BOYTE
VIEN DINH
DirONG
/O V
BAO CAO
DE
TAI
Nghien cuu san pham
sGa
bo sung kem,
canxi,
lysine
cho tre 4
-
5 tuoi.
Chu nhiem de tai: ThS. Nguyln Thi Hong Minh
Co quan
chii
tri:
Vien Dinh duong
Dia chi : 48B Tang Bat Ho
Hanoi
12/2008
A/j/oi'i/il}
Mtf
dau
Suy dinh duang tre em la moi quan tam chung
ciia
nhieu
qu6c
gia tren the giai. Hien nay,

Theo khuyen nghi cua WHO, thai gian thich
hgp
nhit
d6 hk
dhu cho tre an
b6
sung la sau 6
thang. Tre dugc an bo sung diing thang tuoi se phong cac benh coi xuang, suy dinh duang va
thieu mau vi
then
diem nay sua me khong du thoa man nhu chu ngay cang tang cua ca the tre,
dac biet la cac nhu cau ve vitamin va khoang chat. Tuy lugng can rat nho, chi khoang vai
miligam moi ngay nhung thieu vitamin va khoang chat se lam roi loan chuyen hoa trong ca the
va gay ra nhieu benh dac hieu. Sua bgt la mot loai thuc pham cung cap tuang doi day
dii
va can
doi cac duang chat cho tre vi vay viec cho tre an bo sung them siia la rat can thiet de giiip tre
phat trien toan dien.
Sua la san pham uong lien lai rat giau thanh phan dinh duang, de
hiit
am, vi vay viec quan li chat
lugng sua khi san xuat la rat can thiet.
HACCP la cong cu quan li ve sinh an toan thuc pham thuc
sir
co hieu qua. La he thong co kha
nang ngan
ngira
mot
each
chu dgng nguy ca 6 nhiem thuc pham trong qua trinh san xuat, che

sira
bgt co bo sung kem, canxi, lysine
va
prebiotic cho tre tir
1
-
5 tudi".
Ngi dung nghien
ciiu
ciia de tai bao gom:
* Nghien cim xay dung cong thiic premix va cong thiic phoi tron de tao san pham
siia
bgt danh
cho tre tir
1
- 5 tuoi
* Xay dung qui trinh san xuat sua bgt va theo doi chat lugng
ciia
san pham theo thai gian bao
quan
* Buac dau xay dung tai lieu quan li san xuat sira an toan VSTP theo HACCP code 2003
Phan I: TONG QUAN
1.1. Vai tro cua vi chat dinh
du-ong
va prebiotic
Ty le suy dinh duang thap coi
ciia
tre em Viet Nam
chi8m
1/3, dac biet la

tong hgp dugc ma phai dua tir thiic an vao ca
th8.
Thieu viatmin anh
huang nhieu tai su phat trien,
sue
khoe va gay nhilu benh dac hieu.
He thong mien dich dac
bietrihay
cam vai tinh trang kem
ciia
ca thg. Thieu kem gay suy giam
mien dich, lam anh huang xau den
sir
phat trien va chiic nang
ciia
hdu het cac te bao miln dich.
Kem tham gia vao thanh phan cua tren 300 enzyme kim loai, co vai tro
di6u
hoa hoat dgng
ciia
mot so loai hormon. Thieu kem thuang gay ra mot so bieu hien lam sang nhu: luai an, giam kha
nang mien dich, ton thuang da va niem mac, cham phat trien the
lire.
Thong ke nhirng nghien curu
chung tren the gidi cho tha'y bo sung kem lam giam 30 - 60% so lan mdc benh tieu chay,
miic
do
nang ciia benh cung giam co y nghia, tac dung ciia bo sung kem lam giam so lan mdc benh tieu
chay keo dai sau 2 -3 thang bo sung [5]. WHO
udc

benh. De kich thich
sir
tang trudng
ciia
vi khuan cd lgi cd the diing chat xa nhu oligosaccharit
(FOS/inullin)
la loai thiic an cho vi khuan cd lgi phat trien. Day la Prebiotic cd tac dung gian tiep
giiip tang cudng he mien dich.
Sfta
da dugc cong nhan la mot thuc pham hoan hao nhat trong thien nhien, vi trong sira cd
dii
cac
chat dinh duang can thiet giiip cho
sir
tang trudng cua co the va de dugc ca the hap thu. Ngoai
cac thanh phan chinh la protein, lactoza, lipit, mudi khoang cdn cd tat ca cac loai vitamin
chii
yeu, cac enzim, cac nguyen td vi lugng khdng the thay the. Protein cua sua rat dac biet, cd
chiia
nhieu va hai hda cac axit amin can thiet. Lipit
ciia
sua giii vai trd quan trgng trong dinh duang,
chiing chiia nhieu nhdm axit beo khac nhau, chiia nhieu vitamin va cd do tieu hda cao do cd
nhiet dg ndng chay thap va chat beo d dudi dang cac cau ma cd kich thudc nhd. Nhu vay, siia la
thiic an can thiet cho
sir
phat trien va tang trudng cua tre em, sir dung sua nhu la thirc an bo sung
cho tre giiip du phdng suy dinh dudng la can thilt.
1.2. Tinh hinh nghien
ciru

thang tudi bi suy dinh dudng, cho tre em d
liia
tudi bdt ddu an bd sung (5-7 thang tudi), da nhan
thay tre suy dinh dudng dugc bd sung kem cd
miic
do tang can va chilu cao tdt hon, ty le mdc
tieu chay thap hon nhdm kiem chiing
[10].
1.3. Dac diem thi
trirong
sira
a
Viet Nam
Trong tu nhien khdng cd san pham thuc pham nao ma thanh phan dinh dudng lai
kit
hgp hai hoa
nhu sua. Viec tieu thu sua tren the gidi ngay mdt tang. Tdng san lugng sua toan cdu nam 2007
udc tinh 678 trieu tdn, tang 2,3% so vdi nam 2006. San xuat sua phat triln manh d Chau A vdi
san lugng udc tinh tang 5% trong nam 2007 (Food Outlook, N-02, 2007).
Hien nay thi trudng sua Viet Nam da cd gan 20 hang ndi dia va rat nhieu doanh nghiep phan
phdi sua. Tdng lugng tieu thu sua Viet Nam lien tuc tang manh tir
15%
- 20%/nam, theo du bao
den nam
2010 miic
tieu thu sua tai thi trudng se tang gap ddi va tiep tuc tang gap ddi vao nam
2020.
Vi vay, san xuat siia van la mot tiem nang. Do ngudn nguyen lieu trong
nude
cung cap

the ki XX.
Vdi muc tieu bao ve
siic
khde nhan dan, md rgng thi trudng, nhat la khi
nude
ta da gia nhap td
chiic thuang mai the gidi WTO, nhieu nganh va doanh nghiep, nhat la doanh nghiep san xuat sira
da cd rat nhilu hoat ddng thiet thuc de thiic day qua trinh ddi mdi he thdng quan ly chat lugng va
an toan ve sinh thuc pham, dac biet la ap dung HACCP, timg budc thay the cho
each
kiem soat
chat lugng truyen thdng la dua tren kiem tra san pham cudi ciing.
Ap dung he thdng HACCP mang lai nhieu lgi ich, nhu:
- Lgi ich ddi vdi ngudi tieu diing: giam nguy co cac benh truyen qua thuc pham; nang cao nhan
thiic ve ve sinh co ban; tang
sir
tin cay vao viec cung cap thuc pham; cai thien cudc song trong
ITnh
vuc
siic
khde va kinh tl - xa hdi.
- Lgi ich vdi nganh cdng nghiep: tang sd lugng ngudi tieu dimg va do tin cay
ciia
Chinh phu; bao
dam
^ia
ca; tang kha nang canh tranh va tilp thi; giam chi phi do giam san phdm hdng va phai
thu hdi; cai tien qua trinh san xudt va dieu kien mdi trudng; cai tiln nang
lire
quan ly bao dam an

ciia
Nha nude ciing nhu cac ddi tac nude ngoai [3].
Phan II: NGUYEN LIEU VA
PHU'ONG
PHAP NGHIEN
ClTU
2.1.
Nguyen lieu
- Sira bgt nguyen lieu cua New Zealand, Australia, Trung Quoc dat tieu chudn ve sinh an toan
thuc pham.
- Fremix: vitamin, khoang chat, lysine, FOS dat tieu chuan ve do tinh khiet theo mot trong nhimg
tieu chuan: USP (The United States Pharmacopeia), BPC (British Pharmaceutical Codex),
FAO/WHO hoac chirng chi tuong duong.
- Nguyen lieu khac: dudng, chat beo siia.
- Tlii mang thiec
2.2.
Phirong phap nghien
cihi
2.2.1 Nghien
ciru
xay
dirng
cong thirc san xuat sira hot
2.2.1.1
Lira
chon sira hot nguyen lieu
Siia bgt nguyen lieu phai la sira bgt hoa tan nhanh, cd mau sac,
miii
vi tu nhien
ciia

g (200ml sira) dap
iing
ham lugng can duy tri theo khuyen nghi cua
WHO/FAO
ddi vdi tre tir 1- 5 tudi (lugng lysine can duy tri
3 Img/kg/ngay)
- Ham lugng vitamin va khoang chat trong 45g (200ml siia) dap ung 20 - 30% nhu cau cua tre tir
1-5 tudi.
- Bd sung them FOS - inullin de ham lugng chat xa hda tan trong siia thanh pham dat 5%.
- Bo sung them cac phu gia (dudng, huong lieu) de dap
iing
thi hieu cua ngudi tieu diing
Danh gia cam quan siia cdng thiic da trdn nguyen lieu phu (dudng, lysine) theo phuang phap cho
diem thi hieu (thang diem
1
- 5) de
lira
chgn siia cd chat lugng cam quan tdt nhat.
2.2.2 Xay
dung
quy
trinh
san xuat sira hot
2.2.2.1 Quy trinh san xuat sira hot
du-
kien
Siia bdt nguyen
lieu, FOS/inullin,
dudng
Dinh

Hdi ddng danh gia cam quan gdm
10
chuyen gia.
+ Theo phep thir cho dilm chdt lugng (tieu chudn TCVN 3215 - 79) Thanh lap mdt hdi
dong danh gia gom 10 chuyen gia cd ky thuat va kinh nghiem v6 danh gia cam quan, danh gia
bdng phuang phap cho diem theo thang diem tir 0
—
5 cac chi tieu cam quan da dinh
sSn
cho sd
mdu xac dinh.
(miic
0 la san pham khdng dugc cha'p nhan,
miic
5 la
miic
san pham dat do hoan
thien cao nha't - cd quy dinh cu the theo TCVN 3215 - 79) [11].
Chat lugng san phdm dugc
tinh
la diem trung binh cua timg chi tieu nhan vdi he so trgng
lugng cua nd.
Diem cha't lugng cia cac san pham cd gia tri tir 0 de'n 20 theo 6
miic
chat luong sau:
Tdt: 18,6- 20,0 Trung binh:
11,2
- 15,1 Rat kem: 4,0 - 7,1
Kha: 15,2-18,5 Kem: 7,2-11,1 Hdng: 0-3,9
- Phuong phap phan tich:

khi
Tdng sd Conforms
E.coli
S.aureus
B.cereus
Samonella
L.
monocytogenes
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Phirong phap
Do bdng may do do dm
(H/QT/19.62)
KNLTTP - 75
KNLTTP - 75
NMKL
N"6
AAS(H/QT/19.93)
AAS(H/QT/19.52)
HPLC(H/QT/19.46)
TCVN 4884: 2001
TCVN 4882: 2001
TCVN 6846: 2001
TCVN 4830: 1989
TQBYT
3350: 2001
TCVN 4829: 2001
ISO 11290-1 -2: 1996
AOAC 2000
AOAC 2000

nguyen lieu ciing xudt
xii
ciing cd
sir
thay ddi vl thanh phdn.
Bang
3.1:
Bang tong ket cac loai nguyen lieu hien co tren thj trirong Viet Nam
(Theo phan tich
ciia
nha cung cap)
Sii-a
bot nguyen kem:
TT
1
2
3
4
5
Ten san pham
Siia bdt nguyen kem
tan nhanh
(Wholemilk Powder
Instant)
Siia
bdt nguyen kem
(Wholemilk Power)
Siia bdt nguyen
kem. (Wholemilk
Power)

>28
24,8
>26
>28
>18,8
Do am
(Vo)
<5
3,1
<5
<3
<2,24
Do hoa
tan (ml)
<0,1
<1
<1
<0,5
<1
Gia Thanh
(dong)
99 000
94 000
92 000
100 000
98 000
Sira hot gay
TT
1
2

Gia Thanh
(dong)
95 000
100 000
Chat beo sira (Non Dairy Creamer)
STT
1
2
Ten san pham
Chat beo sira
Chat beo siia
Xuat
xu-
Malaysia
Ha Lan
Thanh
Protein
(%)
2,5 ± 0,3
2
Chat beo
(%)
33
±1
33
phan
Do am
(Vo)
<3
<3,5

2
Nguyen lieu
Siia bdt nguyen kem
Siia bgt gay
Thanh phan
Ca
(g/lOOg)
0.98
1.15
Zn
(mg/lOOg)
2.68
3.93
Lysine
(g/lOOg)
1.85
1.65
3.1.2.
Xac dinh ti le phoi tron cac loai sira nguyen lieu
Dua tren nhu cdu protein, lipit doi vdi tre 1-5 tudi, theo tinh toan sira thanh pham du kien cd
ham lugng protein va lipit tir
16%
- 20% va ket qua phan tich thanh phan
ciia
nguyen lieu, dua ra
mot sd ti le phdi trdn cac thanh phdn nguyen lieu cd thanh phan dinh dudng ca ban va nhu bang
sau:
Bang
3.3:
Thanh phan mot so cong thirc phoi tron nguyen lieu sura

de tim dugc ti le phdi trdn cho siia bdt cd chat lugng cao nhat.
Bang 3.4
Cong thirc
CTl
C'r2
CT3
CT4
Mau
Mill
Vi
Do hda tan
Mau
Mill
Vi
Do hda tan
Mau
Mui
Vi
Do hda tan
Mau
Mill
Vi
Do hda tan
Tong
45
44
45
43
43
42

4,8
HS trong
Iirong
0,6
1
1,2
1,2
0,6
1
1,2
1,2
0,6
1
1,2
1,2
0,6
1
1,2
1,2
cong thirc
TB
CO
HS
trong lirong
2,7
4,4
5,4
5,16
2,58
4,2

din
60 thang tudi, dua ra du
kien ham lugng vitamin va khoang chat cua sira thanh pham trong
lOOg
va trong 45g (1 lan
sii
dung)
9
Bang 3.5: Thanh phan vitamin va khoang chat
du-
kien cua sira thanh pham
Thanh phan
Thiamin
V-itamin
A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Acid folic
Vitamin
B12
Vitamin
B2
Vitamin
Be
Vitamin C
sdt
Selen
Kem
Canxi
Photpho

530
Trong 45g
0.23
175.5
4.05
2.7
54
0.49
0.27
0.23
13.5
3.6
4.95
4.5
315
238.5
Dua tren ham lugng du kien cua vitamin va khoang chat, tinh toan ham lugng vitamin va khoang
chat ciia sira phdi trdn theo ti le da chgn. Ham lugng vitamin va khoang chat can bd sung vao
lOOg
siia bdt thanh pham dugc the hien d bang 3.6
Bang 3.6: Ham Iirong cac vitamin va khoang chat can bo sung vao
lOOg
san pham
Thanh phan
Vitamin
Bi
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Acid folic
Niacin

0.16
0.3
26.1
7.6
11
8.1
190
19.5
10
Dua tren ket qua du tinh lugng vitamin va khoang chat can bd sung vao
lOOg
sira thanh pham,
ciing vdi
sir
tham khao cua cac chuyen gia cdng thiic premix dugc xay dung de bd sung vao siia
dugc
thi
hien d bang 3.7
Bang 3.7. Cong
thirc
premix
Thanh phan
Vitamin
Bi
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Acid folic
Niacin
Vitamin
B2

70
5.9
1.7
2.5
1.8
43
4.5
Du kien bd sung 460mg premix vao
lOOg
sira thanh phdm
3.1.4.
Nghien
cihi
cong thirc phoi
trpn
de tao sira
bpt
danh cho tre tir 1-5 tuoi
3.1.4.1.
Lira ch9n
ty le phoi tron
dirong
va
FOS/inulin:
Thir nghiem phdi trdn dudng vdi cdng thiic sira bdt CT4 da dugc lua chgn theo 3 ti le khac nhau
la
Ml: 5% dudng+ 5% FOS/inulin, M2: 6% dudng+4%F0S/inulin, M3: 7% dudng + 3% FOS
/inulin. Tien hanh danh gia cam quan theo phuong phap cho dilm thi
hiiu,
danh gia

33
3,3
M2
5
4
5
4
4
5
5
4
5
5
46
4,6
M3
3
3
4
2
4
3
4
3
4
4
34
3,4
Tdng
12

0,27
F
19,36
2,48
11
Tuong quan phuang sai tra bang
Ftc
=
3,55
d mirc y nghia 0.5% vdi bac tu do mau 2, bac tu do
sai sd 18 [10] . F=19,36 >
Ftc
nen ket luan dugc rang cac mau dugc yeu thich khac nhau cd nghia.
Bang ket qua cho thay siia cd ti le phdi trdn theo mau M2 cd diem trung binh cao nhat nen la
mau cd vi dugc yeu thich nhat. Vi vay, chgn ti le dudng va FOS/inulin bd sung vao la 6%dudng
va 4%F0S/inulin.
3.1.4.2.
Lya
chon ty le phoi tron Lysine
Su dung
L-lysine
monohydroclorid de bd sung vao siia (l,25g
L-lysine
monoclorid cd
Ig
lysine).
Du kien trdn de sua thanh pham dat
1378mg lysine/1 OOg
va khdng tao vi dang trong san pham.
Ket qua phan

4
5
5
4
4
4
45
4.5
900
mg
4
5
4
5
4
5
5
4
5
5
46
4.6
1000
mg
4
4
4
3
4
3

TBF
4.27
1.33
5.07
10.67
BFTB
2.13
0.15
0.28
F
7.58
0.53
Tuong quan phuang sai tra bang
Ftc -
3,55 [10] d
miic
y nghia 0.5% vdi bac tu do mau 2, bac tu
do sai sd 18. F >
Ftc
nen ket luan dugc rang cac mau dugc yeu thich khac nhau cd nghia. Bang
ket qua cho thay siia cd ti le phdi trdn L - Lysine
900mg/100g
cd diem trung binh cao nhat nen
la mau dugc yeu thich nhat.
3.1.3.3 Xac dinh ti le phoi tron premix
vol
sira bot nguyen lieu
Dat mua Premix cua nha cung cap Fotitech, Malaysia, san xuat theo cdng nghe Dan Mach.
Thir nghiem phdi trdn Premix vdi cdng thiic sira bdt da dugc
lira

chgn bd sung 460mg premix cho
lOOg
siia thanh pham
3.1.5.
D^nh
gia chat Iirong sira thanh pham
3.1.5.1:
Kiem tra chat Iirong
sCra
thanh pham
Phan tich ham lugng protein, glucid, canxi, kem,
lysine.
Vitamin A, D, FOS/inulin, do am, vi
sinh vat cua siia thanh pham. Ket qua nhu bang sau:
Bang
3.11:
Bang phan tich cac chi tieu chat lirong cua sira thanh pham
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

mg/lOOg
g/lOOg
CFU/g
MPN/g
MPN/g
CFU/g
MPN/g
/25g
CFU/g
mg/lOOg
meg/1 OOg
Ket qua
4.24
53.1
16.3
19.7
706
9.9
1.35
KPH
KPH
KPH
KPH
KPH
KPH
KPH
0.4
8.9
13
Tien hanh danh gia cam quan theo phuong phap cho diem thi hieu, danh gia

44
45
45
45
44
41
48
45
45
39
42
47
46
46
48
TB chira
coHS
trong
lirong
4.6
4.4
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.4
4.1
4.8
4.5
4.5
3.9

5.4
5.4
2.7
4.4
4.9
5.8
2.7
4.5
4.7
5.0
2.8
4.6
5.5
5.8
Diem chat
lirong
18.0
17.8
16.9
18.7
Ke't
qua danh gia cam quan cho thay siia thanh pham dat chat lugng tdt va do ua thich ve tdng
the cao hon so vdi siia
ciia
nutifood va tuong duong vdi sira Dutch Lady
3.1.4.2:
Theo doi chat lirong san pham trong thoi gian bao quan
Theo ddi chat lugng siia bdt thanh pham theo thdi gian bao quan 6 thang.
14
Sira thanh pham dugc ddng gdi trong bao gdi mang nhdm va dugc de d nai khd mat, dinh ki 3

Tdng sd Conforms
E.coli
S.
aureus
B.cereus
Samonella
L.
monocytogenes
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Don vj
%
g/lOOg
g/lOOg
g/lOOg
g/lOOg
mg/lOOg
g/lOOg
CFU/g
MPN/g
MPN/g
CFU/g
MPN/g
/25g
CFU/g
mg/lOOg
mg/lOOg
Ket qua
Sau 3 thang
4.5

0.30
7.8
Vdi ket qua phan tich d bang
3.11
va
3.13
cho thay sau 3 va 6 thang bao quan do am cua sira cd
tang len 1
chiit,
protein, lipid, gluxit, can xi, lysine, kem gan nhu khdng thay ddi, ham lugng
vitamin A va vitamin D cd giam di, ve chi tieu vi sinh vat van dam bao theo tieu chuan 46 cua
Bd Y tl.
3.2.
So bo tinh toan gia thanh san pham
TT
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
B
Khoan chi/Muc chi
San xuat 1kg su-a hot
Siia bdt nguyen kem
Sira bdt gay
Chat beo

15,000
500
130,000
62,000
Thanh tien (d)
76,880
14,850
38,000
12,250
900
230
1,170
2,480
7,000
19,220
15
3.3.
Soan thao tai lieu quan li san xuat sira theo HACCP code 2003
3.3.1 Chinh sach cua nha may, so tay chat luong va an toan.
De thuc hien dugc viec quan li chat lugng san pham theo he thdng HACCP, dau tien can cd
sir
ddng y va cam ket
ciia
ban lanh dao Trung tam thuc pham dinh dudng - Vien dinh dudng. Ndi
dung the hien trong sd tay chdt lugng va an toan (Phu luc 1) bao gdm thdng tin he thdng quan ly,
chinh sach an toan
ciia
Trung tam thuc phdm dinh dudng - Vien dinh dudng
3.3.2 Qui pham thirc hanh san xuat tot
GMP la quy pham san xuat,

Bao quan thanh pham va ban thanh pham
GMP
12:
Cdng doan ddng gdi
GMP
13:
Hoan thien san pham
GMP
14:
Kiem tra cam quan
GMP
15:
Luu kho va bao quan
GMP
16:
Xuat kho san pham
3.3.3.
SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures)
SSOP Cling GMP, kiem soat tat ca nhung yeu td lien quan den chat lugng ve sinh an toan thuc
pham cua san pham trong qua trinh san xuat, che bien, tir khau tiep nhan nguyen lieu den thanh
pham cudi ciing. SSOP la Quy pham ve sinh va
thii
tuc kiem soat ve sinh, nghia la cac quy pham
ve sinh dimg de dat dugc cac yeu cau ve sinh chung cua GMP.
Qui pham dieu kien ve sinh tdt SSOP (phu luc 3) bao gdm cac quy pham sau:
SSOP- sd
1:
Ve sinh ngudn
nude.
SSOP- sd 2: Cac be mat tiep

Trudng nhdm
Thu ki tdng hgp
Thanh vien
Chirc vu cong tac
Ky su, giam ddc trung tam
Thac
SI
Ky SU
Sinh vien thuc tap
3.3.4.2 Mo ta san pham
Md ta san pham nhu bang sau:
BANG MO TA SAN PHAM
SLTA
BOT
STT
1
2
.
3
4
5
6
7
8 '
9
10
11
12
13
14

Cac yeu cau ve dan
nhan
Cac dieu kien dac
biet
Phuang thirc sir
dung
Mo ta
Sira bdt bd sung kem, canxi, lysine va prebiotic cho tre 1-5 tudi
- Siia bdt: Sura bgt nguyen kem, siia bdt gay, chat beo siia
- Nguyen lieu bd sung: premix, lysine, dudng trang, FOS/inulin
San pham dugc bao gdi bang mang phuc hgp, cd khdi lugng
250g, cho vao trong hop giay phang, xep vao thiing cattong vdi
the tich tuong
iing
- Ham lugng am < 5%
- Dang bdt min, khdng vdn
cue,
mau trang hoac kem nhat, mui
tham dac tnmg
- Sira bdt, chat beo, premix, lysine, FOS/inulin dugc mua d cac
cdng ty nhap khau.
- Dudng dugc mua d cdng ty trong
nude
Nguyen lieu dugc bao gdi theo qui
each ciia
nha san xuat, van
chuyen bang xe day kin ve xudng
Tiep nhan nguyen lieu
—>
Kiem tra

nhu hudng dan
17
17
18
Ddi tugng sir dung
Cac qui dinh yeu
cau can tuan thu.
- Pha siia vao
nude,
khuay deu, udng lien
- Sau khi md tui, budc kin, khdng de qua 30 ngay
Tre em tir
1
tdi 5 tudi
- Theo yeu cau khach hang
- Theo cac quy dinh va tieu chuan
ciia
nha nude
- Theo Quylt dinh sd 46/2007/QD-BYT
ciia
Bd Y tl
3.3.4.3 Xay dung so do qui trinh san xuat: Dua tren co sd quan ly chat lugng san pham sira
bdt cho tre tir 1-5 tudi theo he thdng HACCP.
Sff
do qui trinh cong nghe san pham sira bot
Nhap nguyen lieu: Sira bdt nguyen
kem, siia bdt gay, chat beo siia,
premix, dudng, lyzine, FOS/inulin.
If
Kiem tra nguyen lieu

CA va bang cdng bd chat lugng cua nha san xuat.
Siia bdt nguyen lieu dugc van chuyen bang xe sach, bao bi cd ghi nhan day du va dugc kiem tra
tnrdc khi nhap kho.
18
+ Nguyen lieu khac: Cac nguyen lieu khac bao gom chdt beo sira, dudng trdng, premix, lysine,
FOS - inullin dugc thu mua tir nhung cdng ty uy tin.
Cac
Id
nguyen lieu cd ddy
dii
CA kem theo bang cdng bd chdt lugng cua nha san xudt. Ngoai ra,
nguyen lieu dugc van chuyen bdng xe sach, bao bi dugc ghi nhan ddy
dii
va dugc kilm tra trudc
khi nhap kho.
b. Luu kho
Nguyen lieu sau khi nhap dugc bao quan trong kho mat chd
chi
biln.
c.
Xudt kho
Nguyen lieu dua vao san xuat phai cdn han sir dung va tinh chdt cam quan cdn nguyen ven.
d.
Xay duang
Dudng dugc xay tdi kich thudc
0.15
mm, khoi lugng cua mdt me xay la
10
kg.
e. Dinh lugng vd tron

Tien hanh phan tich mdi nguy theo so do cay (Phu luc 4) 3 cau hdi (ddi vdi nguyen lieu) va 4
cau hdi (ddi vdi quy trinh). Ndi dung phan tich va xac dinh cac CCP nhu Bang phan tich CCP
(Phu luc 5)
3.3.4.6 Thiet lap he thong giam sat cho tirng CCP
He thdng giam sat phai dugc xac dinh mdt
each
cu the bao gdm:
- Ndi dung giam sat la gi?
19
- Giam sat bdng each nao?
- Tan suat giam sat lien tuc hay gian doan
- Ai giam sat?
Ngi dung cua he thdng giam sat dugc ghi vao Bang ke hoach HACCP (Phu luc 6)
3.3.4.7 Thiet lap cac hanh dong khac phuc sva chira
Muc tieu cua chuong trinh HACCP la xac dinh nhanh chdng cac vi pham ngudng tdi han. Phat
hien vi pham cang nhanh thi thuc hien hanh ddng sira chira cang de dang va lugng san phdm phai
xii
ly cang it. Hanh ddng sira chiia phai tien hanh
tiic
thi khi phat hien ra
sir
vi pham ngudng tdi
han tai mdt CCP
Hanh
ddng
sira chiia bao gdm 2 phan, dd la: hieu chinh, loai trir nguyen nhan gay vi pham, khdi
phuc su kiem soat qua trinh va xac dinh
miic
do vi pham cua cac
Id

hd sa
phai phu hgp vdi tinh chat va quy md cua qua trinh hoat ddng. Hd sa ghi chep la cong cu quan
trgng nhat de cd the van hanh mdt he thdng HACCP cd hieu qua.
Cac loai tai lieu gdm: phan tich mdi nguy, xac dinh cac CCPs, xac dinh ngudng tdi han.
Cac loai hd sa bao gdm: Hd so giam sat CCP, hd so ve cac sai lech va nhirng hanh ddng khac
phuc kem theo, hd so ve hoat ddng tham tra.
20
Phan IV: KET LUAN
4.1.
Cong
thirc
sira bot co bo sung vi chat
4.1.1 Sira cong thirc
Lira
chgn sira bdt tan nhanh cua New Zealand, chat beo siia
ciia
Malaysia theo ty le sau:
siia bdt nguyen kem: siia bdt gdy: chat beo =
15:
40: 35.
4.1.2 Cong
thirc
premix
bd sung
460mg/100g
san pham
4.1.3 Cong thirc sira bot co bo sung vi chat
Cdng thiic sira bdt cd bd sung vi chat la hdn hgp sira cdng thiic, premix. nguyen
lieu
phu dugc

1.
San phdm nen dugc theo ddi chdt lugng trong thdi gian dai hon de cd the dua ra han su
dung cua san pham
2.
Nen cd danh gia chinh thirc dl cdng nhan tieu chudn HACCP cho san xuat san pham siia
bdt trong gian tdi.
21
TAI
LI$U
THAM KHAO
1.
Black R.E. et al. (2008). Maternal and child under nutrition: global and regional
exposures and health consequences. The Lancet 2008, 5-22
2.
Ha Huy Khdi (2001). Dinh dudng trong thdi ky chuyen tiep. Nha xuat ban Y hgc, Ha
Ngi.
3.
TrSn
Dang (2004). Md'i nguy ve sinh an toan thirc phdm - Chuong trinh kiem soat GMP,
GHP va
He
thdng quan
li
chat lugng HACCP. Nha xuat ban y hgc, Ha Ndi.
4.
Le Thi Hgp, Ha Huy Khdi (2007). Dinh dudng va tang trudng
thi
tuc cua ngudi Viet
Nam trong giai doanl975- 2005. Tap chi Dinh dudng va Thuc phdm 2007, 1,2-13.
5.

dinh dudng thuc phdm Viet Nam.
Nha xua't ban Y hgc Ha Ndi.
13.
Bg Y te' (2007). Nhu cdu dinh dudng khuye'n nghi cho ngudi Viet Nam. Nha xua't ban Y
hoc.
Ha Ndi.
Ban giam
ddo « -^
Lanh dao trung tam
Chii
nhiem de tai
PMC VIEN
TRLfONG
{!•>
f^T
r
-^vnq
•^
''HS
„^niupe./n'
^n^
l^^tM/m
22
Phu
Ivc
1:
S6
TAY CHAT
LUONG
SAN PHAM

Huy^n
Gia
LSm
1.2 .
Ctfsotphapl^:
o Trung T9m
ThUc PhS'm
Dinh
DrfSng dUdc
thanh lap
iheo
Quyei dinh so
18/QD/TCCV
ngay
2.'i/3/2004
cua Vien
trUdng
Vien Dinh
Dir3ng,
o Gidi
thi^u
torn tat
vl
Trung
T§m Thi/c Pha'm
Dinh
DiTSng:
Trung
Tam Thrfc
Pha'm Dinh

soat cac moi nguy trong qua
irinh
san xua't
ciia Tmng Tam
ThiTc
Pham Dinh
Dirdng
de dam bao
sir
an toan.
v6
sinh doi vdi cac san pham cua Trung Tam.
He thong an toin cua Trung Tam
Thifc
Pham Dinh
IDi/Cng dUOc
mo la
irong
so lay nay dap
(Jng iheo
tieu
chuan HACCP Code
2003.
Trong so tay
niy
cung mo la trach
nhiSm
- quyen han cua cac can bo quan ly va
ciic
thanh vien ciia doi

mo la trong so tay niiy
dUdc
xay dirng va ap dung cho cac hoat dong
siin
xuiii
ciia
Trung
Tam bao gom tii khau mua nguyen vat lieu de'n
tchi giao
hiing cua san
phiim siJa
boi.
CHUONG 2:
TIEU CHUAN THAM KHAO
Tieu chuan HACCP Code
2003;
Quy pham thirc hanh HACCP cho
chirdng irinh
an loan
ihiTc
phiim.
quyei dinh
46/2007/BYT.
•ISO 5542 ; 1984
SiJa.
Xac djnh ham lugng protein
— Phirong
phap nhugm mau
den
Amido (Milk -

bgt
v^
sua
dSc
co dudng. Phuang phap
.xac
djnh ham lirgng chi.
TCVN 5780 : 1994 Sua bgt va sua dac co dudng. Phuang phap xac dinh ham lirgng asen (As).
TCVN 6262-1 : 1997 (ISO 5541-1 :
1986)
Sira va san pham sua - Djnh lugng Coliform.
Phiin
I: Kv thuat
dem
khuSn
lac d 30 °C.
TCVN 6262-2 :
1997
(ISO 5541-2 :
1986)
Sua va san pham sua

Djnh lugng Coliform.
Phan
2:
Ky
thuat dim
s6
CO
xac suat

sira
- ' Djnh lugng
ll.Coli
gia dinh. Phan I: Kv
•
thu^it
dem
s6
cd xac sudt
Idn
nhdt (MPN).
TCVN 6505-2 : 1999 (ISO
11866-2
:
1997)
Sua va san pham sua - Djnh lugng
J-lColi
gia djnh. Phin 2: Kv
thuat dem so cd xac sudt ldn nhat
(MPN)
diing 4
metylumbelifervl-b-D-GlucuronitlMUG)
TCVN
6505-3
:
1999
(ISO
11866-3
:
1997)

ky long hieu nang cao.
^
• TCVN 6843 : 2001 (ISO 6092 ;
1980)
Siira bgt. Xac djnh do
axil
chuan do (phuong phap
chuanj.
• fcVN 7084 : 2002 (ISO 1736 : 2000) Sira bot. Xac dinh ham lugng chdt beo. Phuang phap khdi lugng (phuong
phap chudn).
CHUONG 3:
HE THONG
QUAN
LY
S.lCOCAUTOCHLfC:
A. SO DO TO
CHtrc
CUA TRUNG T.AM:
GIAM DOC TRUNG TAM
Dpi trudng HACCP
PGD phu trach
kjnh
doanh
PGD
phii
trach nghien
citu
Ke'
todn
Vattu

ban thanh pham
(dUdng) trUdc
khi giao cho cac cong doan tiep theo.
•^ ThUc hi?n
ve sinh nha
xUdng,
may mdc thie't bj
trUdc
san xua't cung
nhu'
sau qua trinh siin xua't
nhilm
dam bao
ludn
sach se
.f"^
Cd trich nhiem bao cao phu trach san xua't cac van de lien quan de'n
sir
mat kiem soat cac thdng so'
trong
qua
trinh san xua't.
^
Chiu trach nhiem ve mgi
sir
khdng phii hdp trong bd phin
minh trUdc
phu trach san xua't va cdng nghe.
•^
Ghi chep va cap nhat day du ho sd theo ddi cac cdng doan

5.
Y3u ciu
kha nang va kinh nghiem tdi thieu
'^
Tot nghiep trung hgc.
»^
ft nha't 1 nam kinh nghiem.
•^
Am hieu cic hoat dgng nganh san xua't thirc pham.
6. Uy
quyIn
khi vang mat
<^
Do phu trich san xua't phan cdng
trirc
tiep
Tdi da dgc, am hieu va cam ke't
thUc
hien Trach nhiem - Quyen han
iheo
bang nay.
II.
tdng doan trdn san pha'm
1.
Vj trf: Phu
trdch
c6ng doan trdn
2.
Bio cio: Phu trich
xt/oing