SỞ GIÁO DỤC ĐÀO TẠO LÂM ĐỒNG
Trường THPT Chuyên Thăng Long – Đà Lạt
TUYỂN TẬP
ĐỀ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI QUỐC GIA
MÔN HÓA HỌC
Biên Soạn: Thầy Nguyễn Thành Anh
Tổ trưởng bộ môn Hóa Học
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:2
*********************************************************************************************************************************
Đà Lạt – Tháng 5/2005
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc Líp 12B¶ng A
Ngµy thi: 2/3/1994
(180 phót, kh«ng kĨ thêi gian giao ®Ị )
!
"#$%&'%%()*+,'-*./)-0!
"1
2
3#1
2
34)5'67)89'':%"
;"<='.>.)5'%?')7':@"
";
2A
B
2A
)5'>)8@C"
D)-EC-F%&')5G%8H'I8C5"
2" J3 @.
""#$\']Q/)F/G^.^)5 0
2
20
2
2%
N
M0
2
M%
N
"
;"/GC()*'B%R./)O_;P')7/))*"
"#$)7/)F/))5')7+)5$"
2"UQ-@-:F'C$))5';8'0!
Nguyên tố
1 # _' `. .
@-: M3a 3b 32 3a 3c 23 23a M3
"#$;8/).$6D))5'I)F@V'C$)R@HI/)"
;" .I))5$"D)%&')5G%8H'$5d)7/)F@V.I)"
M"5G;C('8)7e'CD)f)5'/).@)g')-R'-I1
2
)1
M
)5'f)5G08I/)
2
1
K
"
Câu 4:
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:3
1
K
-T+,'"
M" .i%9')HQ)7)%Ej)^6.='F@V/))5'`"
Cho H = 1, O = 16, Fe = 56
Häc sinh ®ỵc sư dơng b¶ng HTTH c¸c nguyªn tè ho¸ häc.
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc Líp 12
Ngµy thi: 2/3/1995
(180 phót, kh«ng kĨ thêi gian giao ®Ị )
8'`!<@)/)8.\)CD)Q)"
8'!23)5'rr!23)5'rrr!K3)5')"
A. C©u hái lý thut.
C©u I!
"5'%?')7':@(++#1s+'@9.>t"
kTC)5G;C'C$)W-*I-SY'-@.k.)F++#1-T"
;kTC)U0.:)*Q)7Y'-@.k.)F++#1-("
2"(M.-=-03@V.(H@))5'++0!)50u)3II^))39@
0u)3)5-5I)3;5.5"/)-=H)5'.0@/C3D!
o v()++)J.KQ.M3(6D))F)5W'"
o v()++)J.2Q. 3(6D))F6^3)D%)5())$@6D))F-(;S)"
o v()++)J.KQ.a3;-E(6D))F35())$@)G(.='6D))FI/):"
5'@V)5Z'=%'8)7-(QD)%&')5G%8H'"
M"TC-'S)./C)J'@)5'V=%5W'Y@!.5F@3;53@'^s(
QD)-EC-F%&')5G%8H't"
C©u II!
bcjsw 3cK
'[email protected]"TC)5G;Cl;S+'+S)5$s;f/)%t"
2"(Qi)E@3;8-Y'3++QJ-=l;S)5$Q'Y-:)7=%!
"TC)5G;C0&-YF:)'-*)U:0U@-:Cs(QoGt"D)%&')5G
%8H'I8C5)5$-:U"
;"7)Z')U:0U@-:D;D)!rw3a`@%^L.>%@(-:)7 @
2
3;
+C3 m@@L6.='5$'F-Y'.c3cb'k@
M
L:0/)0U-:%C-)cj"
C©u IV!
TCQD)%&')5G%8H'I8C5R@V)5Z'=%0-C!
" D
2
1
K
)^%&'%%)5!I1
2
;P'#1
2
)5'++>s()g';P'
^.^)5t"
2" D@)/))5')%EF$.:)$.x;P'674
2
-i@f
@5Wh#1
M
Bh.1
K
Q )@L)5';G0%8H'(++"
#D'('N3NMma'@`)5';G6769'(I)>:)-)7=%3-=/)"
))5'2@..2_-=67pQ++4"
" TC)7Y'-/)Q)5'++3++4"
2" 7%F@V++-(Q$5d'C$%8)%)/%QiC"
M" [67ps-T-=.@69tf'0HHM 3a'@;)1'(')>:)-)7
=%s69'(IF69'67t"8H'I'))-=e'/)O7.='@V
/)-("sD))5'08%l@!/)5W.'C$/)3)7)^'@L/)67C&-)
3 )@L6)70@.-=./C)>e0)Ha0+/%lCt"
K" v())J)Js(6/C-t-DD) bc@.#1 jsw 3 '[email protected]Q++4!
" TC$Q'8)7:)='I8C5"
;" 7.='6D))F)-=s/)L7)/)t"
wNKLwM2L`.w2mL1w NLw "
Ghi chó: ThÝ sinh ®ỵc dïng lo¹i m¸y tÝnh c¸ nh©n bá tói, b¶ng sè logarit
Bé Gi¸o Dơc Vµ §µo T¹o§Ị Thi Qc Gia Chän HäC SINH Giái THPT
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc Líp 12
Ngµy thi: 3/3/1995
(180 phót, kh«ng kĨ thêi gian giao ®Ị )
8'`!<@)/)8.\)CD)Q)
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:5
*********************************************************************************************************************************
8'!2")5'r!2")5')
A. C©u hái lý thut!
C©u I!
" TC0W%ID%=%/))5'+TC0-C)^)H)U)g'+E@H-.-'F'C$)x
)5'(@Hs(Q7+Q%8H'6{@)^t!I)I^)35=^)C.3%^.3>"
2"@-:F)5'
)
2
CH C(CH
3
)
3
#e'-5;C(-Y'%0)50C69'OD)9')H-Y'%-(sD
(t"
6:Q/)-*@)=%/)e&(-Y'%0)50.'GO
2" `I)^.-.-Y'%FI).^"hI@I)^.-;P'h_1
K
)5'
2
1
K
-*W)(@w)(@113)-=I);IC.(@69'
%.
b
c
1
2
s`tQ
b
N
1
K
st
D)9')H/)F`Q3)J-(0C59')H/)FI)^.-"D)%&')5G
M
r/)s
1s1
M
ttQ#r"&F%8H'Q>
2
Z/)
IX)#/)s
M
1s1
M
tt"%8H'Q>++h_1
K
)5'
2
1
K
)) I) M3K
-@^)I;^|(9')HM3Ks
M
1t
2
N
6(sB+}t&;^|^;$.EO
5wcL1w NLw "
Bé Gi¸o Dơc Vµ §µo T¹o§Ị Thi Qc Gia Chän HäC SINH Giái THPT
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc Líp 12
Ngµy thi: 2/3/1996
s c%X)369'6*)Z''-t
C©u I!
"tTC~5-*@0R@V/G^
0!
s t 0
2
20
2%
a
s2t 0
2
20
2
2%
a
M0
2
M%
N
K0
2
M+
2
A
2
1
ˆ ˆ †
‡ ˆ ˆ
2
1
M
s t
2
1
M
ˆ ˆ †
‡ ˆ ˆ
A
A1
M
s2t
1
M
ˆ ˆ †
‡ ˆ ˆ
1t
;t7)-)5';GFf)5G)5
M
1
K
R@V)7':@)5$"0(0U6Q)5S0
-(O
M"P'.;@V67)5'V=%670!
t1
2
)5'V=%1
2
Q1
2
;t1
M
)5'V=%1
M
Q1
2
t1
2
)5'V=%
2
Q1
2
+t.)5'V=%.Q1
2
C©u III!
"J)U':@'Z)I-S-=!6%8H'
w3aKb)@"
TC)7%0/)67#
M
)5';G)5>6%8H's tI8C5)2a
2"_))5'e'%&'%%-D`.
2
1
M
)5'9'':%)58f@)0'-70-C!
- #'#^u^.s#h`.
2
2
1
c
tQ>1
M
)5'.?R 2
- #'@>08%l@))-=++@.@)"
#y`.s1t
K
s
2
1t
2
zLhy`.s1t
1
m
2
k25
MA
L4^
MA
k4^
2A
L.
2
k2.
L_1
K
k_
2A
TC)%&')5G%8H'0sD(t
t h
2
5
2
1
m
A.→O
;t .
2
A4^.
2
M"(0!
2A
L`'
A
L
A
s
M
1
A
tL.
L#1
M
L1
K
2
"
t TC;D)9')H/))B/)7))))"
;t 5'a++3@V++~H@))5'/)R%Est"#D69'+,')$@/)63;P'
()*i5/))5'@V++s('8)7t"
Bé Gi¸o Dơc Vµ §µo T¹o§Ị Thi Qc Gia Chän HäC SINH Giái THPT
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc Líp 12
Ngµy thi: 3/3/1996
s c%X)369'6*)Z''-t
C©u I:
h.
a
1L
N
a
#
2
L1
2
1
2
1L
M
11L
N
K
L
a
N
Q
N
2
1
N
s'.|&t
t ;D)e'/))))3e'/))6†@)5'>O8)7"
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:8
c
1
2
5
2
t%8H'-=Q>++#1('"V=%0%8H')+'Q>++
I)Q9&.T'3)-=s
b
b
1
2
5tQs
b
15t"
1IB-)-=I)%5;5@;^|"
1I)5'-6:)7=%C*)"
J)U:C*)^0&-Y0!
Cl ,as
2
→
o
ddNaOH,t
→
p
30-(I00u5.Z
/)I)7=%"D)9')H/)F^.)5%30u5.Q00u5."D)5P'^.)5%%8
H'-=Q>`'#1
M
)5'++#
M
@FI)M3K@^)C.^+I^|
Q00u5.(-Y'%0)50
M"/)45^'C5:)='‡.V)F'9|ˆ"
&D%„9|;R45^s)7+4
2
.
2
tQD)0!
4
2
.
2
h ν
→
.
•
A4
2
.
•
st
1
M
"6.@.-D
)*)7F08%l@C?;P' k2
)*)7;-EFV=%`Q1
2
")*)7--R,'%0/)"
"D)9')H/)`"
2"U:%8H')-5)J`)-=V=%08%l@")C)K3M2.7)s-6)t
)-=N3m2.7)1
2
s-6)t"[32a2.7)s-6)tf++5
2
.@6.='++B')$@32 '@"7
)%Ej)*)7FV=%"80x~I8C50U)-5"
Bé Gi¸o Dơc Vµ §µo T¹o§Ị Thi Qc Gia Chän HäC SINH Giái THPT
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc Líp 12
Ngµy thi: 14/3/1997
O
CH
2
O
COOH
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:9
*********************************************************************************************************************************
s c%X)369'6*)Z''-t
B¶ng A: Lµm tÊt c¶ c¸c c©u
B¶ng B: Kh«ng lµm phÇn V
C©u I:
t
2
1
K
L+t.
2
L^th1
K
8)7)7/)I);|&F++>F/))5$";D)')5S>.='%F
++-(s%…mL‰mB≈mOt"
M"Ở )E')5$F67fC*(.>%|.@.W;8Q:)5-/)6)F)U)7@+@B)
)5Z5I'Z+C)5G;P'"
O
3
hv
O
2
O
+
E-C;P'C;S%Qn3.@))5'e'~*@Q@9)5Z')5$)5-/)"_))5'
'C$.'Z)8Q67fC*@).='-'6*#1Q.s.+.u.;)J@C
.))Q69'67)5Q4
2
.
2
→4
2
.A.tL67C.@IX)f)5G;D-q
h
2
1
K
A_1
K
A4^
2
s1
K
t
M
A
2
1s t
" TCQD)%&')5G%8H's t+>+'%&')5Gs67:%&')5G.s2tt"
2" 8)D)%8H'-(.)i'S3TC)D).i%;*)HP'0;P'F%8H'+UQ
s2t)^Y'-;P'F/)"
M" )5S .'5) P' 0 ;P' F %8 H' I 6x R 2a
+= )7 )^ ;* )H!
lgK
0.059
w∆p
s∆p
.:)D-:U)$lFB%/)%8H'3.0^.^)5)@'Qf)5G
IB6x)5'%8H't"
t $@.='h#Q+'+S"
C©u III:
" )%&')5G%8H')0!
tO
→
c2
;
2N
A
2
^
K
;t
b
4
m
→
c
1
m
AO
t
bK
2Mb
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:10
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2"tŠ5)5')$$Hbb32cjŠ
2Mc
s()Z';„.K3a"
b
g@tQ3m2jŠ
2Ma
s()Z
';„.m3 "
c
g@t"7)-%5T@V-Y'QS)5$)5' '@Š
M
1
a
@>-D"
;t_5Q^5+Dv
22N
)JfB'Š5)5')$$"v
22N
+=)5)J-Y'QS)5'
-Y'QS)5$O
C©u IV:
"TCQD)%&')5G%8H'I8C56+[.='+67
2
0f+'+Ss(%≈3atH
`'
A
3
2A
++2t"
;t vx6D))F;P'>5Y)+')D%Q>++#
M
N_"
t )„)>('++23)$@Q-(#
K
.5W35Y)$@)D%#
M
N_)>%≈b3"
+t 6D))F)+=Rt)+'Q>#12_(@)7)++
2
1
2
"
C©u V:
•†)%8H'#
2
s67tAM
2
s67t
ˆ ˆ †
‡ ˆ ˆ
2#
M
s67tsrt
t-6:)$l-Q>/)3w2bch3(!
∆
w bm3b‹"h
B¶ng A: Lµm tÊt c¶ c¸c c©u
B¶ng B: Kh«ng lµm c©u VI
C©u I:
"TC;D)6*.F'C$)Q..$6D)sσ3πt)5'=%/)0!
.
2
w1L
2
w≡#L
2
ww1
2"TC0W%ID%=%/)+>-C)^)H)U)g'+E:)-09"8)7"
M
2
2
M
s`tL
M
2
2
1stL
M
2
K
→
M
#A#
M
s2t
C©u II:
"=%/)•HNj3K3KKjQMa3aNj1)5'%)x3++>F•.@Y'f‚)7@"„%
•)-=I)I^)QI)-5I;^|"
t •-S9')H/)F•3;D)_
•
w c-Q"
;t 7)*)7QJ-F++#13a_-*%8H')Q>a3K'•"
2" _|& s@05)t 1
2
s1t
K
w1 . -Y' % F '.|&" ë +' Q?' N
@|&~6'.|&RV(@1R'C$)x
2
P@,'%7Q>1R'C$)x
M
"
1I@|&;P'++#1
M
R
)-=08%l@€HK 3McjLM3KajQaa3 mj1"€;S
)„%8)5'@9)5Z'I)Œ';|&)5I)%.-5I-;IC.B@)&'H'"
•-S9')H/)F€3;D)_
2
s#
2
t11sI)'.)@C.t
@.
2
#s
2
t
K
s#
2
t11s<|C<C0t
@.
#D•)+'Q>23Ks#1
2
t
2
N
M
4s67:`54t5Y@>)„%)G)-=`.3.3<C0Q=%
/)
_B)6D)„%•Z^|@;I%^%)-|)G)-=<C0Q@))^)5%^%))"#'56)„
%69')•)-%^%))`..3`.`.Q0`."
"•-S9')H/)Q)$F%.%^%))•"
2"W%ID%@I)R)5$)^)H)U)g'+E% s%
-='.-*@-•'-:3)%-(@I)
"`I)@^)C.@.
M
s11t
2
2"`I)αQC.5."
C©u VI:
(%&')5G%8H'0!
OH
(A)
H
2
SO
4
85
%
10
0
C
,
+
H
2
O
(B) h =
55
%
"D)&D%8H'"
2"C`;P'
N
s:0/)cNjt3
2
s:0/)Najt"
N
N
CH
2
H
CH
NH
2
COOH
Histidin hay His
N
N
CH
2
H
CH COOH
NH
Ar
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:12
*********************************************************************************************************************************
t D)9')H/)F
3
2
"
;t 0:0/)%8H')5
"
2"5@.'C&-5/)-"TCQD)%&')5G%8H'I8C56+,'@)/))9'
)Z'+}6D@-*„D).='5@.'•'@C;S.@-q3;8Q:@9)5Z'"
Bµi II:
,'bK3bN@.
2
1
K
ajsw 3Ma'[email protected]QJ-F)+'D)Q>23c'/)•3)-=@€Q/)•"
" •3€3•()*.e'/)OTC'8)7)*QQD)%&')5G%8H'-*@
"
2" #D0f)5G)5$)-=m3N'@€)G0o-=;$/)•O
D)5P'•()*.@))5'/)!13_'13#13h13•34^"
Bµi III:
"G@%&')5G@V%8H'0-C!
t h
2
5
2
1
m
AOA
2
1→5s1t
M
AA#
M
Ah1
;t h
2
K
t
2
AOA
2
1→h
M
y5s1t
N
zAAO
2"TC;D)/)I)5'@V%8H')5$"UQ/G^.^)5F'C$)x3TC'8)7
)7/)IF/)-("
MŽt"TC;D)Q)5?F%-Q>%8H')5$)5'0U))08%l@H
5@"
Bµi IV:
(0.:!:U D-:U)$lstR2a
k
A
23 N"
4^k4^
2A
"KK"
4^k4^
MA
"MN"
2
k2
s++`t"%8H')-=++(%w 23Q6D))F1
M
"
<./C6D))F5Y.@69B' 32'@"
t TC)7)*)71
2
R2m3M
3 )@-T)-=Q++`"
;t 7Y'-@.k.7)Fs1t
2
)5'++`"
M"#1+Q++•H
A
35
2
1
m
2
3;
2A
3
2A
3#
K
A
"('++)0o-=67@,6;C
5Q(6D))FQ'"
<6D))F35Y)+'Q>++."h/C)-=++@+@Q@)6D))F@)5W'"D)%
&')5G%8H'-*'8)7:)='"
s(
2
1
K
-BtL
;t @.5
2
s(D0'tL
th_1
K
-B3+s-('t"
+Žt5G;C'-fCD)-S)-'F@V%8H'tQ;t"
2Ž"r);^|^-=-DQ>:0/))^0&-Y%8H'0!
N
N
Ar
2
A#1
M
0
30 C
→
#1A#1
2
A`'r
;D)Q)5?F#1
M
o
dd KMnO ,t
4
→
+•
dd HCl
→
o
HOCH -CH OH, t
2 2
→
p
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:14
*********************************************************************************************************************************
t
M
N
K
M
o
dd KMnO ,t
4
→
<
;D)H'+'FpQr"
2"TC%;:)K@I)0s('8)7t3;D)5P'%?')7':@(.'/Cf‚3++##1
2A
++.3++#13
2
a
1Q+'E)D)"
t
M
11s`.t;t
2
#s
2
t
K
11s<C0t
#
2
#
2
t11s
2
t
2
11s.t
2a
.Ab23N
QAMK
"'+S
F@V-Y'%C)U;D-qQyαz
2a
)>6,'-)')5Sq-S.Aa2
"
N
COOH
H
(Pro)
d.
N
CONH
2
Nicotiamit
Vitamin PP
C N(C
2
H
5
)
2
O
%E)5g@/))5'++R')5Syαz
2a
wa2
a
QQD)9')H/)5XF/))%E-("
2"_^)C.)(@1FM32K'@@.%^);P')+'Q>
M
r)5'@9
)5Z';|&35Y-^@)„%)sIX)I)t)G)-= 3NN" M@.23M3K3N)^)51
@^)C.'.|&Q 3NN" M@.23M-1@^)C.'.|&L?..23M3N)51@^)C.'.|&"
tD)9')H/)5Xs+'Q?'N%•'tFM08%l@)5$Q;D)I/)IHFX'"
;t;D))~.:%E)5g@''.|&Re'V(F%)x@.%^)"
t70@.23M3N)51@^)C.'.|&05)5'%?')7':@)5$"
Bé Gi¸o Dơc Vµ §µo T¹o§Ị Thi Qc Gia Chän HäC SINH Giái THPT
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc - B¶ng A
®Ị thi chÝnh thøcNgµy thi: 12/3/1999
(180 phót, kh«ng kĨ thêi gian giao ®Ị )
C©u 1!
'+S`'Y@/))4^.
M
3`..
M
3#
K
.Q.
2
sY'-@V/)I/%I~3 _t"
"'+S`(%8H'I)3;|&3)5')7O0O
2"
%l@&O0%8)-'QiCO
2"U':@;D))2a
)-)$)67#1)5'%8H'-D)5|.567!
CH
2
OH
H OH
HO H
OH
HO H
H OH
HO H
H OH
H OH
CHO
CHO
CH
2
OH
H
(B)
(C)
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:16
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2#1
s6t
A.
2s6t
2"k.1
2
-=-D(';P'V=%h.1
M
3
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C©u 4!
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2
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0t"
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2
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2"TC;D)%8H'+>-C).%8H'sI36xB%8H'6tO
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M
2
1
CrO ,piridin
3
(1)
→
M
"
M
2
1
LiAlH
4
TiCl
4
→
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M
CHO
CH
3
OH, H
+
CH(OCH
3
)
2
A
H
2
Od.
2
2
11
o
1) dd NaOH, t
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t 1
2
s1t
K
w1
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2"D)%&')5G%8H'-D 3M3a)5@;^|^)J).^Q=%/)Q9&)7=%"
C©u III:
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Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:18
*********************************************************************************************************************************
O
O
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
TC)5G;C0&-Y%8H'))-I"
2"thDV=%-Y'%69''F23M-;5@M@^)C.%^)Q>6o@)-=
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D)9')H/)5XQ')$-5;-("
;to)-=08%l@;P'%8H')&')U)5$DI/)%))J23K-;5@2@^)C.%^)"
C©u V:
"`I)I@-=-D)^0&-Y%8H'0!
N
a
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M
1t
2
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→
N
®Ị thi chÝnh thøcNgµy thi: 13/3/2000
(180 phót, kh«ng kĨ thêi gian giao ®Ị )
C©u I:
t/)0!#1
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C©u II:
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K
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N
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1
K
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Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:21
*********************************************************************************************************************************
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C©u V(3,5 ®iĨm)!
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2
1
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2
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→
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K
2
Ar
2
s t
-=680);P')U':@0!5+'+ShrQ>+'+SY);)3+'+S
2
K
RQS)57 Q/)Q9&E)D)69'H
K
3TC
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K
RQS)57M!t`.L
;tr);^|^Lt`I);^|"
2")0&-Y%8H'0Q')$08%l@)JA-DF!
Benzen (1mol)
Cl
2
(1 mol)
FeCl
3
A
H
2
Ot
0
C, p
B
Na
2
Cr
2
2K
5
2
1#
2
t3Cs
b
2a
5
M
1#
2
t3Q
Ds
b
2K
5
K
#
2
t"DDQ>+'+Sh1)5'5=b
)-=Es
b
2
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;D)@VQD)/)-B)5'%5))O8)7"
2"h)„%) @.)5%^%))X )-=2@.I)'.)@
s11s
2
t
2
s#
2
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M
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2
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C©u IV (4,5 ®iĨm)!
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C©u III (5 ®iĨm)! (thay c©u III b¶ng A, dïng cho b¶ng B)
"V=%-•'%)x'Y@I);^|QI)p@^)I;^|)+'Q>V=%#1
M
bé gi¸o dơc vµ ®µo t¹o k× thi chän häc sinh giái qc gia
líp 12 thpt n¨m häc 2000-2001
®Ị thi chÝnh thøc _9!ho¸ häc8'B
Z'! c%X)skh«ng kĨ thêi gian giao ®Ịt
#'C)!13 / 3 / 2001
C©u I (5 ®iĨm)!
"•/)%))J;5@;^|^H
K
RQS)57 Q/)Q9&E)D)69'H
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3TC-D
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b
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