Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Journal of Inequalities and Applications
Volume 2010, Article ID 789285, 14 pages
doi:10.1155/2010/789285
Research Article
Integral-Type Operators from Fp, q, s Spaces to
Zygmund-Type Spaces on the Unit Ball
Congli Yang
1, 2
1
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Guizhou Normal University,
550001 Gui Yang, China
2
Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111,
80101 Joensuu, Finland
Correspondence should be addressed to Congli Yang, congli.yang@uef.fi
Received 7 May 2010; Revised 21 September 2010; Accepted 23 December 2010
Academic Editor: Siegfried Carl
Copyright q 2010 Congli Yang. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative
Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in
any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Let H
B denote the space of all holomorphic functions on the unit ball B ⊂ C
n
. This
paper investigates the following integral-type operator with symbol g ∈ H
B, T
g
fz
1
and
z, w z
1
w
1
··· z
n
w
n
.
Let
Rf
z
n
j1
z
j
∂f
∂z
j
z
1.1
stand for the radial derivative of f ∈ HB. For a ∈ B,letgz, alog1/|ϕ
a
p
sup
a∈B
B
Rf
z
p
1 −
|
z
|
2
q
g
s
z, a
dv
α
f
z
< ∞.
1.3
The space Fp, p, 0 is the classical Bergman space A
p
A
p
0
see 3, Fp, p − 2, 0 is the
classical Besov space B
p
, and, in particular, F2, 1, 0 is just the Hardy space H
2
. The spaces
F2, 0,s are Q
s
spaces, introduced by Aulaskari et al. 4, 5. Further, F2, 0, 1BMOA,the
analytic functions of bounded mean oscillation. Note that Fp, q, s is the space of constant
functions if q s ≤−1. More information on the spaces Fp, q, s can be found in 6, 7.
Recall that the Bloch-type spaces or α-Bloch space B
The little Bloch-type space B
α
0
BB
α
0
consists of all f ∈ HB such that
lim
|z|→1
1 −
|
z
|
2
α
Rf
z
0.
1.5
Under the norm introduced by f
B
α
δ, 1
, lim
r → 1
μ
r
1 − r
a
0,
μ
r
1 − r
b
is increasing on
δ, 1
, lim
r → 1
μ
r
1.7
Write
f
Z
f
0
sup
z∈B
1 −
|
z
|
2
R
R
2
f
z
0.
1.9
Let μ be a normal function on 0,1. It is natural to extend the Zygmund space to a
more general form, for an f ∈ HB, we say that f belongs to the space Z
μ
Z
μ
B if
sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
R
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
R
2
f
z
,
1.11
and Z
μ
will be called the Zygmund-type space.
Let Z
μ,0
denote the class of holomorphic functions f ∈Z
μ
such that
lim
f
ζ h
f
ζ − h
− 2f
ζ
<C
|
h
|
, 1.13
for all ζ ∈ ∂B and ζ ± h ∈ ∂B, where AB is the ball algebra on B.
For g ∈ HB, the following integral-type operator so called extended Ces
`
aro
operator is
T
g
f
g
from Bloch-type spaces to Zygmund-type spaces in 11. For more information about
Zygmund spaces, see 12, 13.
In this paper, we characterize the boundedness and compactness of the operator T
g
from general analytic spaces Fp, q, s to Zygmund-type spaces.
In what follows, we always suppose that 0 <p, s<∞, −n − 1 <q<∞, q s>−1.
Throughout this paper, constants are denoted by C; they are positive and may have different
values at different places.
4 Journal of Inequalities and Applications
2. Some Auxiliary Results
In this section, we quote several auxiliary results which will be used in the proofs of our main
results. The following lemma is according to Zhang 14.
Lemma 2.1. If f ∈ Fp, q, s,thenf ∈B
n1q/p
and
f
B
n1q/p
≤
f
Fp,q,s
f
B
α
, 0 <α<1,
C
f
B
α
log
2
1 −
|
z
|
2
,α 1,
C
f
B
α
1 −
|
z
|
2
q
g
s
z, a
dv
z
≤ C.
2.3
Lemma 2.5. Assume that g ∈ HB, 0 <p, s<∞, −n − 1 <q<∞, and μ is a normal function on
0, 1,thenT
g
: Fp,q, s →Z
μ
or Z
μ,0
is compact if and only if T
g
: Fp,q, s →Z
μ
μ
|
z
|
R
2
f
z
0.
2.4
3. Main Results and Proofs
Now, we are ready to state and prove the main results in this section.
Theorem 3.1. Let 0 <p, s<∞, −n − 1 <q<∞, and let μ be normal, g ∈ HB and n 1 q ≥ p,
then T
g
: Fp, q, s →Z
μ
is bounded if and only if
Journal of Inequalities and Applications 5
i for n 1 q>p,
sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
R
2
g
z
1 −
|
z
|
2
1−n1q/p
< ∞,
3.2
4
sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
R
2
g
z
log
2
1 −
|
z
|
2
< ∞.
3.4
|
R
2
T
g
f
z
≤ sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
Rf
≤
f
B
n1q/p
sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
Rg
z
z
1 −
|
z
|
2
1−n1q/p
≤ C
f
Fp,q,s
sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
R
2
g
z
1 −
|
z
|
2
1−n1q/p
.
3.5
Hence, 3.1 and 3.2 imply that T
g
: Fp, q, s →Z
μ
is bounded.
Conversely, assume that T
g
: Fp, q, s →Z
μ
z
1 −
|
w
|
2
1n1q/p
1 −
z, w
2n1q/p
−
1 −
|
w
|
2
1 −
z
|
R
2
T
g
f
w
z
sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
Rf
w
w
Rg
w
f
w
w
R
2
g
w
μ
|
w
w
|
w
|
2
1 −
|
w
|
2
n1q/p
.
3.8
From 3.8, we have
sup
|
w
|
>1/2
μ
|
w
|
w
|
w
|
2
1 −
|
w
|
2
n1q/p
≤ 4
T
g
f
w
Z
μ
< ∞.
3.9
w
|
≤1/2
μ
|
w
|
Rg
w
< ∞.
3.10
Combing 3.9 and 3.10,weget3.1.
In order to prove 3.2,letw ∈ B and set
h
w
z
1 −
|
w
w
Fp,q,s
≤
C. Hence,
∞ >
T
g
h
w
Z
μ
≥ sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
R
2
h
w
z
R
2
g
z
≥ μ
|
w
|
R
2
g
w
1 −
|
w
|
2
n1q/p
.
3.12
From 3.1 and 3.12,weseethat3.2 holds.
ii If n1q p, then, by Lemmas 2.1 and 2.2, we have Fp, q, s ⊆B
1
,forf ∈ Fp, q, s,
we get
T
g
f
Z
μ
T
g
f
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
Rf
z
Rg
z
f
z
|
Rg
z
1 −
|
z
|
2
−1
C
f
B
1
sup
z∈B
μ
sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
Rg
z
1 −
|
z
|
2
−1
C
f
Applying 3.3 and 3.4 in 3.13, for the case n 1 q p, the boundedness of the operator
T
g
: Fp, q, s →Z
μ
follows.
Conversely, suppose that T
g
: Fp, q, s →Z
μ
is bounded. Given any w ∈ B,set
f
w
z
1 −
|
w
|
2
2
1 −
z, w
w
|
Rg
w
|
w
|
2
1 −
|
w
|
2
< ∞.
3.15
By 3.14 and 3.15, in the same way as proving 3.1,wegetthat3.3 holds.
Now, given any w ∈ B,set
f
w
z
|
z
|
R
2
T
g
f
w
z
≥ sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
|
R
2
g
w
log
2
1 −
|
w
|
2
−
μ
|
w
|
μ,0
is compact;
Ci for n 1 q>p,
lim
|
z
|
→ 1
μ
|
z
|
Rg
z
1 −
|
z
|
2
−n1q/p
2
1−n1q/p
0,
3.19
ii for n 1 q p,
lim
|
z
|
→ 1
μ
|
z
|
Rg
z
1 −
|
z
|
1 −
|
z
|
2
0.
3.21
Journal of Inequalities and Applications 9
Proof. B ⇒ A. This implication is obvious.
A ⇒ C. First, for the case n 1 q>p.
Suppose that the operator T
g
: Fp, q, s →Z
μ
is compact. Let {z
k
}
k∈N
be a sequence
in B such that lim
k →∞
|z
k
| 1. Denote f
k
zf
z
k
z,k ∈ N,andset
f
1 −
z, z
k
n1q/p
,k∈ N.
3.22
It is easy to see that f
k
∈ Fp, q, s for k ∈ N and f
k
→ 0 uniformly on compact subsets of B
as k →∞.ByLemma 2.5, it follows that
lim
k →∞
T
g
f
k
Z
μ
0.
z
sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
Rf
k
z
Rg
z
f
k
f
k
z
k
R
2
g
z
k
μ
|
z
k
|
Rf
k
k
|
2
1 −
|
z
k
|
2
n1q/p
.
3.24
From 3.23 and 3.24,weobtain
lim
k →∞
μ
|
z
k
|
Rg
z
k
z
k
|
2
n1q/p
0,
3.25
which means that 3.18 holds.
Similarly, we take the test function
f
k
z
1 −
|
z
k
|
2
2
1 −
z, z
k
k
z
1 −
|
z
k
|
2
1 −
z, z
k
n1q/p
,z∈ B,
3.27
then h
k
Fp,q,s
≤ C,and{h
k
}
k∈N
converges to 0 uniformly on any compact subsets of B as
|
z
|
R
2
T
g
h
k
z
sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
|
Rh
k
z
k
Rg
z
k
h
k
z
k
R
2
g
z
k
1−n1q/p
−
μ
|
z
k
|
Rg
z
k
|
z
k
|
2
1 −
|
z
k
|
2
z
k
|
2
1−n1q/p
0,
3.30
which implies that 3.19 holds.
ii Second, for the case n 1 q p, take the test function
f
k
z
log
2/
1 −
z, z
k
2
log
−→ 0ask −→ ∞ .
3.32
Journal of Inequalities and Applications 11
Hence, we have that
T
g
f
k
Z
μ
≥ sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
R
2
T
g
k
z
R
2
g
z
≥ μ
|
z
k
|
R
2
g
z
k
k
|
2
1 −
|
z
k
|
2
.
3.33
From 3.20, 3.32,and3.33, it follows that
lim
k →∞
μ
|
z
k
|
R
2
g
T
g
f
z
μ
|
z
|
Rf
z
Rg
z
f
1 −
|
z
|
2
−n1q/p
C
f
Fp,q,s
μ
|
z
|
R
2
g
R
2
g
z
0
. 3.36
Further, they also imply that 3.1 and 3.2 hold. From this and Theorem 3.1, it follows that
set T
g
{f : f
Fp,q,s
≤ 1} is bounded. Using these facts, 3.18,and3.19, we have
lim
|
z
|
→ 1
sup
f
Fp,q,s
≤1
μ
12 Journal of Inequalities and Applications
Theorem 3.3. Let 0 <p, s<∞, −n − 1 <q<∞, and let μ be normal, g ∈ HB, n 1 q<p,then
the following statements are equivalent:
A T
g
: Fp, q, s →Z
μ
is bounded;
B g ∈Z
μ
and
sup
z∈B
μ
|
z
|
Rg
z
1 −
|
Rg
z
1 −
|
z
|
2
−n1q/p
0.
3.39
Proof. A ⇒ B. We assume that T
g
: Fp, q, s →Z
μ
is compact. For f ≡ 1, we obtain that
g ∈Z
μ
. Exploiting the test function in 3.22, similarly to the proof of Theorem 3.2,weobtain
that 3.39 holds. As a consequence, it follows that
lim
|
z
k
→ 0 uniformly on compact of B as k →∞.ByLemma 2.1 and 18, Lemma 4.2,
lim
k →∞
sup
z∈B
f
k
z
0. 3.41
From 3.39, we have that for every ε>0, there is a δ ∈ 0, 1, such that, for every δ<|z| < 1,
μ
|
z
|
Rg
z
< ∞.
3.43
Journal of Inequalities and Applications 13
Hence,
μ
|
z
|
R
2
T
g
f
k
z
μ
|
|
z
|
≤δ
μ
|
z
|
Rf
k
z
Rg
z
sup
δ<
|
Z
μ
sup
z∈B
f
k
z
≤ G
μ
sup
|
z
|
≤δ
Rf
k
z
1 −
|
z
|
2
n1q/p
g
Z
μ
sup
z∈B
f
k
z
≤ G
μ
sup
.
3.44
Since f
k
→ 0 on compact subsets of B by the Cauchy estimate, it follows that Rf
k
→ 0on
compact subsets of B, in particular on |z|≤δ. Taking in 3.44, the supremum over z ∈ B,
letting k →∞, using the above-mentioned facts, T
g
f
k
00, and since ε is an arbitrary
positive number, we obtain
lim
k →∞
T
g
f
k
Z
μ
0.
3.45
z
1 −
|
z
|
2
−n1q/p
0.
3.46
Proof. A ⇒ B. For f ≡ 1, we obtain that g ∈Z
μ,0
. In the same way as in Theorem 3.4,we
get that 3.46 holds.
B ⇒ A. By Lemmas 2.1 and 2.2, we have that
μ
|
z
|
R
z
R
2
g
z
≤ C
f
Fp,q,s
μ
|
z
|
Rg
z
z
.
3.47
14 Journal of Inequalities and Applications
This along with Theorem 3.2 implies that T
g
{f : f
Fp,q,s
≤ 1} is bounded. Taking the
supremum over the unit ball in Fp, q, s, letting |z|→1in3.46, using the condition B,
and finally by applying Lemma 2.6, we get the compactness of the operator T
g
: Fp, q,s →
Z
μ,0
. This completes the proof of the theorem.
Acknowledgments
The author wishes to thank Professor Rauno Aulaskari for his helpful suggestions. This
research was supported in part by the Academy of Finland 121281.
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