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VIEN KH&CN VIET NAM
HOI
BIA LY VIET NAM
MOT SO GIAI PHAP
MIAM
NANG CAO
HIEU
QUA
PH.VT TRIEN DL LICH TINH NGHE AN
Nguyen Thi
Hoiii'
SUMi\L\RY
The paper describes the current development state of tourism in Nghe
in
province, namely on Ihe following topics: the number of traveller, receipts, infrastructure
and labour force. It also deals with some unsolvable problems and their main causes.
And from those, it suggests some positions and ways to increase effect in devlopment of
Nghe An tourism.
I. DAT
V.\N
DE.
Nghe An dugc ban be trong
nude va
qudc te biet den bdi day la que huong
ciia
danh nhan
van
boa the gidi - Anb biing giai phdng
dan

tinh, gdp
phan
giai quyet cdng
an
viec lam,
nang
cao chat
lugng cugc sdng cho ngudi dan,
qining ba
rdng rai hinh anh mdt Nghe An nhieu
canh
dep va
giau
ldng men khach. Tuy nhien, thuc trang phat trien
ciia
nganh du lich van
chua tuong xirng vdi tiem nang du ljch phong
pbii ciia
tinb.
n. THUC TRANG PHAT TRIEN DU
LICH
VA
NHCTNG
VAN DE
D.4T
RA.
ILL Thuc trang phat trien
Vdi nhieu tai nguyen du ljch hap dan, su phuc vu nhiet tinh, chu
dao,
du ljch

khach du ljch quoc tl trong
ting
so khach mac
dii
da dugc
cai
thien nhung chua dang kl va van cdn d nuic thap (nam 2000: 3%,
nam
2007: 3,5%),
Rieng
nam
2003,
2004, sd lugng khach du ljch quoc te cd
giam
do
anh
huong cua djch
Sars.
Day
ciing la tinb trang chung
ciia
du ljch ca
nude,
Du khach qudc te den Nghe An
Khoa
Did
ly - Dgi hoc linh
Hdi nghi Khoa hgc Dia ly Todn qud'c lan th&S - Hd Ndi, 2010
259
VIEN DIA LY

sd lugng khacb,.daanh thu
duljcb
ciing tang va tang d
mirc cao. ddng gdp ngay cang nhieu cho
ngan
sach
ciia
tinh. Neu nhu nam 2000, doanh
thu du ljch mdi chi dat 135,3 ti ddng. ddng gdp vao ngan sach cua tinh 6,9 ti ddng
(chiem 5% trong tdng doanh thu du ljch
va
1,3% tdng thu ngan sach cua tinh) thi den
nam 2007 da dat cac con sd tuong
iing:
575,7 ti ddng doanh thu va 50,7 ti ddng nop
ngan sach (chiem 8,8% tdng doanh thu
va
2,7% tong thu ngan sach).
Toe
do gia tang
doanh thu du ljch giai doan nay dat
23,6%/nani.
Bdng 1: Sd luang khdch
vd
doanh thu du lich
Nghe
An giai dogn 2000 -
2007
Nam
So lugng khach

15,7
191,9
11,5
2004
1046,3
1019,9
26,4
266,8
21,3
2005
1400,8
1359,9
40,9
385,4
30,9
2006
1603,2
1556,1
47,2
385,4
38,0
2007
2019,6
1949,9
69,7
575,7
50,7
Ngudn
[2,4]
Trong

cac ca sd luu
trii deu khang trang, tien nghi day du. Ti le phdng dat tieu chuan quoc tl tang tir
11,6%
(nam 2000) len
19,9%
(nam 2007). Nhilu khu, dilm du lich da cd he thdng ha tang tdt
de phuc vu khach du Ijch: dudng vao
cac
dilm du ljch trong vudn qudc gia
Pii
Mat,
dudng vao hang Bua, Tham dm, dudng noi khu du ljch Ben Thuy -
Niii
Quylt vdi khu
vui chai giai tri Hd Cira Nam Ca sd ba ting d cac khu du ljch: Cira Ld, Diln Chau,
Quynh Luu
ngay
cang tdt ban. He thdng giao thdng den cac diem di tich ljch su tai
Nam Dan da co'
ban hoan
thanh.,,
Su phat trien
ciia
nganh du ljch da gdp phan tich cue trong viec giai quylt cdng
an
viec lam va
cai
thien ddi sdng cho
nhan dan
trong tinh. Nam 2007,

sd phong dat
lieu
chuin
quoc te
"CSng^suat
sir dung
jTlioniz
(%)
Lao dong (ngudi)
2000
96
2470
435
52
2500
2001
121
2650
495
53
2684
2002
148
3115
667
51
2850
2003
196
4689

Nhung van de dat ra va nguyen nhan.
11.2.1.
Nhimg vdn de dgt ra.
Trong
qua
trinh phat trien, ben canh nhting ket qua dat dugc nhu da neu tren, du
ljch Nghe An van cdn tdn tai mdt sd
van
dc can dugc giai quyet, Cu the:
- Toe do tang trudng ve sd lugng khach
va
doanh thu cao nhung ti le khach du
ljch quoc tc cdn thap, djch vu ngheo
nan
(dac biet la djch vu vui choi giai tri), quy mo
trung binh
ciia
co sd luu tni nhd, hieu qua kinh doanh cua phan
Idn cac
ca sd luu tni du
ljch va boat ddng lu'
hanh
thap, cdng
suat
sir dung phdng chi dat tren 50%/nam (rieng
Thj xa Cira Ld chi dat 20 -
25%lr\an\),
so
ngay
luu tru binh quan/khacb ngan.

chua khai thac da bj pha vd canh quan, cdng tac gifr gin trat tu trj an, ve sinh mdi
trirdng tai cac dilm tham quan du ljch chua dugc thuc bien triet de, tinh trang quan
hang dung trai pbep,
ban hang
rong, deo
bam
cheo keo khach, tang gia hang
boa van
cdn dien ra
II.
2.2.
Nguyen nhdn.
Du ljch Nghe An vln cdn ton tai mdt sd van dl neu tren la do mdt so nguyen
nhan ca ban sau:
- Cdng tac quy hoach
cac
khu, dilm du ljch cdn cham va thieu tam nhin xa,
thieu
sir
phoi hgp chat
die
giua cac ban nganh va cac dja phuang trong viec
dau
tu,
khai thac cac khu, dilm du ljch, Cac du an vl du ijch trien khai cham,
- Viec thu hut dau tu ben ngoai va von dau tu tu cd chua du manh de co the
xay
dung ddng bd ca sd vat chat ky thuat
va
ha

- Nhan thirc
ciia
ngudi
lam
cong
tac
du lich ciing nhu nhan
dan
ve
tam
quan
trgng
ciia
nganh du Ijch chua that dly du, viec xay dung thuong hieu chua dugc quan
tam diing muc, djch vu hang boa chua cd san pham dac trung, cdng tac tuyen truyen,
quang ba cdn mang nang tinh binh thiic,
- Cdng tac quy hoach, dao tao ddi ngu lao dgng cho nganh du ljch cdn ban che,
chua cd ca che, chinh sach thoa
dang
de
hap dan
nhirng ngudi cd nang luc thuc su,
ngudi tai phuc vu cho nganh,
- Thdi tiet khac nghiet: bao lut, gid Phan Tay Nam,,, anh hudng khdng tdt
din
boat dgng
san xuat va
ddi sdng ndi chung, boat dgng du ljch ndi rieng: anh hudng
din
thdi gian ddn khach,

gin
du
ljch ven bien Nghe An vdi mang ludi du ljch
ca
tinh, vung
BIC
Miln Trung va ca
nude;
Cu the, phat trien khdng gian du lich cua tinh tap trung theo nam hudng chinh nhu sau:
+ Hudng thu
nhit:
du ljch ven biln. Day la hudng du ljch chinh bira hen hieu qua
kmh te - xa hdi cao tren ca sd khai thac
tbi
manh
la
tai nguyen biln, dao va he sinh thai
ven bd thudc cac huyen Nghi Lgc, Cira Ld, Diln Chau, Quynh Luu. Xay dung trung
tam du hch Cua Ld, Khu du ljch Bai Lir; Xay dung dao Ngu thanh Dao du lich biln du
hch smh
thai
cao cap de ciing vdi
Cira
Ld tao dung thanh Khu du lich Cira Ld - Dao
Ngu
CO
thuang hieu tren thj trudng trong
va
ngoai
nude.

nguyen du Ijch
tir
nhien
va
nhan
van
vdi cac dilm tieu
bilu'
rirng nguyen
snih Pii
Hudng,
Pii^
Hoat, hang Bua, thac Xao Va, lang Thai
toe
nguyen gdc, di chi
La
Vac,
di
chi
Tham
Om,.,
^
+ Hudng thu tu: tir Vinh theo qudc
Id
15A, dudng Hd Chi Minh tdi
cac
huven
Nam Dan, Dd Luong,
Tan
Ky, NghTa

Quyet - Ben Thiiy, cum du ljch
Tay
Nam, cum du ljch phia Bac).
-
Kit
hgp khai thac thj trudng du ljch trong
nude
vdi thj trudng ngoai
nude.
- Md rdng nhieu binh tbirc, san pham du ljch nhu: du ljch lu hanh, du ljch
van
boa
(tham quan, banh huong, hoai niem, nghien ciru), du ljch nghi mat tam bien, vui chai,
giai tri,
thi
thao tren bicn, tren mii,
cau
ca,
lan bien, nghien ciiu bien, tham quan chiia,
di tich quan su va cac
san
pham dac
tbii,
du ljch dudng benh, le hdi, du ljch sinh thai
vdi
chit
lugng cao nham thu
hiit ngay
cang nhieu
va

di tich ljch su van
boa,
cac
le hdi truyen thdng,
canh
quan
mdi tru'dng.
- Phat triln du ljch phai bao
dam
giu gin mdi trudng cho dao; cdng trinh kien tnic
xay dung phai hai hda vdi mdi trudng tu nhien, ban che thap nhat viec san lap, chat pha
cay xanh;
giu'
lai cac di tich
quan sir
tren
dao;
bao
ve va phat trien ngudn tai nguyen tu
nhien, dac biet la be sinh thai rung va bien; gan vdi qudc phdng, an ninh.
IV. MOT SO GIAI PHAP PHAT TRIEN DU LICH DEN 2020
IV.l.
Giai phap ve von dau tw
Vdn
la
mdt trong nhung
nhan
td quan trgng
hangdau dam bao
cho viec khai

khac; Thuc hien cbl do cdng khai, minh bach hda, dn djnh chinh sach
thu hilt
diu
tu nhlm tao long tin doi vdi cac nha
diu
tu; Cai
each
thu
tue
hanh chinh,
lam tdt cdng tac giai phdng mat
bing;
Dam bao cung
cap
djch vu ha tang, lao dgng theo
yeu clu cho nha
diu
tu.
-
Day
manh ban nua cdng
tac quang
ba, gidi thieu
cac
tiem nang, the manh cua
Nghe An, dac biet la vimg biln va ven biln;
Xay
dung va ban hanh danh muc
cac
du

tu ca sd
ha
ting
du lich, Cd ca cbl quan ly tdt dl
hu>
ddng tdi da ngudn vdn tir quy dat cho phat
triln ha
ting;
Tap trung vdn
diu
tu tir ngan sach cho cac cdng trinh ca sd ha tang du hch
trgng dilm, mang tinh
gin kit
cao giiia
cac
vimg, khdng cd kha nang thu
hdi
von.
IV. 2. Phat trien nguon nhan luc
Hien nav, nhan
lire
cho
nIn
kinh tl cua tinb ndi chung, nhan luc cho nganh du
ljch ndi rieng dang trd thanh vln dl quan tam hang
diu,
la yeu td
dam
bao cho mpi
thanh cdng.

cao trinh do chuyen mdn, nghiep vu cho ddi ngu
can
bd, cdng chuc;
Chii
trgng phat triln va cd chinh sach hd trg dao tao nghe, nhat la ddi
vdi lao ddng vimg ndng thdn chuyen sang phat trien du ljch.
- Cd chinh
sach hip din
dl khuyin khich ddi ngu lao ddng cd chuyen mdn,
nghiep vu gidi; Thu
hiit
cac chuyen gia, lao ddng trinh do cao tir ben ngoai vao nhung
Imh
vuc uu tien
ma
luc lugng tai chd cdn thieu.
-
Chii
trgng viec dao tao
nang
cao
dan
tri,
gin
vdi y
thu'c
bao ve tai nguyen va
mdi trudng du ljch, tao thuong hieu cho du Ijch Nghe An.
IV.3.
Phat trien khoa hoc - cong nghe (KHCN)

nguyen du Ijch, dac biet la d
nhOng
khu vuc giap ranh.
- Tang cudng hgp tac vdi
cac
ddi tac trong
va
ngoai
nude
bang nhieu binh thirc
khac nhau de thu hut nhieu hon nua vdn dau tu vao
ITnh
vuc du ljch,
xay
dung
cac
tuyen, diem du ljch nham thu but
ngay
cang nhieu du khach.
IV.5.
Tang cudng khao sat, danh gia tai nguyen, moi truo'ng cac diem du lich.
Nghe An dugc
danh
gia la mdt trong nhung tinb cd tai nguyen du ljch phong
pbii
va
hap
dan.
Tuy nhien, thuc te khai
thac

sat,
danh gia de dua vao khai
thac la
rit
can thilt, de cd the da dang
hoa san
pham du lich, diem du ljch, tao ra su
kit
ndi chat che giiia
cac tuyen
diem du ljch. Tir dd, tao ra su thu
hiit
va cd the keo dai
them thdi gian luu lai ddi vdi du khach. Tuy nhien, khdng phai khai thac du Ijch
bing
mgi gia ma phai khao sat, danh gia dat trong mdi quan he vdi phat trien kinh te - xa hdi
chung. Quan trgng ban la phai danh gia dugc
tac
ddng
ciia
boat ddng du ljch nlu nai dd
dugc dua
vao
khai thac ddi vdi mdi trudng tu nhien ciing nhu
xa
bdi.
Tii'
dd chuan bj
cac phuang
an

5.
Sd Du Ijch Nghe An. Chuong
Pinhphdt
trien du lich Nghe An giai dogn 2006 -
2010.
Hdi nghi Klioa hgc Dia ly Todn qud'c la'n th&S- Hd Ndi, 2010
265