4X\KRFKYTXQOìQJXQQầF



&KQJ

TX\KRFKYTXQOìQJXQQầF


1KLPYFđDTX\KRFKY~TXQOQJXÊQQ|ôF

4X\KRFKQJXắQQặFOVềKRFKãQKFKLđQOầFVẽGQJQặFPWFFKKầS
OệFấDPWTXFJLDWUQPWYẩQJOQKWKKRFPWOXYềFVQJEDRJắPFKLđQ
OầFXWSKWWULơQQJXắQQặFYSKQJWKẹFTXQOệQJXắQQặFQKPSẹQJ
FF\XFXYôQặFYPERVềSKWWULơQEôQYéQJ
4X\KRFKYTXQOệQJXắQQặFOOàQKYềFNKRDKẵFNKSKẹFWS7URQJWKL
LKLQQD\YLFNKDLWKFQJXắQQặFOLQTXDQNKQJQKéQJSKLPERVềX
WFẳKLXTXPFáQSKLPERVềSKWWULơQEôQYéQJ1JXắQQặFWUQKQKWLQK
FQJQJ\FQJFQNLWVRYặLVềSKWWULơQGQVYPẹF\XFXQJ\FQJFDR
FấDFFQJQK GẩQJQặFFYôVOầQJYFKÊWOầQJ&KảQKYYÔ\WURQJFF TX\
KRFKNKDLWKFQJXắQQặFWKQJWắQWLFFPXWKXÂQPXWKXÂQJLéDFFQJQK
GẩQJQặFPÂXWKXÂQJLéDNKDLWKFYERYPLWUQJPXWKXÂQJLéDVẽGQJ
QặFYặLVềPERSKWWULơQEôQYéQJ1đXWUặF\WKHRTXDQLơPWUX\ôQWKQJ
NKDLWKFQJXắQQặFSKLPERWLXYôPWXWWKQJ\Q\YÊQôSKQWảFK
NLQKWđFKOPWORLWLXFKXĂQQKJLGềQTX\KRFK.KLSKLPERVềSKW
WULơQEôQYéQJWURQJTXWUQKSKWWULơQQJXắQQặFWKYÊQôWUDNKQJSKLWP
SKQJQWLXPFQSKLWPSKQJQKầSOệQKÊWOSKQJQWLXNLQKWđ
YWKDPQFF\XFXSKWWULơQEôQYéQJ
1KLPYFấDFFTX\KRFKVẽGQJQặFOVềWKLđWOÔSPWFQEQJKầSOệ

QặFFQJYLFQ\ầFJẵLO4X\KRFKKWKQJ7URQJPWVWLOLXFáQFẳWQ
JẵLO
7KLđWNđKWKQJ
PWQJQWẻầFVẽGQJWURQJWKLđWNđFFORLKWKQJNế
WKXÔWNKF0FWLXFấDJLDLRQWKLđWNđKWKQJO[FãQKPWFÊXWUèFKầSOệ
QKÊWFấDKWKQJQJXắQQặFWKRPQFFPFWLXNKDLWKFYERYQJXắQQặF
.KLOÔSFFTX\KRFKKWKQJWẻ\XFXNKDLWKFQJXắQQặFQJLOPTX\
KRFKSKL[FãQKQKéQJORLFQJWUQKQRVăầF[HP[âW[\GềQJ"TX\P[\
GềQJUDVDR"\XFXFÊSQặFQRFQầF[HP[âWYNKQQJSẹQJđQX"
FÊXWUèFQRFấDKWKQJầFFRLONKWKLYWLXQKÊW1JRLUDFQ[HP[âWFF
SKQJQSKLFQJWUQKWUắQJUẻQJKWKQJFKảQKVFKQKPERYYWLWR
QJXắQQặF
1KLPYFấDTX\KRFKKWKQJO[FãQKFÊXWUèFKầSOệYôFFJLLSKS
FQJWUQKYSKQJWKẹFVẽGQJQặF&KQJKQWDFQOÔSTX\KRFKLYặLPW
KWKQJWLXèQJYôPWELQSKSFQJWUQKFQWKLđW[HP[âWFQJWUQKXPL
QRVăầF[\GềQJFQJWLXKRFFQJWUQKWLXQJOềFYãWUả[\GềQJYTX\
PFFORLFQJWUQKẳ[FãQKFÊXWUèFFấDKWKQJFFWUFNQKWLXVềSKQ
YẩQJFFNKXWLX9ôPW\XFXWLXFQ[HP[âWPẹFWLXFKRWẻQJYẩQJWLX
WURQJKWKQJQKWKđQROKầSOệ
1ẳLWẳPOLTX\KRFKKWKQJO[FãQKPWFÊXWUèFKầSOệYôELQSKS
FQJWUQKYSKQJWKẹFNKDLWKFVẽGQJQặF%LYÔ\TX\KRFKKWKQJFáQFẳ
WQJẵLOoWKLđWNđKWKQJp&QSKQELWKDLQJQWẻoWKLđWNđKWKQJpYoWKLđW
NđFQJWUQKpoWKLđWNđKWKQJpO[FãQKFÊXWUèFFấDKWKQJWURQJNKLOÔSTX\
KRFKQJXắQQặFFáQoWKLđWNđFQJWUQKpOFQJWFWKLđWNđLYặLPWFQJWUQK
FWKơQRẳWURQJKWKQJ



4X\KRFKYTXQOìQJXQQầF
3KWWULưQQJXQQầF

4XQOíNKDLWKFKảWKẩQJFQJWUãQK
/VềWKLđWOÔSFFSKQJWKẹFTXQOệ
NKDLWKFKWKQJFQJWUQK[\GềQJFKQJWUQKLôXKQKLôXNKLơQKWKQJ
VDXNKLKWKQJFQJWUQKầF[\GềQJPERWảQKKLXTXFấDYLFVẽGQJ
QặFYPERVềSKWWULơQEôQYéQJYôQJXắQQặF4XQOệKWKQJFQJWUQK
WKXễOầLELYÔ\FKOPWQLGXQJFấDTXQOệQJXắQQặF
ơTXQOệQJXắQQặFPWFFKFẳKLXTXFQJLLTX\đWFFYÊQôFKảQK
QKVDX
&KQJ4X\KRFKYTXQOìQJXQQầF


+RFK ãQK K WKQJ FF FKảQK VFK WKơ FKđ QKP TXQ Oệ WW QKÊW WL
QJX\QQặFWUQPWOQKWKKRFWUQPWOXYềFVQJ+WKQJFKảQK
VFKEDRJắPOXÔWQặFYFFTX\ãQKGặLOXÔWGRQKQặFEDQKQKK
WKQJFFFKảQKVFKQKPNKX\đQNKảFKFQJắQJWKDPJLDYRTXWUQK
ERYQJXắQQặF&FWKơFKđầF[\GềQJWXểWKXFYRFLơPF
WKơFấDYẩQJFẳQJXắQQặFFQERYLYặLFFVQJOặQFK\TXDOQK
WKFấDQKLôXTXFJLDFQWKLđWOÔSFFWFKẹFOLQTXFJLDơSKLKầS
KQKQJ
7KLđWOÔSKWKQJNếWKXÔWWUầJLèSFQJWFTXQOệQJXắQQặFEDRJắP
KWKQJTXDQWUFKWKQJ[ẽOệWKQJWLQFFPKQKWRQYFFSKQ
PôPTXQOệGéOLXFFPKQKYSKQPôPTXQOệQJXắQQặF\
ầFFRLOFQJFTXDQWUẵQJơNLơPVRWQKéQJQKKQJFẳOầLYFẳ
KLđQQJXắQQặFYVLQKWKLGRFFKRWQJGQVLQKNLQKWđJ\UDWẻ
ẳFẳFVKRFKãQKFFSKQJWKẹFNKDLWKFKầSOệWLQJX\QQặFY
FFELQSKSFQWKLđWơERYYQQJFDRFKÊWOầQJFấDQJXắQQặF

&K|{QJWUQKQ|ôFTXƯFJLDFFGQJTX\KRFKQJXÊQQ|ôF
&KQJWUQKTXFJLDYơSKWWULưQQJXQQầF
&KQJWUQKTXFJLDYôSKWWULơQQJXắQQặF[FOÔSKWKQJFKảQKVFKY

7LXKRQKéQJOầLảFKDPFWLXWẻWLQJX\QQặFÊWDLYFFWL
QJX\QWKLQQKLQNKF
7LXKRVQ[XÊWLQQQJWURQJNKXQNKQKéQJKQFKđNKF
3KáQJFKQJOậOW
&XQJFÊSQặFWKảFKQJFKRGQVLQKYFQJQJKLS
'X\WUFKÊWOầQJQặFWKHRFFWLXFKXĂQFKÊWOầQJ[FOÔS
'X\WUPLWUQJEôQYéQJWKHRQKéQJKặQJGÂQWUD
3KWWULơQJLDRWKQJWKXễYGX\WUSKWWULơQWKấ\VQ
PERNKQQJEôQYéQJWLFKảQKFấDFFGềQYFKQJWUQK

4X\KRFKOXYểFYơQJXQQầF
4X\KRFKQJXắQQặFFÊSOXYềFYFKUDFKảQKVFKYFKQJWUQKYôQặF
WUQPWOXYềFVQJQKPNKDLWKFKLXTXYKầSOệWLQJX\QQặFWUQOXYềF
0FảFKFấD4X\KRFKOXYềFODUDKặQJGÂQơPERVẽGQJFẳ
KLXTXQJXắQ QặFWUQOXYềFQKPSẹQJWWQKÊWFFPFWLXYPFảFK
TXFJLDYYẩQJOQKWK4X\KRFKOXYềFYWKđSKLEDRJắPPWWLOLX[F
ãQK OềD FKẵQ Y Nđ KRFK WKềF KLQ FFGề Q TX\ FKđ YFDP NđW YôQặF 4X\
KRFKQ\WQJKầSWÊWFFFGéOLXWKảFKKầSKLQFẳOÔSWKQKYQEQWÊWFFFGề
QDQJWắQ WLFFTX\ãQKYFDP NđWYôQặFD UDFFSKQJQTXQOệW
FKẹFYYÔWFKÊWFFQJXắQQặFSKẩKầSYặLFFPFWLXYPFảFKôUD&F
LôX NLQ VẽGQJ QặF Y FF SKQJ Q ầF OÔS WKHR WKL KQ KLQ WL QP
QPYQP'RQKéQJGéOLXWKXWKÔSầFQJ\FQJWQJFẩQJYặLVềWKD\
LYôPFWLXQQ4X\KRFKOXYềFSKLầFWKD\LYFÔSQKÔWWKQJNể4X\
KRFKOXYềFVăOYQEQFKảQKWKẹFKặQJGÂQPẵLKRWQJTX\KRFKFấD&KảQK
SKấ Y NKX YềFW QKQ FấDWÊWF FF QJQK FẳWKơ Vẽ GQJKD\ WF QJ đQFF
QJXắQQặFFấDOXYềF
3KPYLFấDTX\KRFKOXYềFVăôFÔSđQPẵLQJXắQQặFWURQJOXYềFY
VẽGQJFFQJXắQQặFQ\WURQJFậQJQKQJRLSKPYLOXYềF.KLOÔSFFTX\
KRFKOXYềFFQ[HP[âWWURQJPLTXDQKVềOLQặLYặLFFOXYềFNKF
&FPFWLXYPFảFKPSKWWULơQQJXắQQ

SKWWULơQFấDTX\KRFKOXYềFVăFXQJFÊSFKR&KQJWUQKYôQặFFÊSTXFJLD
7URQJNKLẳFFTX\đWãQKLôXFKQKYôFKảQKVFKNLQKWđYFQJWUQK[XÊWSKW
Wẻ&KLđQOầFTXFJLDYôSKWWULơQQJXắQQặFSKLầFSKQQKWURQJTX\KRFK
OXYềF

4X\KRFKFKX\QQJQKKRFFFTX\KRFKFÔSWLưXYẫQJ
4X\KRFKQJXắQQặFFÊSWLơXYẩQJOFFTX\KRFKFKLWLđWFWKơFKRPW
YẩQJWKXFPWOXYềFVQJKRFPWSKQOQKWKQPWURQJTX\KRFKOLQOXYềF
4X\ KRFK FKX\Q QJQK O TX\ KRFK FKL WLđW FKR PW L WầQJ NKDL WKF
QJXắQQặFQRẳ4X\KRFKSKáQJOậTX\KRFKNKDLWKFWKXễQQJTX\KRFK
FÊS QặF FKR QQJ QJKLS 7URQJ WKềF Wđ PW TX\ KRFK WKQJ ầF OÔS WKHR
QJX\QWFOầLGQJWQJKầSYầFJẵLOTX\KRFKDPFWLX
+DLORLTX\KRFKQ\WKQJầFWLđQKQKULQJUăYFKảQKQẳVăOFV
FKRYLFOÔSTX\KRFKOXYềFY[\GềQJFFFKQJWUQKSKWWULơQQJXắQQặF
FÊSTXFJLD0WNKFNKLFFTX\KRFKOXYềFYFKQJWUQKSKWWULơQQJXắQ
QặFFÊSTXFJLDầF[FOÔSWKQKéQJTX\KRFKYẩQJYTX\KRFKFKX\QQJQK
SKLầFWKềFKLQWURQJNKXQNKFấDTX\KRFKOXYềFYTX\KRFKTXFJLD
+DLJLDLRQOƠSTX\KRFK
4X\KRFKOXYềFYFKQJWUQKTXFJLDYôSKWWULơQQJXắQQặFầF[\
GềQJWKHRQKLôXJLDLRQNKFQKDXQKPKRQFKQKFFTX\KRFKầFOÔS7X\
QKLQTX\KRFKOXYềFYFKQJWUQKSKWWULơQQJXắQQặFFÊSTXFJLDWKQJ



4X\KRFKYTXQOìQJXQQầF
ầFWKềFKLQWKHRKDLJLDLRQJLDLRQWKẹQKÊWOTX\KRFKNKXQJJLDLRQ
WKẹKDLOTX\KRFKWRQE9LFWKềFKLQWKHRKDLJLDLRQVăJLPầFWKLJLDQ
YNLQKSKảWKềFKLQTX\KRFKFKLWLđWNKLPSKQJQTX\KRFKWQJWKơFKD
ầFOPUằ
*LDLRQ4X\KRFKNKXQJYơQJXQQầF

QJKã

*LDLRQ+RQWÔWTX\KRFKYơQJXQQầF
\OJLDLRQQJKLQFẹXFKLWLđWFFTX\KRFKGềDWUQQKéQJWLOLXQJKLQ
FẹXJLDLRQ&FQLGXQJFKảQKWURQJJLDLRQQ\ầFOLWNQKVDX
DàLYLTX\KRFKOXYF
x
QKJLFKẵQOẵFYôQJXắQQặFSKFYFKRTX\KRFKFKLWLđW
x
1QJFÊSặFWảQKQKXFXQặFKLQQD\YWURQJWQJODLWKềFKLQ
JLDLRQ
x
7LđQKQKPSKQJKWKQJQJXắQQặFWảQKWRQFQEQJQặFYQKéQJ
QKXFXQặFWURQJWQJODL
&KQJ4X\KRFKYTXQOìQJXQQầF


x
+QKWKQKFFSKQJQTX\KRFKFKQJWUQKOềDFKẵQSKWWULơQTXQ
Oệ Y ER Y PL WUQJ FKR QJXắQ QặF Y QKéQJ OềD FKẵQ ầF NKX\đQ
QJKãFẳOầL

EàLYLFKQJWUăQKSKWWULÔQQJXQQFFSTXàFJLD
x
.LơP WUD Y QQJ FÊS SKP YL PF ảFK Y FKảQK VFK TX\ KRFK QJXắQ
QặFTXFJLD
x
7ẳPWWYWKQJQKÊWTX\KRFKOXYềFYRTX\KRFKTXFJLDWKơKLQ
QKéQJ QKX FX WURQJ WQJ ODL [F ãQK TX\ôQ WLôP QQJ OLQ OX YềF Y
WLôPQQJSKWWULơQ

<XFXYôFKÊWOầQJQặF
x
<XFXSKáQJOậWLXèQJYJLPQKêWKLQWDLGROậOWJ\UD
x
<XFXNKDLWKFWKấ\QQJ
x
<XFXQặFFKRJLDRWKQJWKấ\JLLWUảGXOãFK