TLf
LigU
TRONG NLfCIC
BU0G khdi
dau hien dai hda
nghien
GIIU van hoG
DUONG THU THUY
H
ien dai hda van bpc Vipt Nam nria
diu TK XX la mpt qui trinh ehuydn
bidn lien tuc tri nhung bude di ban
diu vdi nhidu vudng viu cria ldi nghien erin van
hpc trung dai ddn nhring bude hoin thipn sau
dd. Qua eic cdng trinh nghien crin van hpc giai
doan sau (tri
1930
de'n
1945),
de thiy sy chuyen
bidn manh me cria qui trinh hipn dai hda.
Nhung, cai gi thupc ve khai pha ban diu cung
Ii
eii ding ghi nhan vi ein dupe tran trpng. Vi
vay, vipc tim hieu chinh bude di ban diu eua
boat dpng nghien eiiru van hoc Vipt Nam tri diu
TK XX de'n 1930
Ii
mpt vipc lim ein thiet de
phic hpa nen toan eanh qui trinh hipn dai hda
van hpc dan tpc nria diu TK XX.

nhan djnh, danh gia deu khdng vupt khdi khudn
khd ngri van hpc cd didn; cae tie gia cdn
chiu
nhieu anh hudng eua quan niem van chuong
thdi trung dai d chd thien vd danh gia, phim
binh nhidu ban
Ii
phan tich, giai thich cac hien
tupng van hoc; nha bien khao chi cin bidt tdi
van ban vdi nhung thin eri, nhan ty chri it cin
bidt tdi nhirng quan he xa hpi phuc tap da san
sinh ra tie phim. Vdi mpt ndn
qude
van ngay
cang phit tridn, ldi nghien cun truydn thdng
nhu tren khdng thd dap ung nhu cau tiep nhan
cria dpc gia duang thdi,
vi
vay, cac nha nghien
erin da khdng ngirng hpc tap, ap dung cae
phuang phap nghien criu mdi vao viec nghien
cii^
van hpc Viet Nam. Trong nhQng bude khdi
diu cria qua trinh hien dai hda boat dpng
nghien eun van hpc Vipt Nam giai doan nria
diu TK XX, Truyen Kiiu
ciia
Nguydn Du la
tic phim van hpc trung dai dupe tap trung tim
hieu nhidu nhit.

each rit nghiem trie vi cdng phu.
(Zich
nghien crin Truyen Kieu thien vd van
chuong cria Pham Quynh, trong hoin canh
nude mit vi cic phong trio yeu nude sdi sue,
gap phai phan ring cia eic nhi Nho vdn
dl
quan
nipm "van
dl
tai dao" - trie hudng van ehuang
vio eon dudng ich dung cho dan, cho nude, eho
thd dao nhan tam, hudng con ngudi vao vipc tu
dudng dao drie, chinh khi dd dinh gia tie
phim. Truyen Kieu, bdi thd, bj Ngd Drie Kd,
Huynh Thric Khing coi
Ii
hai ddn phong hda
dao drie, bj coi
Ii
dam thu eung
Ii
didu dd
hidu. Dring nhu Thidu San trong
P/ie
binh vd
edo ludn timg nhan xet vd Huynh Thric Khing
nhu sau: "Truyen Kieu kia ndu bj eoi la mpt
cudn dam thu vi nhung ngudi yeu Kidu vd cii
gii trj van chuong va my thuat cria nd ma bj kdt

trong vipc thim djnh Nguydn Cdng Trri. Ching
ban, nhan xet vd tai van ehuang cia Nguydn
Cdng Trri, dng eho ring: "Van Ndm dng
Nguydn Cdng Trri cd ve dac sic lim, nha't la
van vin (nhu ea
trri).
Ong ehi dring nhring tidng
ngudi ta thudng dpc, thudng nghe, ndi ra trie la
thanh van khdng nin ndt eham gpt nhu cac thi
si
khae. Ldi van vria nhe nhang, vria chit phac:
]
trdng vao khdng tha'y gi la eao ky, ma dpc ldn
y that ddi dao; ldi khdng ehai chudt mi hay, van
I
khdng trau ddi ma ljch: that la ca trri nhit j
gia"(2);
hay khi ban vd
ehi
hudng cria Nguydn i
Cdng Trri, tic gia vidt: 'Ta dpc ddn ldi van eu,
ty nhien sinh ldng hang hii, mudn di, mudn
chay, mudn dem than ganh vac vipc ddi, dd !
girip ddi eho khdi nhring ndi bi ai khdn khd. Ay
cring bdi eu ddi vdi ddi ed cai quan nipm nhu
1
the,
cho nen cu thd
Id
ra mdt ing van ehuang ed

chinh la bay td quan nipm van
dl
tai dao cria
ngudi xua. Dri vay, Le Thudc da cd net mdi
trong nghien crin van bpc d giai doan nay khi
'
dng da la'y cudc ddi cia tic gia dd bipn
mriih
|
cho van nghipp.
\
Nhu vay, qua cic edng trinh nghien
criai
van
!
hpc vua trinh bay, dae bipt la cac bai nghien
curu
vd Truyen Kieu cria Pham Quynh, Ngd
Dtire
Kd, Huynh Thric Khing va tie phim bien khao
phe binh vd Nguydn Cdng Trri cria Le Thudc,
chring tdi nhan ra ring, nghien crin van hpc !
trong nhung bude khdi diu cria qua trinh hipn
dai hda da hpc tap dupe phuang phip nghien
crin cia van hpc
nude
ngoai dd ap dung vao j
nghien
eihi
van hpc nude nha. Tuy nhien, trong I

Truyen Kieu sau
nay. Didu nay eho ta mpt lin nria xic nhan vai
trd tien phong cia cac tic gia trong budi diu
nghien erin tie phim Truyen Kieu ndi rieng va
boat dpng nghien erin van hpc Vipt Nam ndi
chung trong giai doan nia diu TK XX.
Cd thd tdm tat dac didm dd nhu sau: Vin
xem nhan vat Thriy Kidu la tim guang luan ly
ran ddi, rd rang cie nhi nghien erin giai doan
nay vin cdn mang nang tu tudng nghien crin
truydn thdng. Du am cia phuang phip nghien
crin cd didn vin cdn in da'u trong nhung nhan
djnh, tan duang mdt chidu, ddi lric qui mric
theo cam nhan tri am. Triy nhien, cic cdng trinh
nghien crin bude diu cria giai doan niy da he lp
dd md ra mdt chang dudng nghien criu mdi, dac
biet la cdng trinh cria Pham Quynh.
Lin diu tien trong boat ddng nghien erin
van hpc Vipt Nam, tic phim Truyen Kieu ndi
rieng vi van hpc Vipt Nam dupe Pham Quynh
nhin nhan d nhidu gdc dd khae nhau vdi mpt
tinh thin khoa hpc khi nghiem trie: tim hidu vd
cpi rd tic phim, ljch sri tie gia, van ehuang tic
phim, tam ly nhan vat.
Cac edng trinh nghien criu cria Vu Dinh
Long, Nguydn Tudng Tam vd Truyen Kieu tuy
vin cdn tinh thin tan duang, nhung bude diu
cic dng da tan duang mpt cich cd ea sd khoa
hoc thdng qua nghien criu ti mi vd ngdn ngri,
tam ly nhan vat, eac thri phap nghp thuat dd

sao,
cupc tranh luan iy vdi tit ca nhung uu
nhupe didm cria nd, rd ring da tao eho
ddi
sdng
van bpc Viet Nam vdn phing lang xua nay mpt
tinh thin nghien cim mdi.
Thoit ra ldi nghien erin tan duang mpt chidu
eua du
am
quan nipm ed didn trong cdng tic
nghien
eihi,
cac nha nghien curu
giai
doan nay,
dd bao ve chinh kidn cia minh, da nhin nhan
Truyen Kieu mpt cich toan dipn va da dang
hon, cd khen cring ed che. Day chinh
Ii
mim
mdng mdi cia mpt phuang phip nghien curu
khoa bpc va toin dipn.
Cd dupe nhung thanh qua bude diu nhu da
neu tren, nhung nha nghien cun giai doan niy
da cd y thric rit rd trong vipc thric diy sy
ehuydn bidn cia boat dpng nghien eiiru van hoc
nude nhi; dat nhung tang di diu tien dd xay
dyng ndn mdng cho mpt phuang phap nghien
criru van bpc mdi, tao co sd dd boat dpng nay

ThSng
10-2009
s6
304 mm