NG6N
NGtr
so
1 2011
GIA THUYET VE QUAN HE
VAN HOA - GIAO TIEP
GS.TS
NGUYfiN
QUANG
1.
C&
nhan, nh6m
xS
hpi,
tieu vin
hoi
vk
vkn hoi
Khi tien hanh nghien cuu cac bmh dipn phgm tru trong giao tilp giao vdn
hod, chung tdi ludn y thftc dugc rdng do la
nhung
binh dipn phgm tru rat nhu
hogt va tinh tl. Chung phy thugc rit nhilu vao cac an tang vdn hoa nhu gid
trj,
quan
niem,
ditc
tin, edm kj
cung nhu cac thanh td giao tilp nhu
cdc
thong

va tieu chien
luge
giong nhau do
diu
chia
se cac phd nipm dd la mgt
each
nhin nhgn chua thoa dang. Nd lam "xa cftng"
va "danh ddng" cac ddi
tu(7ng
dugc xet. Song, nlu ta lgi thdi qud ma cho rdng
con ngudi sinh ra von la nhumg ca nhan dan le, khdc bipt vdi nhimg ca nhan
khdc,
cho nen vipc tim kiem nhimg
d$c
diem hanh vi ndi chimg vd hdnh vi
giao tilp ndi rieng dl nhgn dipn cdc nhdm xd hgi, cac tilu vdn hoa, va cac nen
vdn hod la khdng taong thi dd ciing lgi la mgt cdch nhin nhgn can dugc xem
xet
lgi.
Con ngudi sinh ra von tien thien mang tu
each
kep
(double
status):
vfta
mang tu
each
ca nhan, vfta mang tu
each

20
Ngon ngiif
so
1 ndm 2011
TvUcfa
TV£*th
lUnh -vtia
Tveicbi
ci
ab&B
Tatieh U nhin
CACCANHAN
Tir etch ci nhin
K':vji"'-'-_
Nbtim
xS
m
A
Nb6m
Ii
hOi
C
Nh«m
xl
bOi
B
jKmilmmk
CACNHdMXAHOl
TUavinholA
Titu

dipn phgm tru, ta chi cd
thi
vd chi nen tun ra nhirng
d^c
diem phd qudt, nhirng khudn mau giao tilp (ca ngdn tft va phi ngdn tft) phd
dyng, diln hinh cua cdc nhdm xd hgi, cac tilu vdn hod vd cac
nin
vdn hoa md
thdi.
Ndi cdch khdc,
nhitng
kit
qud
md
ehiing
ta ed
dugre thdng qua
cdc
cdng
trinh nghien
citu
(ed
djnh
lugmg
vd djnh
tinh),
vdi bdt eu
tdm
mite
ndo,

communication),
chftng ta rit cd kha ndng sg di
din
nhQng
kit
lugn, nhirng phan djnh, nhumg nhgn xet sai
Ipch
ve hdnh vi
giao tilp cfta nhimg ngudi
din
tft (cac)
nin
vdn hoa khac. Mpt hanh vi phan
hdi ngdn tft boa
(verbalised response)
cd the dugc mong
dcpd
va dugc nhin nhgn
Id
mgt hdnh vi ljch sy
ft-ong
mpt
nin
vdn hod ndy, nhung nd rit cd
thi
lgi la
22
Ngon ngiif so 1 nam 2011
mgt hdnh vi khdng dugc mong
dc^i

tv cich
k^p
vk cic
binh difn ph^m
trii
Chung tdi cho rdng con ngudi
(human
being),
khi sinh ra, von tien thien
mang theo bdn chat kep (double nature) cua minh; cd nghia la con ngudi vua
Id
sinh thi xa hgi
(social
being),
vfta la sinh the
cd
y
thirc (conscious
being).
I
SINH
THfi XA
HOI
V(5i bdn chit
Id
sinh the xd hgi, vd ciing nhu cdc loai vgt cd chung ban
chat
(lodi
ong,
lodi

vai khdc nhau nhu "Cha mp - Con
Gia thuyet 23
tie",
"Ngudi ldn - Ngudi ldn" Thi
dy:
Giao tilp ngi nhan giua ylu to "Cha
mp"
vd "Con ti'e":
Khi di dgo ben ho, Quang - mgt gido vien dgi hgc tre - nhin thay mgt cd
gdi dang thd bg phia trudc, mdi tdc budng lai, than hinh thon thd, dang
dipu
khoan
thai.
Anh ta (ylu to "Con
ft-g")
ty nhft:
-
Chd,
cd be cd thdn
hinh
hdp ddn qud nhi? Mnh thit vugt ten
liec
xem
CO
be
xinh
den
muc ndo mdi
duQc.
Nhtmg mgt gigng ndi trong anh ta (ylu to "Cha mp") chgt vang len:

mmh.
Ndi
cdch
khdc,
ban chat
y
thuc
bdt bugc con ngudi phdi tu
duy
(thinking).
SINH
TH^
C6
tTHtrc
i
••••••••
TUDUY
^
Trong qud trinh tuang tdc (tucmg tdc ngi nhdn, tucmg tdc lien nhan, tucmg
tdc nhdm, tuang tdc xd hgi ) vd tu duy (tri nhgn, so sdnh, ddi chieu ), con
24
Ngdn ngiif
so
1
ndm
2011
ngudi nhdn dipn dugc chuih ban tiian mmh
va
nhimg ngudi khdc;
cd

cd
mpt diem chung: Hp ddng thdi vua
Id
nhirng
ca
nhan khu
biet (anh
A
khdc
vcii
chi
B,
6ng C.)
vfta
la
nhiing thanh vien
hda
dong
(ciia
gia dinh,
ldp
hpc,
ca
quan,
cau
lgc bg ).
Ndi
cdch khac,
hp deu cd
chung

\
Y
\
THA.\H\!r\
TLC Cli
CANilAX
TLCACH
T11A\HVIEN
Gia
thuyet.
25
Chinh sy qudn binh giua hai tu
each
ndy hay sy nhan manh vao mgt trong
hai tu cdch dd cua sd ddng ftong mgt cpng ddng ngdn ngu - vdn hod da
gc^i
cho
chftng tdi y
tuc!mg
dua ra cac binh dipn phgm trft (categorrical dimensions)
trong nghien cftu giao tiep npi vdn hod vd giao vdn hod. Dd la:
Tir CACH
CA
NHAN
<#
i2>
!f1T
'I'
!'!"'!'!;|'n'!";!.n!l|'||
niLiMnllijIiLmilliiJl

i
i£USl^
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nr
!||:j|||l||J;j:j:ip|!:
<^
KHANG
OINH
MiNH
<Cu]:
sti5ffi»>*^
• rl
Bi
imp^
>
CHU
QUAN
TINH
DUYCAM
PHI
qvY THtrc
HUCiNG
NGOAI
TONTI
IStG^NRUdM
ftjlj
llllk
o
'B^NO::
;:••',:

C^
th^nh
vien
Tu cdch
c&
nlian
«#•
Thi6n
\e
cSnhan
Cbu
c^h
ihap
Lich
su
am
tinh
Khich quan
tinh;
DUY
:
QoythiH
Ij ilm)ng nOi
Kabdlag
a
Ng6n
ki^
CMtb^
True
hep

tinh
Duy cam
Phi
quy
Ihon;
Hu<!nig
ngogi
T6nti
Ngdn rudm
Trim
twgng
Gi4n
ti^
E>^
PWcWnbx4<j
Hajninh
n
VlaiitB
Ritr6(til71«eol00H) l5£3 Rij ra (loll <j4r 100*-4)
n R6(ti46 iniWi) •
Ri
I*
46
dio 70%)
~ KMiurtllnteliaiilJSj
l-i
KMo|
i« lio (m 11 dfc 2«4)
'"' KMoj la (Im din I0«)
EMggi^OtediolOS)

trii
giao tiep
' ''1
'l'.'^
"'
c)
Tdng ngdn ngii giao
tiip ,
,
•.!
^JU'
W
.') -
V."
V
Vi,:^
ii\:
• '
;
d) Tdng hdnh dgng giao
tiep
.,
Cd thi
hinh dung
cdc
tang nay nhu bon mdt cdt cua mgt hinh pheu vd dugc
phan bo nhu sau:
*Tang
1 - Thdnh to giao tiep: Tang nay
chju

Quyen luc
cua
chii the
giao
tiep
ddi vdi ddi
the
giao tiep (Addressor's
power over addressee - Po)
' ' ' ,. : ;
5)
Trgng thdi tdm
li
eiia cdc ddi tde khi giao tiep
(Participants' mood when
commimicating
- Mo)
6) Khi
chdt eiia
ede ddi tde
giao
tiep (Participants' temperament - Te)
7)
Tinh cdm ciia
ede ddi
tde
giao tiep (Participants' feelings - Fe)
8)
Thdi
dg

giao tiep (Time availability -
TA)
* Tang 2 - Binh dipn
ph^m
tru: Tdng nay ndm tren tang "Thanh td giao
tilp" vd chju tac dgng gidn
tiep
ciia
cac an tdng vdn hod (gid
trj,
quan nipm,
due
28 Ngdn ngiif
so
1
nam201j_
tin, ) tiidng qua tang "Thdnh to giao tilp". Nd bao gdm cdc
buih
dipn pham
tru cu the sau:
1) Chu quan tinh - Khdch quan tinh (Subjectivity vs. Objectivity: Su-Ob)
2) True tiip - Gidn tiip (Direcmess vs.
Indirectiiess:
Di-In)
3) Chinh xdc - Phi chinh xdc (Accuracy vs. Inaccuracy:
Ac-In)
4) Dgng -
Tinh
(Dynamicality vs. Staticality: Dy-St)
5) Hg minh - Khdng dinh minh (Self-abasement vs. Self-assertion: SAb -

1)
A^p;
«^d«
(Intralanguage
-
Intra.Iang)
2) Can ngdn (Paralanguage - Para.lang)
3) Ngogi ngdn (Extralanguage -
Extra.Iang)
'
*• ''''•'•
3.1)
Ngdn ngir thdn the (Body language - BL)
3.2) Ngdn
ngii
vgt the (Object language - OL)
3.3) Ngdn ngii mdi trucmg (Environmental language - EL)
*Tang
4 - Hdnh dpng giao tiep: Day
Id
tang tren cung vd
Id
ting
ho^t
dpng giao tilp tii\rc tl. Nd chiu tdc
dpn^
gian tilp cua "Ngpn
Ifta
vdn hod"
tiidng qua ting "Binh dipn pharn tiii" vd tang "Thanh to giao tilp". Dong tiidi

iji
I
II6i"
liC'C
,
'^ NhSc
nha
i;ii;,ni;
dini] ,^x.^,.:
(06
nghi
Cinulo™ '"i - _
Khen
,
"'•^''^"g rhjcli
!hi.Yc'
Nhan
xet
^ ^ ^
Xin
loi Wiudiiili ,'l
"• •"
-
^ •
<-''ir'li
ha"
.
ijij
1^,,;.
• .,.,

Qu:\n
niem
,
I
IN
r^;;
— '
Due lin
Ton ailio
i
:
i;n:i
M.;.
ii~;i;,:
I
N;'i;\eii
v)n;ui!>|
"
4.
Tinh dpng ciia quan hp vdn hoa
-
giao tiep
Xin dugc ltm
y
rdng quan hp gifta giao tiep va vdn hod
la
quan hp "dpng".
Khai nipm "dgng"
d
day dugc hieu nhu sau:

(He/She
looks
cute),
ngudi Vipt, nhin chung,
1^
cd xu
hirdng
vipn
din
hai chien
luge
sau:
a) Sft dyng nhuan ngft tiln md boa - nghi le hod (pre - coded ritualised
gambit):
- Trgm via, chdu tdi trdng xinh qud.
h) Sft dyng cdch ndi ngugc:
- Chdu tdi trdng de ghet chua kia.
0
day, ta cd till quan sat thay rdng yeu to ngi ngdn tieu cyc "de ghet"
thudng dugc den bft bdng cac yeu td
c$n
ngdn, ngoai ngdn tich cyc nhu: khdng
don ttpng am vdo yeu td npi ngdn dd, keo dai am tiet "chua
"
ttong dau hipu
tft vyng - tinh thai "chua kia
",
mdt nheo
l^i,
dnh mdt triu men, dua ra cac cft

minh
Id
[con chd may mdn])
2) Cac ting cua md hinh tten eung ludn quay quanh mgt ti^c vd hinh vdi
cac tdc dp khac nhau; va do vay, ta
sg
de dang tiiay rdng mgt hanh dgng giao
tiep cy
die (tiii
dy, hanh dpng khuyen vd tilp nhan ldi khuyen) cd till dugc tiiyc
hipn khdc nhau (bdng "ngdn ngft" ngdn
tiJr
hay "ngdn ngft" phi ngdn tii, hay
ket hgp cd hai? vdi cac ylu td can ngdn dugc till hipn
thi
ndo?) do chju cac
tac dpng khac nhau cfta cac tiianh td giao tilp khac nhau (quan
he
chu thi -
ddi the, quyen luc cua
ehii
the ddi vdi ddi the, tinh cdm cdn thi hien. ) cfta
cac bmh dipn pham tru khac nhau (chit quan tinh - khdch quan tinh,
true
tiip
gidn tiep, ljch su dm tinh - lich su duang tinh ) vd, cot goc, cfta cac in tdng
van hod khac nhau (dice tin, cdm ki, phong cdch giao
dip ).
Gia thuyet., 31
3) Cdc yeu td cau thdnh cfta md hinh ndy, bao gdm cac an tdng vdn hod va

the ngdn ngft - vdn hod
khdc,
d$c
bipt la (cdc) thyc
thi
ngdn
ngft - vdn hod md chiing cd cudng dp tiep xftc manh
vaJ ho^c
bj chi phoi hay
dp
d$t
nhilu.
Th^
chi, trong nhftng tinh huong nhit djnh, ddc bipt la ttong
giao tiep giao vdn hod, ting qui chieu 4 ("Tang boat dpng giao tiep thyc te")
nhieu khi
I^
chju tdc dpng manh rag, vd ddi khi mang tinh quylt djnh, bdi cdc
tang qui chieu thap han va/ hodc bdi cac an tang vdn hod cua mgt (hay ban
mpt) thyc the ngdn ngft - van hod
khac.
Trudng hgp nay thudng xay ra d nhftng
ngudi cd trinh dg
ngo^i
ngft rat cao, da cd nhieu ndm sinh sdng
vaJ hojc
tiep
xuc
trye
tiep vdi mgt (hay ban mgt) thyc the ngdn ngft - vdn boa khac. So do

v$y
nfta, trft phi ngudi phy nu
dd cd cdc vi cft chi (micro - gestures),
ho^c
vd tinh hodc hftu y, the hipn cac
bieu hipn dd.
b) Cac binh dipn pham trft: Theo truyen thdng, khi mudn hdi ngudi khac
mgt dieu gi mang tinh rieng tu nhdm the hipn sy quan tam cua minh, vdi it
nhieu ttang ttgng, ngudi Vipt thudng cd thdi quen hdi gidn tiep (theo
each
hieu
"gian tiep" cfta Fasold,
1990)
vdi
each
dgn dudng bdng mgt khdi ngft, thi dy:
- Tdi hdi khi khdng phai, dng bd sinh hg
dugtc
mdy cd cdu a?
Nhung ngdy nay, chien
luge
nay chi cdn dugc sft dyng bdi nhumg ngudi
gia ca md phan nhieu la cac cy d Hd Npi. Vdi nhftng ngudi khdc, lyc ngft dyng
the hipn tinh ttang ttgng vd
l}ch
sy cfta khdi ngft tten tiiudng dugc chuyln tdi
bang nhd hipu (politeness marker) "da":
- Da, hai bdc (sinh)
dugfc
mdy anh chi g?

nh^ln
mgt cdch thy dgng va dugc xd hgi nhin
nh|n
mgt cdch
tich
cyc.
^i'^"
d) Cdc ngdn ngft giao tilp: Ban than vipc sft dyng cac ngdn ngft giao tiep
(can ngdn, ngi ngdn, ngoai ngdn), vdi cdc
lilu
lugng vd
each
thftc bieu hipn
cua chung, cung thay ddi theo thdi gian. Nlu nhu trudc day, ttong rat nhieu
gia dinh d Hd Ngi, khi khach
din
thdm nhd, ngudi vg thudng pha vd dua ttd
ra phdng khdch,
ciii
diu
chdo,
ndi nhd
nhp:
"Dg,
bdc qua ehai
a",
sau dd,
"A7«
phep bde" vd rut ve phdng rieng hay xuong nha dudi thi hipn nay, theo quan
sat ca nhan, phy nft Hd Npi td ra "khdng

(D^),
chf vd ede
chdu
vdn
khoe
chd, anh?
[Hi^n nay] •
.L-V(
d) Cac hdnh dgng giao
tiep:
Cd the ndi rdng, theo thdi gian, cac hdnh dgng
;;
giao tiep ciing thay ddi mpt
each
dang ke, khdng chi d chuypn mpt so hanh
dpng giao tiep hinh nhu khdng dugc sft dyng nfta ttong khi mgt sd hanh dgng
giao tiep mdi xuat hipn, hay mpt sd hanh dgng giao tiep dugc sft dyng vdi tin
sudt thap dan ttong khi mgt sd hdnh dgng giao tiep khdc
I^i
dugc vipn tdi vdi
lilu
lugng tdng Ien, md cdn d thyc tl
Id each
thftc vd cdc chiln
luge
dugc vipn
dan cfta cdc hdnh dgng giao tilp dd, d cac mftc dg khdc nhau, ciing thay ddi.
Dieu nay ciing hodn todn de hieu, bdi todn bg cdc an tang vdn
hod:
gid

B.
Dg,
du day
eiing Id
cdi hdng phuc
ciia
td tien
cting Id
cdi tu nhan tich
dftc
ciia chdu
md
thdnh
day g.
Td ra phft hgp, bdi gia trj cua "vdn hay chft tdt", cua "cam - ki - thi -
ho^"
dugc quy
kit
la tich cyc vd do
v|y,
phdt ngdn phdn hoi ciing Id tich
eye.
Song, ngdy nay, d cdc do thj ldn, ttong kieu xd hgi chuyen ddi it nhieu mang
tinh "Thuang - Cdng - Ndng - SF', ta
l^i
de dang chftng kiln cdc hdnh dpng
giao tilp kilu nhu:
34 Ngon
ngfif
so 1 ndm

cdi con
Huang
nd cung thdo
vdt; con cdi
chiing nd
lgi
ciing nhanh
nhen,
thdo vdt nhu
me
no.
A.
Vdng,
tdi
ciing mong sao chiing nd khdng
'dyt' nhu
cdi thdng
bd
chiing
nd.
•'' '•' -'•"••'••
Sau tit ca nhumg minh hoa vfta neu, dilu cdn
luu
y d day Id cdc minh
ho?
ndy chi Id
kit
qua cua kinh nghipm vd quan sdt cd nhan, vd do vay, chi mang
tinh gid tiiuylt.
DI

till, vdi cdc mftc dg khdc nhau. Vd mgt tdc dgng
t^o
ra mgt sy tiiay doi cd till
do ban mpt yeu
to,
ho^c
ngi tai
ho^c
ngo^
t^,
t^o
thanh. Vdi li do tten, chung
tdi cho
ring
cdc minh boa gan ghep cho cdc ting qui chieu vfta neu cung chi
mang tinh tucmg doi ma thdi.
vl ca
ban,
khi
d^t
trgng tam vao nghien cftu dyng hgc giao vdn hod
(cross
-
cultural
pragmatics),
ta chft yeu
t$p
trung vdo cdc khia
c?nh
cua giao tiep ngdn

(pitch),
tdc dg
(rate),
cfta
cdc yeu td
xen ngdn thanh
(vocal
interferences) ,
va cfta ngdn ngft than the
(body language)
nhu nhdn giao (eye -
contact),
dipn
hipn
(facial
expressions),
tu
thi
(postures),
cft chi
(gestures)
ttong
cac hdnh
dpng,
sy kipn vd
tinh
hudng
giao tilp cfta
hai thyc
tiie

mgt
m^t
thay rd dugc cau
true
cua nd,
m§t
khdc de ddng sft dyng nd vdi tu
each
Id mgt bg khung
(framework)
nghien cuu, va tft dd, nhin ra moi quan hp
cua vd sy tuang tdc giua vdn hod vd giao tiep?
Dya
vdo
md hinh "Quan
hp
vdn hod - giao tilp", chung tdi quan nipm rdng
chile
cau noi ndy dugc cau trftc bdi hai ting qui chilu: "Cac binh dipn
phgm
tru" vd "Cac thanh to giao tilp". Cdc binh dipn
phgm
trft ndy, tuy tftng trudng
hgp cy
thi,
cd the cd cdc mftc dg "chong Ian" khac nhau; vd do vgy, bilu hipn
cua mgt hdnh dgng Idi ndi/ giao tilp cy the cd
thi
dugc giai thich dudi anh sang
cfta nhilu hom mgt binh dipn phgm trft. Chung tdi ggi hipn tugng ndy Id

thodt Nhung
do
lgi
Id
mgt
thanh
nien,
bdc
g.
(Ndm
lay
tay ngudi phy nft) Nhung thua
bdc,
chung chdu vdn chua
nhgn dugrc
thdng
bdo
chinh
thitc.
Bdc
chdu
minh cit
cd
dgd,
bdc a.
Thdng bao tten, tuy dg nhan vd phgm vi nghien cftu md cd the dugc xem
xet theo cdc binh dipn phgm trft
"Trye
tiep - Gidn tiep" vd/
ho^c

dgi ^ so
cac trudng hgp, deu do nhieu
hem
mgt thdnh to giao tilp qui djnh. Chung tdi ggi hipn tugng nay
Id "sy
dong
tic"
(co -
action).
Thi dy: A ndi vdi B:
-
Thdng ndy tao
"rdch
"
qua.
Cho tao
"gigt"
I
ve,
thdng
sau tao "non "
lgi.
Phdt ngdn tten giup ta it nhilu dodn djnh dugc cdc thanh td giao tiep sau:
'•'
Thdng so cua chu
thi
giao tilp: Cd the cdn
tucmg ddi
tre;
cd nhieu

thdi diim phdt
ngdn ciia chii
the giao tiep
dugrc
dua ra).
* Quan hp gifta chu till giao tilp vd doi
thi
giao tilp: It nhdt
Id quen
biit.
* Quyen
lyc
cua chu
thi
giao tilp doi vdi doi
thi
giao tilp: It
nhieu mang
tinh ddng
nien,
ddng
quyen (age
and power equals)
* Tinh cam can bilu hipn cfta chu the giao tilp:
Trung
tinh.
* Thdi dp cin bilu hipn cfta chft the giao
tiep:
Trung
tinh.

m$t
khac, giftp ta nhgn
dipn dugc cdc ylu to tdc dgng
din
vipc
lya
chpn cdc chiln
luge
va cdch thftc
Gia thuyet 37
giao tilp nhdm dgt tdi dich giao tilp de ra, vd
m$t
khac nua, giftp ta nhin ra
nhiing anh hudng mgnh mg cua vdn hod ttong hdnh vi giao tiep ndi chtmg vd
cac hdnh dgng giao tilp ddc
tiiu
ndi
rieng.
Vdi tam quan ttgng Idn
lao
vd khdng
the choi bd dd, chung tdi cho rdng ta can phdi xem
x^t
moi tucmg
lien
gifta hai
ting "Binh dipn pham tiu" vd "Thanh to giao tilp" khi nghien cftu vl giao tilp
ngi vdn hod vd giao vdn
hod.
Chung tdi dd thiet kl mgt "Bang qui xet giao tiep

B.
Ld cdi
chdc.
'May rau
nhdn
nhui,
do qudn
bdnh
bao'
the
ndy ca
md
Ta can xem xet va phan tich cac bilu hipn thugc cd hai ting quy chieu:
* Ting cdc binh dipn phgm tim:
+ Binh dipn phgm tru
"Trye
tilp - Gian tilp":
Kit
hgp ca
trye
tilp vd
gian tilp:
-
Trye
tiep:
Dien
the\
- Gidn tilp phi
ude
Ip (gian tilp ngft

ngudi khdc
danh
cho
nunh:
Ld
cdi
chdc.
* Tang cdc thdnh to giao
tilp:
Cac thanh to giao tilp sau ddy cd khd ndng
tham gia vao vipc sft dyng cac chien
luge
cua cdc binh dipn phgm trft tten:
+ Quan hp gifta chu
thi
giao tilp (CTGT) vd doi
thi
giao tiep (DTGT):
Thdn
thiit hodc thdn quen.
-t-
Quyen lyc cfta CTGT doi vdi DTGT: Ddng
nien,
ddng quyen vd
(cd
nhiiu khd
ndng) ddng
gidi.
38 Ngon ngiif
so

ngdn tit vdphi
ngdn tit.
+ Ngi dung giao tilp: Cd
CTGT va DTGT eiing quan tdm (hogc
CTGT to
ra
Id
nhu
the
vd mudn ddi the
nghi Id
nhu thi).
Nhipm vy dgt ra cho vipc nghien cuu cdc hogt dgng giao tilp cy
thi
ttong
hai thyc the vdn hod - giao tiep (giao tilp giao vdn hod) td ra phftc tgp hon. Nd
khdng don gian chi
Id
vipc tim ra dugc nhiing anh hudng vd tac dgng cua cdc
an tang vdn hod Ien cdc hogt dgng giao tilp thdng qua nhirng anh hudng va
tdc dgng vua mang tinh phan ting, vua mang tinh tucmg tdc cua cdc binh dipn
phgm tru va cac thdnh td giao tiep md cdn Id vipc tim ra dugc
nhung
tuang
ddng va dj bipt md, theo kinh nghipm nghien cftu cua chung tdi, chu yeu xuat
hipn d cac diem qui chieu "Tinh
lilu
lugng"
(Proportionality)
va "Tinh bieu

Quang,
Giao tiep va giao tilp giao vdn hod, Nxb
DHQG,
H,
2002.
4.
Nguyen
Quang,
Mgt sd van de giao tiep ngi vdn hod va giao vdn hod,
Nxb
DHQG,
H, 2004.
5.
Nguyen
Quang,
Giao
tiep
phi ngdn tu qua cac
nin
vdn
hod,
Nxb
KHXH,
H, 2008.
6. Nguyen Quang, Lecture - notes on Cross - Cultural
Commimication,
Unpublished.