BO GIAO Dl)C DAO T~O

TRUONG J)~I H()C KINH TE TP.HCM
---~W~---

"

'

...,

LEVAN THANH

"

,...,

?

,

?

MQT SO GIAI PHAP CO BAN
'
"
'
,
~
NHAM HOAN THIEN
VA

2.2.1.1.2.Phan tich anh hu'ong cua ye'u to' chinh tq va phap lu~t.. ............................. 12


2.2.1.1.3.Phan tich anh hu'dng cua ye'u to' kinh te' ..................................................... 13
2.2.1.1.4.Phan tfch anh hu'dng cua ye'u to' van h6a xa hQi.. ....................................... 15
2.2.1.1.5 .Phan tich anh hu'dng cua ye'u to' khoa hQc cong ngh~ ................................ 15
2.2.1.1.6.Phan tfch anh hu'dng cua ye'u to' cd sCi h1;1 t§ng giao thong va giao thong
do thi ........................................................................................................... 16
K
tK
"• tfuung
d~
" t'IC h an h h•~A
2 .2 . 1. 1.7 .Phan
uvng cua yeu
0 tlJ'
. nh'"
I en, mOI
............................... . 17
" TICH
, MOl
" TRV'dNG VI MO" ............................................................... 18
2.2.1.2.PHAN
2.2.1.2.1.Phan tich c1;1nh tranh ................................................................................... 18
2.2.1.2.l.l.C1;1nh tranh n9i bQ nganh .................................................................... 18
2.2.1.2.1.2.C1;1nh tranh voi xe may ngo1;1i nh~p ..................................................... 19
2.2.1.2.2.Phan tich khach hang .................................................................................. 20
2.2.1.2.3.Phan tich nha cung d(p ............................................................................... 21
2.2.1.2.3.l.Ngu6n cung dtp phl,l tung va linh ki~n ............................................... 21
2.2.1.2.3.2.Ngu6n tai chinh ................................................................................... 22

'

A

'

,

,(!

'

3.2.1.Chie'n lu'qc n
,;?
? ph,;?am ............................................. . 47
ve;, ng h"ten
va' ph at
tnen
san
3 .3 .3. 1.Gtat
3.3.3.2.Giai phap cai tie'n h~ th6ng phan ph6i va dich Vl} sau ban hang ....................... 48
3.3.3.3.Giai phap tang tru'Cing hu'ong v€ nhii'ng khu do thi moi va thi tru'ong nong
thon .................................................................................................................... 49
3.3.4.Nh6m giai phap h6 tr
PHl) Ll)C


GIAI THICH CAC CHU VIET TAT vA CAC THUAT NGU
• EFE: Ma tr~n cac ye'u to' ben ngoai.
• . /FE: Ma tr~n cac ye'u to' ben trong.
• SWOT: Ma tr~n Bi~m mt;tnh - Bi~m ye'u - Cd h()i - Rui ro.
• FDI: Vo'n d~u tu' tn,tc tie'p nuoc ngoai.
• CBU (Completely Build-up): San ph~m nguyen chie'c.
• SKD (Semi completely Knock-down): may moe thie't bi du'

DANH MVC CAC BANG

Bang 1:
Bang 2:
Bang 3:
Bang 4,:
Bang 5:
Bang 6:
Bang 7:
Bang 8:
Bang 9:
Bang 10:
Bang 11:
Bang 12:
Bang 13:
Bang 14:
Bang 15:
Bang 16:
Bang 17:
Baq.g 18:
Bang 19:
Bang 20:
Bang 21:
Bang 22:
Bang 23:
Bang 24:
Bang 25:
Bang 26:
Bang 27:

M1,1c tieu xua't khffu.


~

?

~

PHANMODAU
l.Stf can thie't cua d~ tai:
Hi~n nay, xe may la phu'dng ti~n di l~i chd ye"u cda ngu'oi dan Vi~t Nam. Hdn

90% phu'dng ti~n cd gioi dang htu thong t~i Vi~t Nam la xe may. Trong di~u ki~n khi
rna thu nh~p binh quan dffu ngu'oi cda ngu'oi dan Vi~t Nam con ra't tha'p, Cd sd h~ tffng
n6i chung va h~ tho'ng giao thong do thi va nong thon n6i rieng con ye"u kern, cac
phu'dng ti~n giao thong cong c()ng t~i cac thanh pho' Ion chua phat tri€n, thi xe may
da, dang va se con la phu'dng ti~n di l~i chd ye"u d Vi~t Nam. V oi nhung the" m~nh
khach quan cda n6 nhu' gia cava chi phi sd' dt;mg tha'p, ca'u t~o ddn gian, tinh cd d()ng
va hi~u sua't ho~t d()ng cao da lam cho xe may trd thanh m()t phu'dng ti~n htu thong
chie"m ti tn;mg ap dao trong cd ca'u phu'dng ti~n htu thong t~i Vi~t Nam hi~n nay.
Nganh cong nghi~p xe may Vi~t Nam vua moi du'
va m()t s6 ghli phap cd ban d€ ho~m thi~n va phat tri€n nganh c6ng nghi~p xe may
Vi~t Nam de'n nam 2010.

6.Phtidng phap nghien cuu
Lu~n

van sd' dvng cac phudng phap nghien cliu trong quan trj nhu: phudng
phap tu duy h~ thfing, phudng phap nghien cuu ljch sd', phudng phap nghien cuu m6
ta, phudng phap nghien cuu tudng quan, ke't h
h6a cha't, va cac cong ngh~ nhu due, xi, m~. han ... , vl the' d€ san xua't hoan chinh
cac chi tie't & bQ ph~n cua xe may doi hoi nganh cong nghi~p san xua't phl;l tung va
cac nganh cong nghi~p lien quan phai tudng do'i phat tri€n.
Xe may la phudng ti~n giao thong vl the' yeu cffu cd ban la phai it hong hoc
ba't thuong va an toan cao khi di chuy€n. Nhung b9 ph~n quan tn,mg nha't anh
huCing de'n cha't lu
cac doanh nghit%p Vit%t Nam Ia:p rap va cung ca'p da chie'm hdn 80% thi tru'ong Vit%t
Nam. Slf xua't hit%n ciia cac lo~i xe may gia re c6 ngu6n go'c tu Trung Quo'c da bu()c
m()t so' cong ty c6 VDTNN lao vao CUQC c~nh tranh gia ca. Ben c~nh d6, cac doanh
nghit%p san xua't 1a:p rap xe may Vit%t Nam cfing co' ga:ng he't sue d€ nang cao ti It%
n()i dja h6a d€ du'a ra nhung san ph5m c6 gia ca cha'p nh~n du'
Trang 3


"

?

"

,..

,..

,

,..

"

1.2.VAI TRO CUA NGANH CONG NGHIEP XE MAY VIET NAM VA KINH
NGHI}tM CUA MQT SO NUOC KHAC
1.2.1.Vai tro cua nganh cong nghi~p xe may Vi~t Nam trong n~n kinh te' quo'c
dan
Nganh cong nghit%p xe may Vit%t Nam san xua't ra phlidng tit%n di chuy~n
pht;tc vt;t chinh dang nhu c~u di ll;ti cua cac t~ng lop dan eli. Hit%n nay hdn 90%
phlidng tit%n cd gioi dang btu thong Ia xe may, xe may chie'm hdn 60% trong cd ca'u
phlidng tit%n di ll;ti cua nguoi dan C1 cac thanh pho'lon. Khi rna cac phlidng tit%n giao
thong cong c()ng chua phat tri~n dud~ thoa man nhu c~u di ll;ti cua nguoi dan thi xe
may v~n Ia m()t phttdng tit%n di chuy~n chinh cua nglioi dan Vit%t Nam. Ngoai vit%c
dong vai tro Ia m()t phttdng tit%n di l:;ti, xe may con dong vai tro nhtt Ia m()t phudng

Trang4


nhung gop ph~n giam tham h1,1t v~ ngoe;ti t~ rna con thuc d~y nganh cong nghi~p
n

1.2.2.3.Ngimh cong nghi~p xe may Trung Quo'c
Nam 1951, Trung Qu6c bcit d~u san xua't xe may. Tuy nhien, de'n nam 1980,
Trung Qu6c v~n chi c6 24 doanh nghit$p san xua't xe may voi t6ng san lu'VT: n an chie'c
Niim
SLXK

1998

40

1999
258

2000
1.980

2.300
Ngu6n: Thoi bao Kinh te' VN

1.2.2.4.Nganh cong nghi~p xe may ciia Han Quo'c, Dai Loan
Ccic qu6c gia H~m Qu6c, B~ti Loan cling tie'p nh~n sl;t' dffu tu' tu phia cac t~p
doan xe may Nh~t Ban, nhu'ng sau d6 hQ da mua h,ti ban quy€n cong ngh
Trang 7


CHUONG II: THUC
. TRANG
. NGANH CONG NGHIEP
. XE
MAY VI~T NAM HI~N NAY
,

,..

,

'

A

'

A

,

,..?

?

'


1.507.052
1.768.052
248,36%
Ngu6n: Bao cao

E>VT:chie'c
2001
2002
2003(D\l' kie'n)
325.700
773.000
700.000
1.700.000
1.012.294
300.000
2.025.700
1.785.294
1.000.000
14,57%
-11,87%
-43,98%
PhOng Marketing Cong ty Honda Vi~t Nam

Bang 4 Tinh hinh tieu thl) qua cac nam
NAM
DNC6VDTNN
DNVIf!TNAM
T6ng cc)ng

1998

-28,20%
-8,70%
220,39%
Ngu6n: Bao cao phOng Marketing Cong ty Honda Vi~t Nam

Bang 5 Sfflu'(jng cac doanh nghi~p san xua't & l~p rap xe may qua cac nam
Nam
DNCOVE>TNN
DNVN

1998
6
4

1999
6
18

2000
6
51

2001
6
57

2002
2003 (E>ft u nam)
7
7
TNN co ti 11$ n()i dia hoa
d6i voi san ph~rn tu 40% de'"n 78%, cac doanh nghil$p trong nuoc co ti 11$ n()i dia
hoa tu 30% de'"n 65% va pha'n dffu nang dffn ti 11$ n()i dia hoa tu nay de'"n narn 2005.
Mi.ic du rnc;tng luoi cung ca'p ph-.;t tung trong nuoc da duai Loan. Cc;znh tranh giila cdc ttJ_p doan gia
tang: T~i Nh~t Ban c~nh tranh giua 4 t~p doan san xua"t xe may Ion ngay cang trC1
nen gay g~t. Tuy nhien, cac d~i gia nay khong thon tinh l~n nhau rna c~nh tranh
theo ki~u d9c quy€n nh6m.
Tht truilng iJ cdc nufic kem phdt triin: Khi thi tru'ong n¢i dia bao hoa va
cu'ong d(> c~nh tranh ngay cang gia tang thl cac cong ty da quefc gia tie'n hanh xam
nh~p vao thi tru'ong cac nu'oc kern phat tri~n. Cac nu'oc nhu' Thai Lan, Indonexia,
Malaixia, Vi~t Nam, Trung Quefc d€u c6 nha may ciia cac t~p doan Nh~t Ban, va
thi tru'ong cac nu'oc nay chfnh la ngu6n tang tru'dng cho cac t~p doan xe may hang
dci u the' gioi.
Xu huang toan cdu h6a va dfa phUdng h6a trong vi~c san xuat va phan pho'i
ph~ tung: cac cong ty da quO'c gia dang xay dl;ing ffiQt h~ thO'ng san xua"t, phan phO'i
phv tung mang tinh toan cciu, di€u nay c6 nghia la ffiQt sO' phv tung se du'
AFTA se phai do bo hang rao thue' quan danh vao hang h6a nh~p khffu tu cac mtoc
thanh vien khac .

2.2.1.1.2.Phftn tich anh htidng cua ye'u to' chinh trj va phap lu~t
Vi~t Nam lit mqt quo'c gia c6 moi truong chtnh tri va h~ thong chtnh quyin dn
djnh: Slf 6n dinh v~ m~t chfnh tri 1a di~u ki~n tien quye't d~ phat tri~n kinh te'.
La thanh vien cua AFTA vito ngay 281711995, Vi~t Nam da chtnh thlic tham
gia vito chztong trinh CEPT ( Chztong trinh thue' quan ztu dai c6 hi~u lf!c chung) vito
nam 1996. Theo chuong trlnh nay, thl muc thue' nh~p khffu giua cac mtoc ASEAN
se dlt
1«$ n()i dia h6a thong qua chinh sach thue' nh~p kh~u u'u dai.
Cong tac bao hq siJ hflu cong nghi¢p, chong hang gia, hang nhai: trong thoi
gian qua v~n con ra't nhi~u ba't c~p, ye'u kern.
Chinh sach kilm soat so' lu(fng xe may dang kY va sit dr,mg mlii: do s6 luVT:%

Nam
GDP

86


02

2,84

3,63

6,01

4,68

5,09

5,81

8,7

8,08

8,83

9,54

9,34

8,5

5,76

4,77


1998
340

E>VT· USD
1999
2000
2001
2002
32,6 ti
363
390
410
430
Ngu6n: vneconomy.com.vn

Thu nh~p quo'c dan va thu nh~p quo'c dan tinh theo dffu nguoi con ra't tha'p,
to'c d
24,22
24,76

E>VT : ng1u(f1
Nong thou(%)

75,78
75,24
,
'
Nguon:
Thoi bao kinh te VN

Qui rno dan so' va to'c d
nu'oc ASEAN va cac nu'oc Dong A khac thlfc hi~n. Trong khi nh6m G7 (tru Nh~t)
c6 trlnh d() cong ngh~ cao va trang thie't bi hi~n d~i thl chie'm d 1~ qua nho: 12%
t6ng sO' vO'n dffu tu' nu'oc ngoai vao Vi~t Nam. Tlnh tr~ng tren la m()t trong nhii'ng
nguyen nhan lam cho san phffm du'