------------

NGHIÊN
-16

MSSV: 2072127
-

1


–

–


1.
2.

:
SBA - 16"

3.

4.
a.
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–


1.
2.

:
- 16"

3.

4.

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
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
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................



.
c.

SBA-16.
s

metylen
-16".
M

-

-

ii


...........................................................................1
1.1

...................................................................................1

1.1.1.
1.1.2.

......................................................................1
Khái quá


1.3.1.

.................................................................................7

1.3.2.

................................................7

1.3.3.

......................................................................8

1.3.4.

.......................................................9

1.4

-16 ............................................................12

1.4.1.

– 16 .......................................................................12

1.4.2.

-16 ..........................................................12

1.5



...........................................24

1.6

.............................................................26

1.6.1.

..........................26

1.6.2.

....................................................28

1.6.3.

..................29

1.6.4.

..................................29

1.6.5.

 VIS ...................................................30
.......................................................................................32

2.1.


3.2.1.

............................................................................39

3.2.2.

.......................................41

3.2.3.

..................................................42

3.3

..43

3.3.1.

-16 .....................43

3.3.2.

-16 ....................................45
...................................................................48

iv


4.1.
4.2.

-

...........................................................38
................................................................39
.......................................40
.................................................................41
.............................................................................42

-

.................................................43
.......................................................44

vi


-

...................45
......................................................46

vii


...................................................................5
........................................................................27
.....................................................................32
............................................................................37
2


..............................................50
-16 ........................................................51

x


RHA

Rice Husk Ash

BET

Brunauer-Emmett-Teller

UV-VIS

Ultraviolet – V

XRD

X-ray diffra

SEM
I
S

VLMQ
MQTB
M41S
TEOS


c trong nhà máy

t

[3]

ỉ

màu là nh ng nhóm ch a
> < > = ,  N =

các n i ôi liên h p v i h i n  không c
N ,  NO2,...
NH2,  COOH,  SO3H,  OH,...

1.1.2.

q

s

[2]

Thu nhu m t ng h p r t
d ng v thành ph n hoá h c, màu s , ph m
vi s d g. Có hai cách phân lo i thu nhu m p bi n nh t:
1. Phân lo i theo c u trúc hoá h g m có: thu nhu m azo, thu
antraquinon, thu nhu m triarylmetan, thu nhu m phtaloxiamin.



lmetan (11%), arycydin (7%),

%
●
Ar–SO3Na → Ar–SO3– + Na+

%
azo,

%

%

1.1.3.

%

[3, 4]

Thu nhu m azo ch a nhóm azo (  N  N  ) trong phân t và các nhóm
tr màu t theo c tính c a nhóm tr màu. N u nhóm tr màu mang tính baz
có các nhóm y electron m nh
–NH2, –NR2… g i là thu nhu m azoba . N u nhóm tr màu có tính axit do các nhóm th – OH, – COOH, –SO3H
g i là t
nhu m azo-axit. ây là h thu nhu m quan tr ng nh t và có s
l ng l n nh t chi m kho ng 60-70% s l ng các thu nhu m t ng h p.
Ph n l n thu c nhu
c s
g là t c nhu


may
ẻ

…

ỉ

ỷ

%
ỉ %
ra,
Â
ẻ

1.2
1.2.1

[7]

3


-

kg/m3

2




(%)
- xenlulo

43,30

Lignin

22,00

D-xylose

17,52

I-arabinose

6,53

Methylglucuronic axit

3,27

D-galactose

2,37
94,99

s



2


C)
1.2.2.2

2

SiO 2
SiO 2

SiO 2
SiO 2

+
+
+
+

2F 2

SiF 4

4HF

SiF 4

+
+

2

Silic

trong

axit silixic.
Na 2SiO 3

+

+

2NaCl

2HCl

H2SiO 3

H2SiO3

nH2SiO3

(SiO 2)n

+

nH2O

Trong

.

n

7


-

-16,...
g 20100 Å

1000 m2/g).



h

-1, L3,...

8


–

1.3.4.

–

–

[10]



1.3.4.1

[11]

9