HA
NOI
- 2007
DAI HOC
QUdc
GIA HA NOI
TRlJdNG
DAI HOC KHOA HOC
TU
NHIEN
^ ^
Jis
y
JjS
rf!
Sp
t"
»I"
NGHIEN
Ciru
TRUYEN SIEU AM TRONG MOI
TRUdNG
DAT DA.
( Research of transmission of
untra-sound
in ground and
stone
environments)
MA
SO:
QT-07-17.

l.CN.
Pham
Van Thanh.
2.
CN. Vo Ly Thanh Ha.
3.
KS.
Ngd
Quy Them.
d. Muc tieu vd noi dung nghien
cuti:
- Muc tieu: Nghien
cihi
qua
trinh
truyen song am trong cac moi trucmg tho nhu dat, cat, be
tong
v.v Danh
gia kha nang thu phat song sieu am trong cac moi trudng nay.
- Noi dung nghien
cihi:
+ Che tao may phat sieu am tan sd 40kHz - 500kHz .
+
Che'
tao cac
m§u
do.
+ Khao sat
toe
do truyen song sieu am trong cac moi

Kinh phi da sii dung 20.000.000 d ( Hai muai trieu dong
chSn
).
Xac nhan cua BCN Khoa
PGS.TS Nguyen The Binh
Xac nhan cua truang
OMO Hl£u
THUONG
t
/
PQS.lS.SjjiL^u^&iuni
2.
Summary (by English)
a. Project, code
Research of transmission of untra-sound in ground and stone environments
Code : QT-07-17
b.
Main responsible person
MS.
Nguyen Dang Lam, Faculty of Physics,
Hanoi University of Science (HUS), Hanoi National University
c.
Incorporated members
BA. Pham Van Thanh
BA. Vo Ly Thanh Ha
ED.
Ngo Quy Them
d. Purposes and contents
- Purposes: Research of transmission of untra-sound in some crude environments
as ground, sand, concrete, etc

Chuang 2: Che tao may phat sieu
am
14
2.1
So
do mach dien 14
2.2
Ketqua
va thao luan
18
Ketkuan
20
Tai lieu tham khao 21
Phu
luc 22
Lcil
ma dau.
The ky 20 nhan loai da
chu:ng
kien su phat
tri^n
manh me ciia khoa hoc va ky thuat.
Trong do
am
- situ
km cOng
la mot trong nhirng nganh khoa hoc co
nhiJng
budrc tien
vucft

quan trong, dat tien de cho viec che tao nhung thiet bi co kha
nang ap dung trong thuc te.
De tai nay nham khang dinh kha nang truyen song sieu am trong moi truang tho
nhu dat, da, be
tong, Tir
do dua ra nhung hudng phat trien tiep theo de co the ap dung
duac trong thuc te.
Chuang 1: Khao sat kha nang truyen song sieu am
trong dat da.
1.1 Che tao
mSu
do.
Mau do duoc che tao bao gom:
(1).
3
mau
do lam bang dat hinh lap phuang:
5 cm
5 cm
5 cm
Hinh
1.1:
Kich thucfc
3
miu
dat
hinh
lap phuang
Ty le pha duac cho nhu bang:
Ky hieu

lap phuang
- Miu ba tong mac 300, ky hieu 2.1,
ti
le: nu6c/xi mang = 0.44
+ Xi mang: 4
+ Da: 1
+ Cat: 5
- Miu
be
t6ng mac 300 + phu gia deo (Sika), ky hieu 2.2:
nu6c/xi mang=0.361
(3).
1 miu da xanh hinh tru: ky hieu 3.1
0=74.5 mm
h=200
mm
Hinh
1.3:
Kich thu6c
ciia
miu da
(4).
Miu gach nung, ky hieu 4.1
215
mm
90 mm
50 mm
Hinh
1.4:
Kich

thiet
bi do.
1.2.1. Thiet
bi
C386
Day
la
thiet
bj
sieu
am
diing
de do van
toe truyen
sieu
am. Vdi miu do cd
chieu
dai
1,
thdi gian truyen
t thi van
toe
truyen
C
duac tinh theo cong thiic:
c-l
t
DSu
E'lal
Mau

Thdi gian
lam
viec
Xung sieu
am
9999
^
0.16
fis
±
0.16
ps
12VDC
0.3
A
5 h
vdi
nguon
12 V, 1.9A.h
Bien
do da
lap
trinh
1000 Volt
dinh
750 Volt
dinh
Toe
dd phat
si6u am

Check'ubes b
CONCRETE
Emetljig prqbe
I'HivriiiKovTHrMJMC
liililil.NCMMIIon
ReceJvijig
probe
f"*v/^^-tv,-;.j^.
Hinh 1.8: Sa do khdi va hinh anh ciia may CLS 2
Trong dd:
Screen (display): bg hien thi
Winch: cam bien do do sau.
10
Check tubes: cac ong de tha bien
tijr
sieu am
Emetting probe: bien
tir
phat sieu am.
Receiving Probe: bie'n
tijr
thu sieu am.
1.3 Ket qua va thao luan.
a.Tien
hanh do trong phdng thi nghiem: Sii dung thiet bi C386
- Ket
qua
tien hanh do cac miu trong phdng thi nghiem, thu dugc:
+ Vdi 2 miu be tong mac 300 va mac 300 + phu gia deo (sika)
Ten miu

Da
Gach nung
MSu da't 1
Mau dat 2
Mau da't 3
Ky hieu
mSu
3.1
4.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
Van
toe
(m/s)
5681.818
1487.889
1329.787
1373.626
1348.8
He so ha'p
thuCa)
7.25042
18.83898
44.44134
62.29842
50.36067
Khoi
lugng
rieng p

1
•ecc :acc ?ooo zxio riK :x3j zboa
•ikg-m)
a)
vim/s)
5CC0
'A(j m)
b)
Hinh 1.9 : Cac ket qua tien hanh do dac trong phdng thi nghiem
Nhu vay:
- Mat do cang
Idn
thi
van
tdc truyen sieu
am
se cang
Idn.
- Ddi vdi he sd ha'p thu: ta tha'y phu thugc nhieu vao mat do hat, dp ddng deu trong
ti^ng
miu khao sat: he sd hap thu la nhd nha't ddi vdi vat lieu la da,
Idn
nha't la miu
dat sd 2.
b.
Tien hanh do tren miu do sir dung thiet bi CLS2
Bang. Ket qua
kiem
tra thi
nghiem

0."?J^
1.12
l:Sj.VlS6h
gach
Uv,
brlon^
i.i:-
i4>i
Re
titni;
1 :!10(U.;i5S
Hinh 1.10: Ket qua do tren
miu ket hgp
12
-
Six
dung thie't bi CLS2 do tren miu do ket hgp ta thay cd su phan
Idp
ro rang tren
tirng
Idp
do, cd the xac dinh gan chinh xac cac lap khac nhau, nhat la cac loai cd
mat do hat rat khac nhau nhu dat vdi gach xay, dat vdi be tong, gach vdi be tdng.
c.
Tien hanh do tren hien trudng tai tda nha
15
ting Dai hgc Hung Vuang:
i-ix-
no
-

each
ro rang giira cac mdi trudng. Tdc do tang ddi vdi
cac mdi trudng cd do lien ket
Idn:
tang tir mdi trudng dat cat den gach, be tong. Vdi cac
cot be tdng cd do dong nha't thi tdc do truyen sdng la tuang ddi on dinh. Con cot cd chat
lugng khdng ddng deu thi tdc do truyen sdng thay doi
Idn.
Vdi ket qua nay chiing ta cd the khang dinh : cd the dung sdng sieu am de tham dd
Idng
da't. Cd the thu dugc tin hieu phan xa
tij
cac
Idp
vat lieu khac nhau
tir
do cd the diing
ky thuat mach dien
tix
de su ly tin hieu thu dugc thanh hinh anh cac
Idp
dat da dudi long
dat phuc vu cho viec tham dd long da't d do sau dudi
Im.
13
Chuang 2: Che tao may phat sieu am.
2.1 So do mach dien.
2.1.1
Sado
khdi.

do rgng
ciia
xung
kich
phat sieu am.
(3):
Khdi phat tan sd cong hudng: tao xung vd tuyen ben trong xung kich phat sieu am,
tan sd xung vd tuyen cd the dugc dieu chinh
phii
hgp vdi tan sd cdng hudng ciia bien
tir
phat de sdng sieu am dugc phat ra vdi cudng do
Idn
nha't.
(4):
Khdi khue'ch dai: khue'ch dai xung kich phat sieu am
tijr
12V p-p len tdi tren 200V p-p
(5):
Bie'n
tir
phat sieu am: bien tu ap dien phat sieu am truyen vao moi trudng khao sat.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
D
D
Hinh 2.2: Gian dd xung

20.0hs:
WltllUlllMlllllll'P
|l^
11.53935Hz
II h
ii»iit"
•> I
•• •
"1
a)
. ^) .
Hinh 2.3: Bd phat xung dong bg va tin hieu dau ra
a) Sa dd bg phat b) Tin hieu dau ra
Outl
t,=
0.693
(R1+R2)C2
t2 =
0.693 (R2)
C2
T = ti+t2 =
0.693
(R,+2R2)C2
Prod(Cl) 86.66ns ^eo.ochs
/4^
.44
T
(/?,
+2/?2)C2
Thay vao cac gia tri tuang

I
02
_
i
m
VCC
—==cr^i™^
6'
CVOLT
DISC-
Out2
103
OUTHJM:^;
KE;5}D
TS.BEV
b)
a)
^
c)
Hinh 2.4: Bg chinh do rgng xung
a) Sa do nguyen ly b) Tin hieu dau ra Out 2 vdi tin hieu ddng bg Outl
c) Do rgng mot xung cua Out 2
Do rgng phin
miic
cao dugc tinh theo cdng
thurc:
t=l.l*VR*C2
Vdi:
gia tri
VR=116.3kohm

p^
7
.
©tse-
VR2
50K
OUT
Gill 3
Out
2
?HB
•^
k,
>-P
<iCl> 13.8933U
neq<CI)
Out
3
•"
a) b)
Hinh 2.5: Bd phat tin sd cdng hudng
a) Sa dd nguyen ly b) Tin hieu dau ra Out 2 va Out
3
Dau
ra
Out
3
dugc dieu
khie'n
bdi tin hieu

thu
Mm\f^/v\/^^
p-p
(CD
12,666AP
(CD
ig.3us
Coupling
DClfVt
lYestcn 51.B1347kHz
SflO.
(K.»
Probe
t:l
B
Offset
e.eo
u
CHI
1:1
z.ee
u/diu
DC
Full
CHZ
1:1
2.ee
u^diu
DC
run

vao hai
dSu
bie'n
tir
sieu am, bien tix se phat ra cac
chijm
xung sieu am vdi tan sd lap lai
bang
t^n
sd dong bd cua khdi 1.
2.2 Ket qua va thao luan.
Da tao dugc may phat sieu
am
vdi tan sd cd the dieu chinh 40kHz den 500kHz va
kich phat dugc bien
tir
sieu am.
Bien tu sieu am da phat dugc theo timg
chijm
vdi tan sd bang tin sd ciia bd phat
ddng bg. Tan sd sdng sieu am la 63.9 kHz, bien do
Idn
nha't dat dugc 9.2 V p-p
rt>KOCAWft»
BOkS^S Z&nviu YCK0GA«4
1
4
:
au.
DO

lens/s
lediMi.
<<
MamllOk
>>
4.5eMW
4.7»eeeu
3.2m6W
m^^^
YOKOGWH
•
-ta?
I'-P
(C2)
9.d3333U
rres<cz)
PP0d(C2)
63.9386ZkHz
15.64US
c) d)
Hinh 2.7: Tin hieu phat sieu am
a,b: Xung sieu am thu tren bien tu thu va xung
kich
phat
cd:
Chiim
sieu am tai bien tu thu
sens^
2«Muii.
18

Hinh
2.8: May phat sieu am va tin hieu thu dugc sau khi truyen qua
mau
a) May phat sieu am
b) Tin hieu thu dugc :
b] :
tin
hieu
ciia
xung
kich
phat va xung sieu am thu dugc sau khi qua
mau
b2 :
khuech
dai
hinh
anh
ciia
bl
19
Ket kuan.
So sanh vdi muc tieu de ra ciia de tai, ket qua thu dugc ciia chiing tdi da hoan thanh
dugc muc tieu de ra.
1.
Thiet ke lap rap thanh cdng may phat sieu am tan sd 50kHz den 500kHz.
2.
Khao sat dugc quy luat bien doi
van
tdc truyen sdng sieu am trong cac mdi

Tai lieu chuyen khao
ki^m
tra khdng pha hiiy bang phuang phap sieu am. Khoa Vat
Ly - Dai hgc Tong hgp Ha Ndi.
3.
Hudng dan sii dung may
thir
sieu am Tyce C368. PGS.TS Cao Chi Dung - Vien ca
hgc.
4.
CSL2
Manual.
21
Phu luc
L Photocopy bai bao kem bia va muc luc Tap chi cong bd
01 bao cao Hoi nghi Khoa hgc Dai hgc Su pham 2, 2007
Nguyfin
Dang Lam, Pham Van Thanh, Ngo Quy Them, Mot
sdket
qud
nghien
cdu
qua trinh truyen song sieu dm trong mdi
trucmg
ddt dd, be tong, tr. 58, Hdi nghi
Khoa hgc Dai hgc Su pham 2, 2007.
2.
Photocopy bia luan van Dai hgc dugc thuc hien theo hudng de tai
Khda luan Dai hgc:
• Tran Trgng Nghia, K48 Vat ly, Phuang phdp kiem tra khuyet tat trong khdi

3. Tieu ban: Van hgc 7
4.
Tieu ban: Ngdn
ngCr
25
5. Tieu ban: KHGD - GDTC & GDTC 31
6. Tieu ban: Toan - Tin 44
7. Tieu ban: Vat ly 55
8. Tieu ban: Hoa hgc 65
9. Tieu ban: Sinh - KTNN 81
10.
Muc luc
99
24
Hpi nghi
Khoa hoc 2007
hieu
SO
radar hien dai. thuc hien
iren
bo mach
TMS320C6416T
DSK
ciia
hang Texas Instrument. Cac
chucmg irinh
ma ngu6n
C
viet vdi su trg giup
cua phan

Nguyen
Ddng Lam,
Pligm
Vdn Thdnh
Dgi
hoc Qudc gia Ha
Noi
Ngo Quy
Tliem
Vien
Ca,
Vien KH&CN Viet
Nam
B^o
cao
trinh
bay nhung ket qua budc dau cua
vi^c
nghien
ciiu,
khao
.sal
qua trinh truyen song sieu
am
trong m6i tmdng da't, da, be
i6ng.
Nhom tac gia bao cao da do
dupe van tO'c
truyen song sieu
am

the Cooper pairing may be
represented
by our
Coopc^r
pairing
potential.
With the Cooper
pairing,
the received
energy
spectrum of
elccirons
is suit as other
theories The
low density of atoms
58
25