më ®Çu
1. TÝnh cÊp thiÕt cña ®Ò tµi

 !"#$%"%$
&! '((%")*
+),-+. 
/+0""123&41+ 56
+#'74+ 68&9 :'
'089;
<=>('"4 "0?./+0
,
@+0A@1"B8/"C=D"%+
E=- <9.9F$G+
=*+ 0+,H.
=I<JK5=6E* *L"
+)8&- "M#$ #+") ".2
3++"0(961+ "N
M'%4+)A@1,-+%#9+0
&:+01 <F>#
L"62J/+0M,OFP
7 Q.+0A@1.
DI.R8PS RR
9=.<Q+#,
+0A@1Q++
T"18$GU89E=
Q+ 8R1=+G;
+ &8*"P#
=<5D6 +.89E
=+0A@1Q+<+
18$G6,50+7
"1S&! '( .=

") +0("15$G
+#+") 0+#$RR<=
;Y1,HP 89E=J/+0
2
Q+`S='*$
&" D5++,
2.1.C¸c nghiªn cøu ngoµi níc
O.'D5D.D$
 9 +..'789E
=Q+,O=$#D
5Y<78R++01$#2 &8*< F
= 9+$P89E=
'9 J,O.'D5
"=$#.YJ"=#+$2+=++
)0G+Ba%6)a+$#2,
- .=(P.9'"B2
Y&8*<G''
( bOD2acdef#
gh,+iQj+Q\k+Q 4"lmmn bWG
'(Ug2 E58Racdof#
pQ+Q 4"lmmd 8+/#\qiA r
bg9s'(%'(acdnf
#j8j,Ai++8 4"lmmo JgQQ,
-+L" #Y&8*(D2E#'
  
'( +. =" S"%$(E(
6%<"t,-$D5 %+
9sE5# &F
1S") #Y=u9F
=$#)E5# '

P9Y:=<7#
<s8R1 &/#+")
F8R"P;qQQQce•f~+{lm•o},-Q+~+
.P=%9,H
50&"% Y$+09 
0<"5<798+.'<9),H5
7='+0 $+09 <7#
8+8&="%6 ")+*48+
"RFs8R,H5J+/% 
800<7+DE98F,-Q+
 $+0&/s8R<2
4
D Q+80!"#+")
$G+9Q+$P9+,
O`.='D5D'E=
89E=bO89E;L"=
aczdf#OQQ 4"lmnn b@
89E <=J$%acdlf
p++~,v,W ,  Jx€+8yQ4"lm•z  +B
b@D5+'E=4J=acd|fW•Q
4"lmzm,,,OD5.Y(27'#'E
=89E=.`+
.D BYI"%$(<
 89E=*
'(,
O."1%D5=PD$9
89E=+$P9+J
$%-g -‚%\^clzfD5\qQQ
qQQQ{lmmo} V+{lmmd} \+8{lmm•}kƒ
{lmmn}'9~=+=„D5qQv,A{lmmm}'

'(=.=46+‡D"B= 5=^7
.0DF+0+(
4"|olo,-+%# 6L"0$P89E
=+0Q+#L"+
P/#7 D"+=<
<+0189 89R,->=$#D5 '`Y
'="$2'89E=
Q+9++ +..
'G=F++0A@1{="
'"PHwOr\ ="E-%@"
[9 [g0,,},
@4"|ooe 'D5=+GbOEJ=+G
Q+9;0+
A@1+0|ood;|oloacl|f:6<D5 8+.9
y~@V-%A@1gD‚2[""',-$
' =#+ 7PP
A@1|o4"$ 'Y&8*<75=+G
'9#A@1Q+
9;0++0|ood;|olo,
6
O=+G+`$&"7(
 '(9P7(
=""ˆ'7JH",[Y.(D
5=!""t=",O.="1%D
5b@'(acezfqk,Hk,
[+--4+0Fba %e•e †4"
|ooe„b@D5=" 189acedf`
#[+-- *4"|ooe„b@D5="'
9;0+aclmfqk,-k@_
-‚ *4"|ooe,

("I(T0+E= 
D&E#T0('B6R
#$+89E=+0A@1
Q+,
;]&8*$" 989"1.45
=+G'#=89E
=+0A@1Q+,
4. §èi tîng vµ ph¹m vi nghiªn cøu
4.1. §èi tîng nghiªn cøu
g7D5('=E=
*89E=+0A
@1+$PQ+,H'
D5<B+"%$E=A@1 :
'=+018 89E
#.,
4.2. Ph¹m vi nghiªn cøu
VÒ kh«ng gian,7D5D0"=z
+0A@1+T"U->gD" qg&" [w --P
k.kE,
VÒ thêi gian 7D5+0"):'$
P#+0A@1 B>4"
8
lmml*)EPodO;-y'lo4"
=+0&8*".EP
l|O-;-y'=+0>0+
+0|ool;|ooz,-DEJD5*0$P
89+=+#). 7'9#
+$P89Q+4"|olo,
Về nội dung của cơ cấu kinh tế: @18E=
89E=A@1Q+X<

=#+},
Nghiên cứu tài liệu có sẵn:S#P"9sD5
=>(*=+G %+('27E
J=+G7 P"="+
+89E=/+0Q+;
,-.?`T$G#
&F*089E=
+0A@1Q+,OYs
8R++=$##
A@1D"%=DA@1$4" ++E
Pl|O--y ++$+0A@1+
4"|olo9|o|o ++$+0=
Y1z+0'$G=@+
*089E=/89E=^7
`s8RT,OD5R<=D
+68"R"=#+,
Điều tra khảo sát +&F
*089E=/E=^7
T)S*0'"4 ('=.=4;
":+$P89E=+0
A@1Q+ >.'E#S
L89E=+0A@1+
+0,
Đối tợng điều tra khảo sát1P8&z+0
1."1."1T+;&# ."1T
."1T&4$#."1TC#,
10
MÉu ®iÒu tra:WF"Z'+T"loo1 +..|z
1#+ |z1# |o1T&4$#eo1
TC#Q+,HG"Z8*+DF%<

A@1Q+,
;[$" '9#.45
=+G!"SL$P89E=
+0A@1Q+,
7. Tªn vµ kÕt cÊu cña luËn ¸n
Tªn luËn ¸n:‹@(#=!"89E
=+0A@1Q+
‹,
KÕt cÊu luËn ¸n:@+6"J6 =7 RR8"R
"=#+ 7<eEU
Ch¬ng 1:OEJ27*_89E =
+0Q+
Ch¬ng 2U-*089E=+0
A@1Q+
Ch¬ng 3:[9(#!"89E
=+0A@1Q+
12
Chơng 1
Cơ sở lý luận và thực tiễn của chuyển dịch
cơ cấu kinh tế nông nghiệp ngoại thành
theo hớng nông nghiệp sinh thái
1. 1 những vấn đề cơ bản về nông nghiệp sinh thái
và nông nghiệp sinh tháI ven đô
1.1.1 Những vấn đề cơ bản về nông nghiệp sinh thái
1.1.1.1 Sơ lợc về các nền nông nghiệp trong lịch sử
O+ YT0'"P
P,-Q+"RFD5 =.8*+DF
=&+0S,@8*+E5# .&
+0'DQ+("P&clzfU
- Mô hình sản xuất nông nghiệp nguyên thuỷUg"P

#"S,
- M« h×nh s¶n xuÊt n«ng nghiÖp c«ng nghiÖp ho¸ cao:[&"P
#=J,OR
D7.T%><s8RJ"5+,k#
":# *
G`<s8R'+#,‚
"#8*DP1&" D"+&:,W
$#"P 41 &T4+1
Y4G E*<#"#+ 68&<+#"Y
=%,-D J'Y11:"&Z(
*+#"Y+6*L""+#"Y
6.+E,E#'
=#+)F<'( 8+*
C8+%")5=+ˆ+),O%
 T 80G9#"D"G,->'
++1Y6'
 '(,
1.1.1.2 Kh¸i niÖm n«ng nghiÖp sinh th¸i
-6t="{h+Q"} 
{w+Q+Q"},O.'93='
,x8"{lm•l}Y93b"1S5
4*Da,hj+8Q{lmn•}+!
14
b"%$(5")G7Sa
cdef,@7 '7F*D %."1
%&!(%*%")*DT0D
S,
->="D <
0+>%#{5Y.*1+
)%}{ETl} .#S"%$

Không khí
khí
Nớc
j+Q\k+Q{lmmn} b"1P#
s8R2D5 = $#2
%0<4 #"#+8P 0+
T*0<*&!acdef,W
""0"RD#0<
&!,
[0<&! 6&8*8P
"1E<2(%+% +.1
=+G;E#5$G.<
"1'0 4+94+ 6,
H*"06"$GE5#
*&! ="ba
<Q"NQ+7E 5b"1E5#
G+B(E !"+"RD#+")
8P"%&!a
cezf,W"R2!0<"RD
&!P##s8RE
#0 =_"")#++T*,
@ 7 8/<Q+7+ `
#"1 cÊu tróc c©n b»ng cña hÖ sinh th¸i n«ng nghiÖp 
(S."%$5,@s
8RE#0 5"RD&! '
(%,@<0 0<"RD&
! '(+#*G s
8R=<+0E#0 +
4 <+ #"#+6"RD= 4+ Y
1"),

%} PJ-‚%H@" =G‹
‹ "G))T3.'(,
@ 76! "B8/G‹‹ -
‚%H@"ZR2"1'!"+"R
D'( 5>+#"0%") #"
#+8PT**D >.5%'"B=
 T)5"RD'"B4+ Y1+
17
),@.= nông nghiệp sinh thái # cấu trúc cân
bằng, bền vững của hệ sinh thái nông nghiệp.
1.1.1.3 Đặc trng của nông nghiệp sinh thái
- Sản phẩm của nông nghiệp sinh thái là sản phẩm sạch trong đó sản
phẩm phi ăn uống (cảnh quan, môi trờng) rất đợc coi trọnU@
62 )+G#L"E* *L"
"RD8P*'(%0
"0##L"4%#$"),OE*
*L"##"#+0 +.6"<8
86+**+),O#L"4
%##"#+5%E64+6
+)8P&! '(,O#L"4
%+T"")*D+ +0 (=E
#F+ EM566+8&,@(
$% (T=<#C#8
9X>+#"Y66+) >'+=F7
#+T*#,
\1"62=*GP55$#21
%++=E* *L"+
&"T+F8+9)' P#$";
)+1B/ "/:F=1E
'9)*8+,-Q++0P#$

PJ+7#,
- Bố trí sản xuất của nông nghiệp sinh thái tạo thành một không gian
hài hoà về cảnh quan sinh thái nhằm tôn trọng môi trờng và khai thác sản
phẩm văn hoá tinh thần. @''#L"0<#$
JE#P0+#$ ")E
M .94+ 6#<#$J%F#
&/=,AE( %F#.1
#J"51+#
,@#S&!
,OS&!<PE#>%F
#&/0+"1E<2(
%%!"0*&!,VP"1S&
% +(%G7+%*.X0+
"1")+0 0*SL*
19
#%,V+. &B$G
,
[P"1E&%+% %F#
#0+"1=+'#$ "
)DEJ+G$+0=Q+Q =<
#+")+014"$ 89D9
,‚+0=<Q"NDE8=
=0"K/,~%F=#
.<*Q<2(/D=8&=
,~%F=0"K/#<Q"N
DD:=<D"+80+"
P#=8+<,O"P+
9#$+N0+7080G!%F
%&T7Q=X+Bs8RE5#
 &TQ88‡ #+'

;k+
R1+
++D
D
;k5)
;V E
GI
;O#$+
E
;k*GQ+
="
;k5S
R &
(E
;V =
+
;[80G
9#"S
- k<0+
;ORE
+
;[9
&"
;[Y%F
&/
;Ô_""
)
- k4 =
+ =#
$

8F"B!"Q=X #+=9/+0
cedf,@919{r;y}
Q{Q;y},-D*J"1%%D
E."718&%O~"1%\^=Y
T0(=+% %<
=',~J79
/QE,\B= 6D5'
9)+QP.+
*L"+%,
@9Y.>& >S:6.9 F<
S2P=)3!
9"F,-D $P9+8_
"0 C8&9+,A=+#"1s8&%
22
%J9noo)"9cedf,@'
%YB''6#D
5D=F0 +*L" #"•+  ";
) =+0+ <… [#$''
<B+$P9+_"") 
+E* "4"… 6%
+9,[*"RD 
Q%J/+06<+G;
,
@Q"1+0PJ
+0 .F'(B/+,@'
:'648&9'*L" "
) 'IE #F6`DD #"#+*+
8+)#'5=+ˆ94+6,O6.
0<DEJ8RE#0 Q+
 "Ps8R0+T* !"0*

nông nghiệp ở các vùng nông thôn trong việc áp dụng các tiến bộ khoa học-
kỹ thuật trong nông nghiệpUHP.9F8_7&"F9
=+G; +8R )0GD5
Q.<++ +5
8R=+G;D+3*#
#L" BX(E6+8R1"'
G Q#"0") 4
=#4%9&&+4 < 80
#L" +#"Y69),
- Nông nghiệp sinh thái ven đô tận dụng đợc một số đầu vào hữu cơ từ
công nghiệp đô thị:@)=+G0 JD
'#L"#89R9Y<78R
(#L"(E+,@#
# DY&+0&(E
+,O#L"# #L"R
8R9Y0+T54 &.(E+&T7
=I+N4$#s8RT*6++'
24
="%#"s8R+054 &
.+G 0_""),
;Nông nghiệp sinh thái ven đô phát triển trong điều kiện môi trờng
chính sách thuận lợi và kế thừa các mô hình phát triển trong nớc và thế giới:
V+75<6"$GF
Q 6FY.E
FSL9*"RD
E* *L"#+"),HF8R JO8 OF
Y'EP9T"m"RD +
..4)EJ06*L" ==F
PT&$ &8*)&1
)) ở' YP