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PASSIVE VOICE - Phần 2
I. Tóm tắt bài giảng

Quá khứ

Hiện tại

Tƣơng lai

Đơn

was / were + PII

am / is / are + PII

will be + PII

Tiếp diễn

was / were + being + PII

am / is / are + being + PII

Không có

=> .................................................................................................................................
4. We aren't going to improve the public telephone service this year.
=> ........................................................................................................
5. He isn't going to turn down the job they have offered him.
=> ....................................................................................................................
10. Modals and Auxiliary in the passive voice
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Active:
S + Modal verbs (can / could / may / might / must / ought to / Should ) + infinitive + Object
Passive
S + Modal verbs (can / could / may / might / must / ought to / Should ) + be + PII
1. He can't repair my bike.
=>............................................................................................................................................................
2. Our teacher used to forbid us to talk in class.
=>.............................................................................................................................................
3. My mother used to make clean the house.
=>..................................................................................................................................................
4. She can sew 3 shirts a day.
=>............................................................................................................................................................
5 .He couldn't find his key.
=>................................................................................................................................................................


Cô VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP

=>......................................................................................................................
18. You ought to do all the work on your own
=>............................................................................................................................................
19. Does she have to feed the pigeon twice a day?
=>...........................................................................................................................................
20. They must report it to the police or it will be too late.
=>...........................................................................................................................
11. Các trƣờng hợp đặc biệt

Active

Passive

Make sb do sth

Be made to do sth

The teacher is making us work hard.

We are being made to work hard by our teacher.

Help sb (to) do sth

Be helped to do sth

He helped me (to) repair the washing
machine.

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=>............................................................................................................................................................
6. He has never let her look down on him.
=>…………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. The teacher made him stay after the class because he hadn’t done his homework.
=>…………………………………………………….
8. I will help you redecorate the room before Christmas comes.
=>………………………………………………………………………….
12. See / Notice / Hear / Listen to / Watch
Active:

Passive

See

seen

Notice

noticed

Hear

sb do sth

Listen to


Ví dụ: - I have my younger brother clean the floor.
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- I have the floor cleaned by my younger brother.
- He has his hair cut. He has the barber cut his hair.
Cấu trúc trên đƣợc dùng theo hai nghĩa sau:
a. Để nói ta thu xếp để người khác làm giúp mình một việc gì ( không tự mình làm)
So sánh:

Jill repaired the roof. ( = She repaired it herself)
Jill had the roof repaired. (= She arranged for somebody else to repair it)
I have cut my hair. ( Tôi tự cắt.)
I have had my hair cut. ( người khác cắt tóc cho tôi.)
I hate taking photographs.
I hate having my photograph taken.
Did Ann make the dress herself or did she have it made?
How often do you have your hair done / cut?
I’ve lost my key. I’ll have to have another key made.
Why did you take your car to the garage? To have it serviced.
Why did you take your jacket to the cleaner’s? To have it cleaned.
Why did you take your watch to the jeweller’s? To have it repaired.
Why did you go to the hairdresser ? To have my hair cut.


No more staff... .......................................................................................
4. We ought to make things clear to them.
Things.......................................................................
5. We all agree that we must take action
Action... ……………………………………..
6. Of course we must keep the factory open
The factory... ……………………………
7. We have to reduce costs
Costs...............................................
8. We should warn the staff
The staff....................................................
9. People should send their complaints to the main office.
……………………………………………………………….………………..
10. Somebody might steal your car if you had left the keys in it.
……………………………………………………………….………………..
11. A short circuit could cause the fire.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
12. Lan is going to invite her friends to her birthday party.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
13. Lien couldn’t open the door of the classroom.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
14. They should announce that news as soon as possible.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
15. Phong has to return the scientific book to the library.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
16. People must repair that old building.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
17. The government will rebuild the memorial monument.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..

There was a leak in the roof so I ………………………… now.
5. The hairdresser should cut your hair. It's too long and untidy!
You ………………………………. It's too long and untidy!
6. When will you call someone to repair the air conditioning? It's too hot in here!
When will you …………………………………? It's too hot in here!
7. When I was coming here, someone stole my purse on the bus.
When I was coming here, I ………………………… on the bus.
Exercise 3. Hoàn thành câu với dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc
1. Jimmy had a servant ………….(clean) his house. Jimmy had his house …………….
2. My parents don't want to wash their car. They will get someone …………. (wash) it. They will get
their car ……………….
3. His father always forces hime ………….. (study) hard. He's quite upset about this.
4. The visitors made him ……………..(carry) a lot of luggages.
5. I don't know why they let her little daughter ……………(buy) a lot of clothes.
6. Our mother never allows ………………games all day.
7. His wife permits him ………………fast food.
8. She makes her husband …………………..exercise.
9. Why don't you let me ___ (cook) supper tonight? You can have a rest.

KEY
Exercise 1
1. can't be allowed to continue
2. will be held in May
3. will be employed by the company
4. ought to be made clear to them
5. must be taken
6. must be kept open
7. have to be reduced
8. should be warned
9. Their complaints should be sent to the main office.

Fruit must be kept in the fridge for long.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Exercise 2
had our kitchen redecorated
had her tonsils taken out
've just had these walls
'm having it fixed
should have your hair cut
have the air conditioning repaired
had my purse stolen

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Exercise 3

 Cấu trúc 1:
It is/was + Past participle + that + clause
People say that he is 100 years old. => It is said that he is 100 years old.
People expect that the strike will end soon. => It is expected that the strike will end soon.
Everybody says that there is a secret tunnel between those two houses. => It is said that there is a
secret tunnel between those two houses.
Chú ý: Cấu trúc trên chỉ tương đương với câu chủ động có chủ ngữ số nhiều với nghĩa nói chung:
people, everybody…
 Cấu trúc 2:

S + Be + Past participle + to +

Verb (1)
Be + V-ing (2)
Have + Past Participle (3)
Have been + V-ing (4)

 Dùng (1) khi động từ trong mệnh đề phụ được chia ở thì hiện tại đơn, hoặc tương lai đơn:
He is said to be 100 years old.
The strike is expected to end soon.
There is said to be a secret tunnel between those two houses.
People said that he was a dedicated worker. => He was said to be a dedicated worker.
 Dùng (2) khi động từ trong mệnh đề phụ được chia ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn, hoặc tương lai
tiếp diễn:
They think that the terrorists are hiding in the mountain => The terrorists are thought to be hiding in
the mountain.
People believe that she is studying abroad. => She is believed to be studying abroad.
 Dùng (3) khi động từ trong mệnh đề phụ được chia ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành, hoặc quá khứ
đơn:
People say that he escaped to a neutral country => He is said to have escaped to a neutral country.

Form: Being + Past participle
Present: being written /done/ made….
Past: having been written/done/ made….
Need to do : Cần làm ( nghĩa chủ động). Ví dụ: You need to work harder.
Need doing = need to be done : Cần được làm ( không có sự khác nhau khi dùng với vật)
- This car needs to be serviced / this car needs servicing.
- I need to clean my shirt because it needs cleaning/ to be cleaned.
Ở thê bị động, với người, chỉ dùng need to be done ( Không dùng need doing)
The old need to be looked after by the young. ( Không dùng need looking after)
Danh động từ bị động có các cách dùng như danh động từ chủ động ( trừ trường hợp cấu tạo danh từ
ghép). Ví dụ:
- I like people praising me => I like being praised.
- She hates people staring at her when she is in the street.
=> She hates being stared at when she is in the street.
- I remember that my father took me to the cinema to see that film.
=> I remember being taken to the cinema by my father to see that film.
- He was punished by being sent to bed without any supper.
- I remember being taken to Paris as a small child.
- I hate being told what to do. => I hate people telling me what to do.
- She is afraid of being taken away by the strong wind if she opens her parachute early.
- She is afraid of the strong wind taking her away…..
- He objected to his son being criticised unfairly. => He objected to people criticising his son unfairly
- He resented being kept waiting.=> He resented people keeping him waiting
- The safe showed no signs of having been touched.
3. Passive infinitive ( Nguyên mẫu bị động)
Form: To be + Past participle
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It is only right that she (should) have a share.
II. Bài về nhà
Exercise 1. Rephrase the sentences to make them more formal.
1) People think that the new prime minister is a good speaker.
It is ……………………………………………………………………………………
The new prime minister ……………………………………………………………………………
2) They report that the suspended gunman is in custody.
The suspended ……………………………………………………………………………………
It is ……………………………………………………………………………………
3) People don't expect that the new party will win the election.
It isn't ……………………………………………………………………………………
The new ……………………………………………………………………………………
4) The police say that the principal is at large.
It is ……………………………………………………………………………………
The principal ……………………………………………………………………………………
5) The detective knows that the robber has left the city.
It is ……………………………………………………………………………………
The robber ……………………………………………………………………………………
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6) People believe that giving encouragement is important at work, too.
It is ……………………………………………………………………………………

21) It is acknowledged that she is a talented painter.
She is ……………………………………………………………………………………
22) The Sun was believed to move round the Earth.
It was ……………………………………………………………………………………
23) It is said that the pilot was drunken.
The pilot ……………………………………………………………………………………
24) This kind of material is found to be poisonous.
It is ……………………………………………………………………………………
25) The witness was thought to have injured.
It was ……………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 2. Rephrase the sentences using Passive with gerund and infinitive
1. She doesn’t like it when people tease her.
She ……………………………………………………………………………………
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2. Most people don’t steal because they are afraid that someone will catch them.
Most people don't steal …………………………………………………………………………
3. To be told you are no good can destroy your confidence.
……………………………………………………………………………………your confidence
4. I hate it when people ask me stupid questions.
I hate ……………………………………………………………………………………
5. It’s dangerous to use the equipment if nobody instructs you.

The robber is known to have left the city.
6. It is believed that giving encouragement is important at work, too.
Giving encouragement is believed to be important at work, too.
7. It was told that Charles drank too much at the party.
Charles was told to have drunk too much at the party.
8. It is known that drug addiction is dangerous.
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9. The lunch is believed to be delicious.
10. The children are thought to be at school.
11. It is said that the robbery lasted half an hour.
12. He is acknowledged to be talented.
13. He was reported to have won the jackpot.
14. It is thought that your tea is too sweet.
15. The old bridge is said to collapse
16. The thief is said to have stolen several wallets.
17. It is thought that the pigeons carry a lot of diseases.
18. It is known that Sarah is the prettiest girl in the class
19. He was understood to have got divorced
20. It was reported that Amy Winehouse died.
21. She is acknowledged to be a talented painter.
22. It was believed that the Sun moves round the Earth.

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BÀI TẬP VỀ CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
I. Bài tập chữa trong video
THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG
EXERCISE 1: CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.
1.My father waters this flower every morning.
2.John invited Fiona to his birthday party last night.
3.Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
4.We should clean our teeth twice a day.
5.Our teachers have explained the English grammar.
6.Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city.
7.Tom will visit his parents next month.
8.The manager didn’t phone the secretary this morning.
9.Did Mary this beautiful dress?
10.I won’t hang these old pictures in the living room.
11.The German didn’t build this factory during the Second World War.
12.The Greens are going to paint this house and these cars for Christmas Day.
13.Ann had fed the cats before she went to the cinema.
14.The students have discussed the pollution problems since last week.
15.Have the thieves stolen the most valuable painting in the national museum?
16.Some people will interview the new president on TV.
17.How many languages do they speak in Canada?
18.Are you going to repair those shoes?
19.He has broken his nose in a football match.
20.Have you finished the above sentences?
THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG CÁC MẪU CÂU CƠ BẢN
EXERCISE 2:CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.

THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ TƯỜNG THUẬT
EXERCISE 3:CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.
1.They told me that you were the best architect in this city.
2.She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.
3.Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
4.That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week.
5.He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.
6.They promise that the performance will start on time.
7.He recommends that we should stay at the city center.
8.We believed that Alice would pass the driving test.
9.The director notifies all the workers that they will have to work extra hard this month.
10.They have persuaded me that they will go with me to the stadium.
11.They have decided that the company will go to the beach together at the weekend.
12.People think that Maradona is the best football player in the 20th century.
13.They find that the job is not suitable for a girl like her.
14.The teacher explained that this powerful engine pulled the train.
15.He told me that his football team had played well last season.
BỊ ĐỘNG VỚI NHỮNG ĐỘNG TỪ SAI BẢO.
EXERCISE 4:CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.
1.I had my nephew paint the gate last week.
2.She will have Peter wash her car tomorrow.
3.They have her tell the story again.
4.John gets his sister to clean his shirt.
5.Anne had had a friend type her composition.
6.Rick will have a barber cut his hair.
7.I will get the dressmaker to make a new dress.
8.He had a mechanic repair his car.
9.She often gets the technician to maintain the heater.
10.They had the police arrest the shoplifter.
11.Are you going to have the shoemaker repair your shoes?

15.Has the most valuable painting in the national meseum been stlen (by the thieves).
16.The new president will be interviewed on TV (by tsome people).
17.How many languages are spoken in Canada(by them)?
18.Are those shoes going to be repaired ?
19.His nose has been broken in a football match(by him).
20.Have above sentences been finished ?
EXERCISE 2.
1.This dish is brought to me (by the waiter).
2.These postcards are sent to us(by our friend).
3.This story was told to them(by their grandmother) when they visited her last week.
4.This train ticket was ordered for Tim’s mother.
5.The special cameras weren’t showed to me.
6.Her ticket was showed to the airline agent(by her).
7.His new shoes are lent to his friends(by him).
8.Five million pounds was left to her relatives (by her).
9.These boxes were handed to the customer (by the shop assistant).
10.The first prize was awarded to the reporter (by the board).
11.Have the christmas cards been sent to your family?
12.Alice was appointed secretary for the meeting(by the committee).
13.The broken cup is hidden in the drawer (by him).
14.This room is kept tidy (by them) all the time.
15.The party was voted a great success(by them).
16.Ann was given some bananas and some flowers(by us).
17.The fridge was moved into the living room(by them).
18.Some cups of tea were brought to the visitors in the next room (by her).
19.The new project is found worthless.
20.The note wasn’t taken to the manager(by the secretary).
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5.Anne has had her composition typed.
6.Rick will have his hair cut.
7.I will get a new dress made.
8.He had his car repaired.
9.She often gets the heater maitained.
10.They had the shoplifter arrested.
11.Are you going to have your shoes repaired?
12.I must have my teeth checked.
13.She will have her dog examined.
14.We had this photograph taken when we were on holiday last summer.
15.The Greens had their carpet cleaned.
II. Bài về nhà
Exercise 1. Chose the right phrases to complete the second sentence so that it means exactly the
same as the original one.
1. They say smoking is dangerous.
Smoking is said …………… dangerous.
2. They think he has stolen the ring.
He is thought …………… the ring
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3. People believe she is leaving tomorrow.
She is believed ……………


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Exercise 3. The first sentence is in the ACTIVE VOICE. Choose the most correct way of saying the
same thing in the PASSIVE VOICE:
1. They passed me up for that position.
I ________________ for that position.
A. was passed up
B. was being passed up
C. am passed up
2. By tomorrow, I will have bought the car.
By tomorrow, the car ________________ by me.
A. was being bought
B. will have been bought
C. was bought
3. John bought the Picasso painting.
The Picasso painting ________________ by John.
A. was bought
B. will have been bought
C. is bought
4. Most students misunderstand this story.
This story ________________ by most students.
A. was misunderstood
B. has been misunderstood