M ột s ố kinh nghiệm về giảng dạy phân môn luyện từ và câu lớp 2-3
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MT S KINH NGHIM
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
* L do chn đ ti
*ơ s! l" lu#n
, /01234567.879.:-3;<=.->?7@7-A7931B123C.71DE<FG5H3I3J5K23
<.8--LM79KN.-1H71-1OB79=G-PQRS)*+D<.:31LR79TU7123C.715V>W79<N7-P4CX
TY79<N7-P<HB<.:3<.8-3Z049.=B 8S4->=BK[.\V9.=.KBO77HG<H9.=.KBO7 8S-1JB
QH>]-^0=7->279D
1Z7567Q0G:7-P<H3Z0QH-_792.5W-1`SS1a7->B79567 879.:-DS1Z75677HGQH
5W-1:-1N793I3bH.-FS<P=Q0G:7-P<P=Q0G:73Z071c530793]S31B123C.7171d79
e.87-1f3<@g
h* %0G:7-P
b_73O71<N7-PTL`330793]S^0=bH.-FSK23S1Z7567Q0G:7-P<H3Z03?79.iS
123C.715V>W79<N7-P-1JB31jK./5-1679^0=bH.-FS-1k31H71DbLR3Ka031B123
C.71>l7Q0G:73I31Tm793I3-P31nCk<F-431n1BO-KW79431n->O79-1I.431nKo3K./5D
)* %0G:73Z0g123C.71Qa7QL`-QH5^0J7<R.3I3e./03Z0->a7-10F-71L3MbA771Lg
=.QH59Ep=.QH9Ep=.-187HBpD1./0KL`3bWS1F73j=3Z0->AQq.31B3Z01r.s=.pQH
9EpQH59Epe1.7HBpVKZ0p71L-187HBp<EC=BpK/QH59Ep
7t5KL`33I31Tm793I3T]03Z0gT]031]54T]031]51r.4T]031]5-1=74T]0S1uG
*QH5^0J7<R.b.:7S1IS-0-Pg71Z71;=4CBCI71
->.-1f3<@3Z0KL`3 8S71F7-v311`S->.-1f3<@-PQBO.^0=3I3bH.-FSD123C.71b.8-
1BH7-1H713Z0bc793I31-E5-PK/K.@7<HB31w->N794Ko-3Z0<R.-P<P=-E5KL`34Ko-
3Z0-1JB->=714Tm795W--PK/<.8-71.@03Z0Be1I371=04Tm79-P>q.x8S-1H713Z0D

1- |73f<HB5Y3 _04G_03a0471.:5<Y4S1LM79S1IS9.A79TOG567.879
.:-QRS)*+
2- |73f<HBCI319.IBe1B=4CI319.IB<._7QRS)*+
3- |73f<HB3I3-OS31.9.IBTY3 /01234-OS31v189.R.->B79-=<H3I3-H.
Q.:03;Q._7^0=7D
4- k=<HB-E711E71-1k3-89.A79TOGQRS)*+<H<.:331nKOB-[310G_7567)*+
K/Ki3>i-e.71791.:5D
5- 0=-E51./0Qt79791J…e.873j=5W-CN9.IB<._7->k3 _S9.A79TOGQRS)*+
‚g'!
I-Thực trạng tình hình
>B79-1k3-89.A79TOG4>]-71.@09.IB<._73?7^0IQ:-10W3<HBCI319.IB<._7DU0
b.8->c79CI319.IB<._7QH†3u57=79‡->B791H71->=79TOG123DˆI319.IB<._7K‰9;S
S1a7KI79e/9.iS9.IB<._7K~711LR79e.87-1f3<He•7|793a7KO-KL`3->B79-P79bH.
1233Y-1/DI31CBO7bH.K‰9;SS1a79.iS9.IB<._73;3I.71E7-[79^0=7<@-BH7bW
31LM79->E713j=56712341:-1N79S1LM79S1ISTOG123-1Lq79KL`3<F7TY79->B79
-P79S1Z75673Y-1/D1L79->B795W-CN->Lq791`SˆQO.KL=>=-1_55W-CN7W.
T079e16793;->B79CI31<R.K~711LR79†ˆI319.IB<._7K€79-1q.QH-H.Q.:0
790€7‡D>B79CI313;71.@0bH.K‰30793]S31B9.IB<._771d79e.87-1f3e1B=1233a7
KL`3b[-i3K/TOG123‡ŠH.Q.:0b€.TL‹79-1Lq79x0G_7-FSh->=79)Œ•D0=+7|5
->k3 8STOGQRS)4+bA7-1Z7-6.71F7-1]GCI319.IB<._73?73;71d79b]-3FS9ZGQi79
-i7931B9.IB<._7->B79^0I->E719.A79TOG71]-QH71d79bH.1239.iS123C.71QRS+
bLR3K]0QH5^0J7<R.b.:7S1IS-0-PgˆBCI71D6.K‰Tk9.q9.IB<._7<HK.@0KI79
83xAG>=QHgŽ167971d79123C.715H79=G3A9.IB<._73z793?7QU7QW79.d=1E71
A71CBCI71<HCk<F-CBCI71D23C.7131L=S1Z7b.:->H715O31KL`33I3QBO.3Z0e/=.
QH9Ep.QH59.p.-187HBpW-7W.T079-LM79K;.e1;TOGKN.<R.QRS)*+QHg†K.@7
K]03Z0<HB31w-1v311`S->B79K2=7<|7‡D>B79S1O5<.bH.<.8-7=G-6.x.7K@3FSK87
5W-CNe.71791.:5K/S1Z7b.:-1E71A71CBCI71<R.Ck<F-CBCI714S1Z7b.:-3Z0e/=.
QH9Ep.QH59Ep.187HBpŽ.71791.:5<l9.A79TOGTO79bH.-FSg†{.@7T]03Z0
-1v311`S<HBKBO7<|7‡
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K23DˆI319.IBe1B=.879.:-QRS)*+KL`3xZGTk79-1JB)->Y3QH31jK./5<He•7|794
->B79K;31jK./5KL`3Q]GQH5e107931B3A30N7CI3143?7e•7|79KL`3Q]GQH5
e107931B-P79-0a74-P79KM7<~123D1679^0=<.:3-E51./07W.T079bH.-FSK235H
9.IB<._75V>W79<H30793]S<N7-P31B123C.71D0N7<FG49.IB<._73a7xI3K~71
71d79-P3a7-E51./0791•=->B79bH.-FSK23K;QHg
*P79de1;KN.<R.123C.71KL`331i9.A.VC=0bH.-FSK23
*P79dS1[-16795H123C.71K~=S1LM7931L=^0J7D
*P79dK;79<=.->?^0=7->279K/1./07W.T079bH.-FSK23
{N.<R.3I3-P79d3?7QO.780123C.717HB31L=1./049.IB<._79.A.-1v31>._7931B123
C.71K;1Bo3-OBK.@0e.:7K/123C.71e1I39.A.-1v319.iS4e167971]--1.8-S1A.KL=>=
9.A.-1v313107931B3AQRSD
.IB<._73a79.A.791•=-Pe1;31BˆTk=<HB<N7-P3I3J5K‰3;K/9.A.791•=4
9.A.791•=bc79K€Tm79TOG123<F--1F-1Bo331B123C.71QH571d79bH.-FS71rK/
7t5791•=3j=-P71Lg-E5-PK€79791•=4->I.791•=45._0-ACk<F-S1N.1`S<R.KW79
-I343X31nD{o-3Z0<R.-P3a79.A.791•=D>_73MCVK;9.iS3I3J5 8S-10e.87-1f3<@
<N7-P4791•=3j=-PD>B79S1a7-E51.@0791•=3j=-Pg-PK€79791•=4->I.791•=4791•=
31v714791•=5V>W79\K/123C.71 8S-10<H<F7TY79-N-e.87-1f331i79-=3a7S1N.
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M ột s ố kinh nghiệm về giảng dạy phân môn luyện từ và câu lớp 2-3
1`S71.@03I31-[31f331B123C.71-1ABQ0F74CL0-a54Q0G:7-FS<HB<|73A713Y-1/K/
7t5KL`3791•=3j=71;5-PK;D
)*Một số căn cứ để phân biệt từ chỉ sự vật, hoạt động, trạng thái, từ chỉ đặc
điểm.
,QRS)4+31i79-=31L=7_0K~71791•=<@T=71-P4KW79-P4-v71-P5H31n7_0V
TO79-P31nCk<F-4->O79-1I.4-P31n-v7131]-Ko3K./5D
’791•=e1I.^0I-gP31nCk<F-Š=71-P•
P31n1BO-KW794->O79-1I.Š{W79-P•
P31n-v7131]-4Ko3K./5Šv71-P•
=• {/S1Z7b.:-3I3-PQBO.->_7-=Tk=<HBe1A7|79e8-1`S3j=-P
P31nC.71<F-3;e1A7|79e8-1`S<R.g-]-3A471d7943I345w.452.47HG4e.=4K;D

]-71._79.IB<._73a7S1Z7-v31K/123C.71-1]G3;71d793Z03;3Y5QH–T=71-P
71L79e1679S1A.QH3Z0=.QH9Ep
vTYg-H07HB3;3a7->Y3bN3Q_7QH3a7->Y3<LM7-R.D
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M ột s ố kinh nghiệm về giảng dạy phân môn luyện từ và câu lớp 2-3
Z0->_73;bWS1F7<~79de16799t7<R.-P†QH‡5H-P†QH‡Tm79K/7N.)<83Z0
91•S3;-1/-1=Gbc7931d†-1/‡T.•7-ACk<.:33;^0GQ0F-D
~79d->B793Z0=.QH59Ep-1Lq79QHKW79-P1=G3Y5KW79-PD
vTYgC;79<wQBB79bBB79->_75O7-10G@7DwQBB79bBB79QH5W-3Y5KW79-P
5._0-A1BO-KW7971d793B7C;79D
~79d->B793Z0=.-187HB-1Lq79QH-P31n-v7131]-Ko3K./54QH-P31n->O79-1I.
1Bo33Y531j<~D
vTYg.879C;79<wQBB79bBB79->_75O7-10G@7
1j79dg.879C;79<wD†QBB79bBB79‡QH-v71-P5._0-AKo3K./53j= 879C;79<wD
T•k=<HBCkS1Z7b.:-KW79-P31n->O79-1I.1=GKW79-P31n1BO-KW79D
{W79-P43Y5KW79-P->B793Z0e/=.QH59EpQHKW79-P5._0-A1BO-KW79->k3 8S
3j=31j-1/K;DvTYg|74K.431OG471AG\
{W79-P43Y5KW79-P->B793Z0e/=.-187HBQHKW79-P43Y5KW79-P31n->O79-1I.
->B795N.^0=71:3j=5W--1k3-84->B795W-1BH73A71e16799.=7-1q.9.=7Da747_74
S1A.4LR35B79Š31n->O79-1I.•D91•4-LV794xJ5431B>c79Š-1/1.:7…791•1=G71F7
x•-•D
+) Phân biệt hình ảnh so sánh v sự vật so sánh trong luyện từ v câu lớp 3.
ˆBCI71QHb.:7S1IS-0-P->B79K;79Lq.-=CBCI71KN.31.80Ck<F-4Ck<.:37HG<R.
Ck<F-Ck<.:3e1I33;7•--LM79K€79K/79Lq.K23479Lq.791JT•1./01M741./0>—1M7
<@KN.-L`79KL`37;.-R.D
ˆI319.IBe1B=e1679KL=>=e1I.7.:5<@CBCI715H31n-1679^0=1:-1N79bH.-FS
K/1E71-1H71e1I.7.:5<@CBCI71D
;˜TO79bH.-FS3MbA7C=0g
=• ‘H.-FS-E53I3Ck<F-KL`3CBCI71
b• ‘H.-FS-E51E71A71CBCI71

CI71->B793Z0->_7QHg
1I0CBCI71<R.679›31I0CBCI71<R.79HG>O79CI79D
$79KL`3CBCI71<R.b0[.->q.31.@0D
P-1k3-8K;-6.K‰791._73f0<H-[31f3310G_7K@Q0G:7-P<H3Z0QRS)*+<R.5B79
50N7QH9.iS9.IB<._7-1]GKL`371d79b]-3FS3j=ˆ<He1t3S1Y3Ck71a5QU7
KI79 83->B79^0I->E719.A79TOGD
{/-E51E71A71CBCI71<HCk<F-KL`3CBCI71->B793Z0<|73|0-1M9.IB<._73a7
31BˆK23eœ-BH7bWbH.-FSK/xI3K~71>—bH.-FSG_03a0-E51E71A71CBCI711=GCk
<F-CBCI71D.IB<._73a79.iSˆ1./0gE51E71A71CBCI71QHS1A.7_0>—4KaGKj
1.:7-L`79CBCI71->B793Z0-1M43Z0<|7K‰31B-1JB3]0->i3gˆk<F-KL`3CBCI71–
S1LM79T.:7CBCI71–-PCBCI71–Ck<F-K/CBCI71
mG-1JB-P79bH.-FS5H3;-1/3;1=Ge16793;S1LM79T.:7CBCI711=G-P31nCkCB
CI71D1L791E71A71CBCI71b=B9.q3z7931f=Ck<Z-CBCI71Šb=B9€5Ck<F-CBCI71
<HCk<Z-QH5310u7K/CBCI71•
1d793Z0<|743Z0-1Me16793;-P31nCkCBCI71-=3;-1/-1_5KL`3-P31nCkCB
CI71DvTYg-H0TP=›31.83QL`331A.<HB5FGx=71D=3;-1/-1_5KL`3g-H0TP=71L
31.83QL`331A.<HB5ZGx=71D
R.3Z0<|743Z0-1M5H1E71A71CBCI71x0]-1.:7e1679Q.@75O31-=7_731B123
C.71-E5Ck<Z-KL`3CBCI71>€.5R.-E51E71A71CBCI71D
vTYgB=C]0-1M571•D~1B=310=-1]5<HBKa0QL‹.-LV7971L<~7t797B73j=
5m=1l5R.K87<P=K279QO.D
=31B123C.71-E5)Ck<Z-KL`3CBCI71<R.71=0g<~1B=›<~7t797B7D
E51E71A71CBCI71g<~1B=310=310=-LV7971L<~7t797B7D
˜•Kinh nghiệm v dạy dạng bi tập đin dấu phẩy thch hợp vo đoạn văn cho
trước
>B79TOG123-6.-1Lq791LR79TU7123C.71e./0bH.-FS†{.@7T]03Z0K‰31B<HB
31w-1v311`S‡3Y-1/QHgKo-T]0S1uG<HB31w7HB->B795w.3Z0pT]03Z031BC•7QH
T]0S1uGD1w3a7K.@7T]0S1uGQH31w79|73I313I3-1H71S1a7K€7931f3D
w.bH.-FS<@T]0S1uG-6.KL=>=b=3I31-1k31.:7S1m1`S<R.-P79-1H71S1a7123
C.71->B79QRSD‘=3I31K;QHg

I31)gm79S1.80CMK€->`9.iSŠ1w->`1B3C.71-E5e.853I3bWS1F73Z09.N79
71=0•g
k=<HBCMK€123C.71C}-E53I3-P79d
ŠbWS1F73Z0•3m79->AQq.31B3Z01r.cái
gìp-PK;3I3J5Qk=3127<~->vKo-T]0S1uG
5W-3I3131v71xI3D
I31+gŽ1=.-1I3e.71791.:579d3A5
3j=123C.71D
.IB<._71LR79TU7123C.71->=BK[.->B7971;5bN71Bo33oSK6.gK233I33Z0C=0
K;Tm79bi-31E9O31C[S1Z73I313I3-P79d>€.C=0K;CX=31d=K/KL=>=<~->vKo-T]0
S1uG5W-3I3131jKW7943;…-1f3D
vTYgbH.+Š.879.:-+-FSh›->=79h+••
‰G31•SKBO7<|7C=0<HKo-T]0S1uG<HB71d7931w-1v311`Sg
1Z7TZ7-=Q06791.CZ0Qq.TOG3j=31j-~31€1v.71gK€79bHBŽ.711=GHG
Lq791=G=B.=*>=.1=Gƒ*K_MK|791=G‘=*7=<H3I3TZ7-W3=71J5e1I3K@0QH
3B731I0.:-=5K@0QH=71J5>0W--1~-D1i79-=CN79318-3;71=0CLR79e1[3m79
71=07BK;.9.iS71=0D
I31hg:-1N793Z01r.9`.5VD
pE53I33oS-P79d31n31n-_73I3TZ7-W3->B79Qq.TOG3j=31j-~31€1v.71p
pI33oS-P79dK;3m79->AQq.31B3Z01r.9Ep
m79S1uG-I313I3bWS1F73Z09.N7971=03m79->AQq.3Z01r.Aip
p‘I3K‰e1š79K~71K€79bHB3I3TZ7-W3->_77LR3-=QH9Ep
pI3-P79dK;3m79->AQq.31B3Z01r.9Ep
m79T]0S1uG-I313I3-P79d3m79->AQq.31B3Z01r.là gìp
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I.9Ep 187HB
=D
bD
3D
M ột s ố kinh nghiệm về giảng dạy phân môn luyện từ và câu lớp 2-3

K/1BH7-1H713I3bH.-FSK;D
III- Những kết quả đạt được.
ˆ=0)7|5->k3 _S31nKOB310G_7567-[)*+3m79<R.)7|5->k3 8S9.A79TOG
QRS+4<R.-]-3A-Z510G8-3j=5E71-6.K‰9.iS3I39.IB<._7->B79-[7t531t37W.T079
S1Z7567Q0G:7-P<H3Z04-k-E5-?.1231r.4Ki3>i-e.71791.:5-1679^0=9.A79TOG<H
Người viết: Cao Thị Hải Vân Giáo viênTH Quảng Thu#n
.p %H9Ep
{€79bHB
Ž.711=GHG
,KZ0 .QH59EpŠ.-187HB•
=•
b•
3•
T•
M ột s ố kinh nghiệm về giảng dạy phân môn luyện từ và câu lớp 2-3
310G_7K@7_7K‰Ta7e1t3S1Y3KL`3-€7-O.31iG80->B799.A79TOGQ0G:7-P<H3Z0QRS
)*+DŽ8-^0A3Y-1/71LC=0g
h›@9.IB<._7
hŸŸ¡9.IB<._7->B79-[7t531t3e.87-1f3Q0G:7-P<H3Z03;->B797W.T079
31LM79->E71QRS)<H+
.IB<._7K‰-1Z571FS9.IBI74CXTY79Q.711BO-3I3S1LM79S1IS<H1E71-1f3TOG
1234-k 7->B79->0G@7-1Ye.87-1f3De16793;9.IB<._77HB3;Ck71a5QU7K=79 83
71L->LR3KZGD
+* @123C.71D
I3J5K‰3;5W-CN<N7-P 879.:-31jG80<Hb.8-CXTY79-PK/Ko-3Z04<.8-
K2=7<|7DŽ1.3a7K/9.A.791•=3j=-P•Ÿ¡123C.71K‰T.•7KO-KL`33I311./03j=
5E71KN.<R.-P3a79.A.791•=D¢£¡123C.71b.8-Ko-3Z0<R.-PK‰31B4h+¡123C.71
3?7Qi79-i79->B79<.:3Tm79-P3a73;Ck9`.…3j=9.IB<._7D
23C.71K‰b.8-S1Z7b.:--LM79KN.31v71xI3-P31nCk<F-4-P31n1BO-KW794->O79
-1I.4-P31nKo3K./5;->B793Z0<|71Bo3KBO7<|731B->LR3DŽ1.9.IB<._7G_03a0-E5

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M ột s ố kinh nghiệm về giảng dạy phân môn luyện từ và câu lớp 2-3
TY79-Pe1679Ki79Qi34e1679Ki7931w47;.7|793W3QN3-1.80Ka0-1.80K06.D{.@0
31n71e~S-1q.71d79Qw.<@<.:3Tm79-P4<.8-3Z04KBO7<|7D
•*[31f3<HK=TO791;=3I31E71-1f3123-FS4xZGTk7931B3I3J5-1;.^0J7-k1234
-k-E5-?.3I.5R.->B79<.:3123.879.:-DZ793=B<.:31`S-I3->B79123-FSK/3I3
J5KI719.IQU771=0^0=^0I->E71QH5<|741233I.1=G43I.CI79-OB3j=71=0<HK.@0
31n71Cd=Qw.5t3S1A.D
Œ*1N.1`S<.:3123-FS 879<.:-<R.3I3S1Z7567<H9.d=3I3567123<R.71=0D
£*{/123C.71-v31QzGKL`35W-CN<N7-P41./0KL`35W-QL`79e.87-1f3<@79d791•=
879.:-<H<F7TY794CXTY79<HB3I3bH.-FS-1k31H713z7971L1BO-KW799.=B 8S
->B7930W3CN794K?.1r.3I3J5Q067123-FSe167979P79D.:3CXTY79<N7-P 879
.:-43I3e.87-1f3<@3Z04<@QH5<|74->B79^0I->E719.A79TOG3a7S1N.1`S<F7TY79
31o-31}bV.3I31E71-1f3123-FSS1m1`SC}7Z793=Be1A7|79123 879.:-3j=123
C.71D.:3K[.5R.3I3S1LM79S1ISTOGC=B31BS1m1`SC}QHK.@0>]-^0=7->279->B79
87->E71TOG1233j=-1aG<H->?D1v71<E<]7K@7HG5H79Lq.-1aG3a7S1A.Q.711BO-
->B79^0I->E71TOG1233z79-OB>=5W-e16799.=75V->B791BO-KW79TOG<H1239.iS
3I3J5 8S-10-6-<.:31B3 879.:-3j=5E71D
II- Đ xuất
Y5310G_75673z7971L1?799.IBTY33a7-1Lq79x0G_7-[31f3310G_7K@1Bo3
1W.-1AB310G_756731B9.IB<._7K/31i79-6.3;K.@0e.:7->=BK[.41231r.4Ki3>i-
e.71791.:5K/1.:0^0A9.A79TOG79HG3H793=BD
>_7KZGQH5W-CNe.71791.:571r5HbA7-1Z7-6.-kKi3>i-KL`3->B79^0A->E71
9.A79TOGD]-5B79KL`33]S->_7<HbO7K239;S…e.87K/bA7-1Z7-6.3z7971L3I3
-1H71<._7->B79-[9.A79TOG79HG3H791.:0^0A1M7D
0A7910F779HGhŸ-1I79˜7|5)ŸŸ¢
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