of where
routing protocols fit into these models.
Objectives
Upon completing this lesson, you will be able to describe the converged network requirements
of various network and networked applications within the Cisco network architectures. This
ability includes being able to meet these objectives:
̈ Explain the Cisco conceptual network models, such as Cisco Enterprise Architectures and
the Cisco hierarchical network model
̈ Describe the Cisco Enterprise Composite Network Model
̈ Describe the traffic conditions in a converged network
̈ Describe the IIN and the Cisco SONA framework
̈ Describe routing and routing protocols
The PDF files and any printed representation for this material are the property of Cisco Systems, Inc.,
for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study.

supports the requirements for consolidation, business continuance, and security while enabling
emerging service-oriented architectures, virtualization, and on-demand computing. IT staff can
easily provide departmental staff, suppliers, or customers with secure access to applications and
resources, which simplifies and streamlines management, significantly reducing overhead.
Redundant data centers provide backup using synchronous and asynchronous data and
application replication. The network and devices offer server and application load balancing to
maximize performance. This solution allows the enterprise to scale without major changes to
the infrastructure.
The Cisco Enterprise Branch Architecture allows enterprises to extend head-office applications
and services, such as security, IP communications, and advanced application performance to
thousands of remote locations and users or to a small group of branches. Cisco integrates
security, switching, network analysis, caching, and converged voice and video services into a
series of integrated services routers in the branch so that the enterprises can deploy new
services when they are ready without buying new equipment. This solution provides secure
access to voice, mission-critical data, and video applications—anywhere, anytime. Advanced
network routing, VPNs, redundant WAN links, application content caching, and local IP
telephony call processing provide a robust architecture with high levels of resilience for all the
branch offices. An optimized network leverages the WAN and LAN to reduce traffic and save
bandwidth and operational expenses. The enterprise can easily support branch offices with the
ability to centrally configure, monitor, and manage devices located at remote sites, including
tools such as AutoQoS that proactively resolve congestion and bandwidth issues before they
affect network performance.
The Cisco Enterprise Teleworker Architecture allows enterprises to securely deliver voice and
data services to remote small or home offices over a standard broadband access service,
providing a business resiliency solution for the enterprise and a flexible work environment for
employees. Centralized management minimizes the IT support costs, and robust integrated
security mitigates the unique security challenges of this environment. Integrated security and
identity-based networking services enable the enterprise to help extend campus security
policies to the teleworker. Staff can securely log in to the network over an “always-on” VPN
and gain access to authorized applications and services from a single cost-effective platform.

designed to switch packets as fast as possible. Because the core is critical for connectivity,
it must provide a high level of availability and adapt to changes very quickly.
Note The hierarchical model can be applied to any network type, such as LANs, WANs, wireless
LANs (WLANs), metropolitan-area networks (MANs), and VPNs, and to any modular block
of the Cisco networking model.
The PDF files and any printed representation for this material are the property of Cisco Systems, Inc.,
for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. Describing Network Requirements 1-7
© 2006 Cisco System s, Inc. All rights reserved. BSCI v3.0—1-4
Hierarchical Campus Model© 2006 Cisco System s, Inc. All rights reserved. BSCI v3.0—1-5
Hierarchical Network Model WAN

For example, the hierarchical model can be applied specifically to the enterprise campus.
It can also be applied to the enterprise WAN. Obviously, another model is required to break
down and analyze an existing modern enterprise network or to plan a new one.
The PDF files and any printed representation for this material are the property of Cisco Systems, Inc.,
for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study.
1-8 Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks (BSCI) v3.0 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc.
Enterprise Composite Network Model
This topic describes the Enterprise Composite Network Model.
© 2006 Cisco System s, Inc. All rights reserved. BSCI v3.0—1-6
Enterprise Composite
Network Model Functional Areas

Since the intelligent network service security has become of critical importance to all network

̈ Server farm, which represents the data center
̈ Management, which represents the network management functionality
Additional modules in the other functional areas represent e-commerce functionality, corporate
Internet connections, remote access and VPN connections, and traditional WAN (Frame Relay,
ATM, and leased lines with PPP) connections.
The PDF files and any printed representation for this material are the property of Cisco Systems, Inc.,
for the sole use by Cisco employees for personal study. The files or printed representations may not be
used in commercial training, and may not be distributed for purposes other than individual self-study.